This document discusses various motivation concepts and theories that can be applied to different work environments. It addresses profit sharing, which provides compensation based on a company's profitability, and gain sharing, which is an independent group incentive scheme. It then examines several case studies, including production workers at a shoe factory, farm workers picking crops, an insurance clerk, a teacher, and employees at a computer company. It explores using incentives, allowances, individual target setting, benefit schemes, and skill-based pay to motivate different types of workers.