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3. eclipse--to hide or to block
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4. Early Tools to understand the sky
astrolabe--measures angles to predict patterns in the sky
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5. Sextant--also measures angles between the horizon and the stars
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6. Galileo--the first astronomer to use a telescope (did not invent the telescope)
discoveries:
*moon has mountains
*Sun spins/rotates
*Venus has phases like the moon
*Jupiter has four moons that orbit around it
*Earth and all the planets revolve around the Sun!*
Isaac Newton--developed the reflecting telescope
used a curved mirror to allow people to see things far away
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7. Stars
*stars are made up of hydrogen and helium
*these two gases react to give off thermal and kinetic energy
(light and heat)
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8. Types of Stars/Life Cycle of a Star
*nebula--cloud of dust and gas
*protostar--gets smaller and warmer black dwarf
*main sequence star--gets smaller and warmer
*red giant--gets bigger and cooler
*variable stage--stars do different things here white dwarf
*supernova--giant explosion
*neutron star--cluster of neutrons about 12 miles across
*black hole--a point in space that has gravity that pulls in everything, even light
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9. Characteristics of a Star
Color: tells us the temperature
red--cooler in temperature
blue-white--hottest
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10. Our Star, the Sun
--big ball of hot gasses (hydrogen and helium)
--prominences--loops and fountains of blazing gas
--sun spots--darker in color;
cooler than other areas of the sun
3 layers
photosphere--innermost layer
chromosphere--layer in between
corona--outermost layer
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