1. In the name of God

2. Frame Selection
Dr. Ali Mirzajani
Tehran University of Medical Science

3. Frame Selection
 From an aesthetic point of view ,
glasses are of no small importance
to the person wearing them.
 The patient needs to received help,
not only with sizing ,but also with
the cosmetic aspects of a frame.

4. Frame Selection
 Despite continuous changes in frame
styles, there are still certain basics
that can be used to arrive at an
aesthetically pleasing and
comfortable frame.
 The wearer ultimately has the final
choice of what he will wear , but he
/she should not be allowed free rein in
selecting his frames.

5. Cosmetic Dispensing

6. :Frame selection is often
 A process of trial and error
 Usually time consuming
 Frequently extremely frustrating

7. Well-selected frame
:consists of
 A good bridge fit
 Proper eye size
 An acceptable shape

8. Frame Selection
 Cosmetic consideration
 Fitting consideration
 Healthy consideration
 Visual consideration

9. Cosmetic
consideration

10. Cosmetic consideration
 Well-selected frame shape tends
to :
 Exaggerate and emphasize facial lines are
complementary (more desirable aspects) to
the person and make face more attractive.
 Disparage and deemphasize facial lines are
uncomplementary (less desirable aspects) to
the person.

11. Cosmetic consideration
 Complementary lines should be
emphasized through repetition ,
usually by the upper and/or lower eye
wires. (make face more attractive)
 Reciprocally , uncomplementary lines
should not repeated by the frame
lines. (make face unattractive)

12. Cosmetic consideration
 Few faces meet the artistic ideal in bone
structure and conformity.
 The line of the frame selected should create
the effect of balancing facial planes that are
not components of idealized proportions.
 The idea is the same as using vertical stripes
to enhance the appearance of a short or a fat
person.

13. Cosmetic consideration
facial types
 Generally ,there are seven basic facial shapes

14. facial types
 Oval : considered to be
the ideal type.

15. facial types
 Oblong: thinner and
longer than the oval.

16. facial types
 Round: more circular
than the oval.

17. facial types
 Square: again, the
sides of the face are
more parallel than in
the oval, with the face
being wider and
shorter than usual.

18. facial types
Triangular: the lower part
of the face is wider
.than the upper part

19. facial types
:(Inverted triangular(base up
the upper part of the face
,the temple area is wider
.than lower jaw area

20. facial types
Diamond: the central
section of the face is
wider, with the upper
and lower extremities
of the face narrowing
.down considerably

21. Cosmetic consideration
 To simplify the face shapes for the purpose
of aiding in the choice of frame width and
depth , the seven shapes can be condensed
down to the following five shapes.

22. A Basic Guide to Face
Shapes
 Three Keys:
Frame shape should contrast with face shape
Frame size should be in scale with face size
Eyewear should balance personal proportion

23. Theoval faces can wear any kind
of shapes, big, small, strict, as
.it suit you

24. OVAL - oval-shaped faces tend to
suit many different styles
Your goal should be to keep the oval's natural balance. Look for frames that a
,as wide as, or wider than, the broadest part of the face (1
almond or walnut-shaped frames that are neither too deep nor too narrow so (
that they do not upset facial balance

25. If you have around face you can
go for a round shape or correct
the line of the face with a
square shape
Your goal should be to make the face appear longer and thinner. Look for
,angular, narrow frames that will lengthen the face (1
,high or mid-height temples, which help create a longer profile (2
,a clear bridge that widens the eyes (3
frames that are wider than they are deep, such as an octagonal shape (4

26. ROUND- a round face tends to suit quite
angular stylesand geometric shapes,
which give definition to the face.
Round or large eye shapesare less
suitable as they will exaggerate the
round shape of the face

27. Choose frames that are distinctive, angular,
almost square, with designs that accentuate the
upper part of the face. Look for frames with high
temples and
up-swept "cat's eye" styles.

28. If you have asquare face, you
can go in the same shape as the
face, or on the contrary to go to
oval shape
.Your goal should be to make the face look longer and soften the angles
: Look for
,curvilinear, narrow styles that soften facial angles (1
,frames that are wider than the widest part of the face (2
frames that have more width than depth, and (3
.narrow ovals, which are an excellent choice (4

29. SQUARE - soft, oval shapes work
well. Thin, angular styles are
less flattering

30. If you have along face, you should
go for a frame which cut the length of
the face and enlarged the face, in
respect to the interpupillary
.distance
The long shape can benefit from enhancing the width of the face so
try wide, large framed glasses in oval or round styles

31. long face
look for softer shapes with some width; anything small
and angular will tend to be less flattering
Choose frames that are deep to shorten the face. Frames
can be slightly wider than the face

32. Face Shape: Oblong
Coloring: Cool, medium intensity

33. Heart or Triangular shaped
Frame shapes to try Choose angular frames with
strong vertical lines. Avoid frame shapes which
mirror the angle of the jaw and in doing so draw
.attention to it

34. Triangular shaped
Triangular shaped– Try to select narrow,
round or square eye shapes for these faces,
which are a wider and more rounded shape
than triangular ones

35. BASE-UP TRIANGLE FACES
Base-Up shaped faces have a very wide top third and small
bottom third. Your goal should be to minimize the width of
the top half of the face. Look for
1) frames that are wider at the bottom half of the frame,
2) very light colored materials are effective, and uniform in
colour
3) rimless styles are an excellent choice.

36. Frame color

37. Frame color
 Effective factors in frame color selection:
2. Hair color
3. Skin color
4. Feature size
5. Eye color

38. Hair color
 Gray hair : frames in pale tints of blue or rose
are suitable.
 Pure white or partially gray hair : plain gray
frames are better.
 Red hair: green frames is better( browns or
reds should be avoided).

39. (Skin color (facial tone
 Yellow or olive skin tones: colors to
be avoided would be green-brown ,
green , yellow, or yellow-brown,
because emphasize the yellow or
olive tones already sufficiently
present.
 The recommended colors are those
that draw out the colors desired, i.e.
,reds, pinks, red-browns.

40. (Skin color (facial tone
 Overly pink skin:
 good colors: cool brown, greens,
and ambers.
 Avoided colors : shades of blue,
violet, and magenta

41. (Skin color (facial tone
 Ageing skin :
 The same colors as yellow or olive skin tones
are suitable. Warm brown-red tones.
 Avoided colors : gray, black, metallic frames,
which only emphasize shadows caused by
wrinkles.

42. (Skin color (facial tone
 Skin irregularities:
 A black color frame will
emphasize skin irregularities.

43. (Skin color (facial tone
 The smaller and more delicate the features,
the lighter (thinner ) the frame should be.
 The larger and broader the features, the
heavier (thicker) the frame should be.
 For children and women with child-like
features, a light weight frame is suitable.
 Using a frame too thick create a puny
appearance.

44. Temple design
 Basically temple style is indicated more by its
relation to appropriate function than by
appearance.
 Broad temples tend to decrease the facial
length.
 Thin temples tend to increase the facial
length.

45. Temple design

46. High-power Myopes
Small, round frame shapes are best to
reduce lens thickness
Angular frames with sharp corners will
accent the thickness of the lenses
Frames that look good with plano
lenses may be very unattractive
with high minus lenses

47. Fitting high plus lenses
.Small, round frames
.Fitting with high index aspheric lenses
. Fit with a short vertex distance

48. Fitting
consideration

49. Fitting
consideration
General rules
 Sturdy construction for high power lenses
 Frames with excessive curved front is not
suitable for fitting.
 Frames with excessive flat front is not
suitable for fitting.
 Frames with excessive eye size is not suitable
for small PD
 When the previous glasses are used frame
selection is function of the old frame.

50. For high minus lenses
1. Small eye size
2. Frame with rounded corners
3. A wide frame should be avoided.
4. Excessive decentration should be avoided
(outer edge Vs inner edge)
5. Wider bridge (more DBL)
Thus : less effective diameter
a 50 □ 20 instead of a 52 □ 18

51. For high minus lenses
6.High index of refraction for reducing the edge
thickness.
7.Plastic lenses for reducing the weight in the
sensitive nose.
8. Using a flat bevel rather than the usual 40 º
reduces reflection rings (also edge coating)
9. Thick rim of demi-amber or brown plastic is
suitable. (a crystal or black frame is not
suitable)

52. For high minus lenses
10.Front curves less than 2.00 D will result in a
high reflection of light from the front.
11.Using a pink tint or antireflection coating
will reduce lens reflections.
12.Minus lens and eye make up

53. For high plus lenses
1. Smaller eye size
2. Rounded shapes
3. Effective diameters ≤ eye size + 2mm
4. Shapes with small “frame differences”

54. For high plus lenses
5. Sturdy construction
6. Short vertex distances
7. Adjustable nosepads (for regulate BVD)
8. Cable temples

55. For cylindrical lenses
 Rounded shapes is not suitable (rotating
cylinder axis)
 Frame dimension should be short in along
thickness direction of the lens when it is
possible.

56. Fitting consideration
the bridge
 The appropriate bridge is determined by:
 Bridge width
 Position of its pads
 Frontal angle of the bridge at the pads
 Splay angle (transverse angle)
 Vertical angle (crest angle)

57. Frontal angle

58. Splay angle (transverse
( angle

59. Vertical angle (Crest
(angle

60. Healthy
consideration
 As a healthy point of view ,
properties that frame materials
required can be listed as:

61. Healthy
consideration
1. They must not injure –cause dermatitis
2. They must take and hold a good polish
3. They must be resist attack from skin acids
(cellulose nitrate becomes yellow and crazed
with time)
4. They must be light (neurotic problems)

62. Healthy consideration
agents cause
dermatitis have a poor quality
1.Metal frames that
nickel alloy base metal (common)
2. Coloring agents
3. Even gold can cause dermatitis

63. Healthy
consideration
 There is two type of contact dermatitis:
2. Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD)
3. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD)

64. Healthy consideration
children bridges
 The investigations have shown that splay angle
decreases from 28.2 º at ages “3 to 5” to 23 º at
ages “ 16 to 18” .
 The depth of the nasal bridge also changes : it
increases from 14.2 mm at age 3 to 5 to 19.2 mm
at age s 16 to 18.

65. Healthy consideration
children bridges
 Thus in children:
 A larger pad splay angle
 A larger pad area
 More soft pad that does not inhibit nasal
development.
 Using different types of nasal pads.

66. Healthy
consideration
 Selection of the wrong nasal pad can causes
deformity and malformation of child's nose.
 An uncomfort bridge can cause neurotic
problems for wearer.
 A non-suitable bridge can cause injury of the
skin.
 A bridge pad with no good material (no skin
acid resistance ) can cause contact
dermatitis.

67. Healthy
consideration
 In wearers with surgical process on nose or
other facial parts, a light weight frame with a
good adjustable pad should be used.
 With age there are pronounced physiological
changes to the elasticity and fat content of
the skin and therefore , the bridge fitting is
important.

68. Visual
consideration

69. Visual consideration
 Half-eye frame for near vision
 Suitable eye size for size of patient's eyes
 Suitable field of view
 No excessive change in eye size

70. Visual consideration
 Gradually variation in frame mode (important
as both visually and habitually – suppression
of the old frame components)
 suitable frame for bifocals and progressive
corrections
 No too small eye size for children ,specially in
accommodative esotropia.

71. Frame selection in
Ear, nose and other
facial deformities

72. Thank you for your attention