The document discusses groundwater supply issues in Cavite Province, Philippines. It notes that Cavite's current water systems cannot meet demand, groundwater abstraction has exceeded sustainable levels causing depletion and saltwater intrusion, and lack of wastewater treatment contaminates groundwater. The government plans to develop new sustainable water sources, including importing water from other provinces, and enabling stakeholder participation to improve infrastructure, coverage, efficiency and sustainability.

1. Adamson University
College of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 428-WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
By:
Cabuguang, Adrian Carl C.
Cao, Vanessa Elaine T.
Villota, Keith Eunice A.
Presented to:
Dr. Tomas U. Ganiron, Jr.
Case Study No. 1-Groundwater Supply of Cavite
Province

2. Topography of Cavite Province

3. CAVITE
CALABARZON
(Region IV-A)
142, 706 hectares
7 Cities
16 Municipalities
8 Legislative Districts
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/21/Cavite_Map.jpg

4. CAVITE
North – Northwest
river flow
Major River Basins:
1 - Maragondon
2 - Labac
3 - Cañas
4 - San Juan
Source: NAMRIA, Cavite SEPP 2010

5. LOWEST LOWLAND –
COASTAL PLAIN
• Extremely low ground level
• EL. 0m to EL. 2m
• High tide EL. 0.8m
• Bacoor, Kawit, Noveleta, and
Rosario

6. LOWLAND – COASTAL
AND ALLUVIAL PLAINS
• Ground slope of < 0.5%
• EL. 2m to EL. 30m
• Alluvial plain in Imus, Southern
Gen. Trias.
• Coastal to hilly area transition in
Bacoor, Kawit, Noveleta, Rosario,
and Tanza.

7. UPLAND MOUNTAINOUS
AREA
• Amadeo and Tagaytay City
• Above EL. 400m
• Slopes > 2%
• Tagaytay Ridge EL. 650m

8. CENTRAL HILLY AREA
• Found on mountain foot slope
• Rolling tuffaceous plateau
• Steep hills, ridges, and elevated
inland valley.
• EL. 30m to EL. 400m
• Slopes of 0.5% to 2%
• Trece Martires, Damariñas, Indang,
and Silang

9. Water Resources in Cavite
Dams and Groundwater

10. Dam Inventory in Cavite
http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11925898_02.pdf

11. IF THERE ARE NUMEROUS
DAMS IN CAVITE, WHY RESORT
TO GROUNDWATER?

12. WHY RESORT TO
GROUNDWATER?
• No major dam in the province
• 200 year old dams
• Non-operational for the last 100
years
• – Gov. Jonvic Remulla

13. Cavite’s Groundwater
According to Cavite Integrated Water Resource
Management Master Plan

14. 1ST
ISSUE
CAVITE’S
GROUNDWATER
SUPPLY
The present water supply and
distribution systems covering
the Province of Cavite is no
longer able to meet the present
and future aggregate demand
for water;

15. Population Trend of Cavite
http://cavite.gov.ph/home/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/11-CHAPTER-
3_POPULATION-AND-SOCIAL-PROFILE.pdf

16. 2ND
ISSUE
CAVITE’S
GROUNDWATER
SUPPLY
Water abstraction in a number
of areas in the Province has
already reached critical points
causing decreased groundwater
levels and resulting in
groundwater mining as well as
salt-water intrusion in coastal
areas;

17. MEKONG DELTA
With surface water
often being polluted or
saline, groundwater is
the main source to meet
this increasing
freshwater demand
(Wagner et al 2012).

18. MEKONG DELTA
A quarter-century of
pumping-induced
subsidence caused the
MKD to sink on average
by ~18 cm over the
past 25 years, with
areas over 30 cm.
(Minderhoud et al 2017)

19. 3RD
ISSUE
CAVITE’S
GROUNDWATER
SUPPLY
There is lack of any septage collection
and treatment system as well as any
piped waste water collection and
treatment system or a centralized
sewerage system. Due to this lack,
septic tank effluent is generally
allowed to leach into the ground while
untreated waste water from
households and industrial
establishments is returned to the water
sources;

20. CONTAMINATED
GROUNDWATER
The issue of solid waste
in the country creates
problems that results to
the contamination of
ground water sources,
creating obnoxious
odors and aesthetic
deterioration. (Huhtala,
1999)

21. Cavite Government’s Response to
Depleting Groundwater Supply
According to Cavite Integrated Water Resource
Management Master Plan

22. GOVERNMENT’S
ACTION
Development of new water
supply sources based on a
viable provincial land use plan,
to include as well importation of
water from nearby provinces, to
meet increasing demand that
are sustainable, stable,
reasonable and which will
provide equitable and affordable
water supply for all end users.

23. GOVERNMENT’S
ACTION
Enable the participation of
concerned service providers in
plan development, programming
and operations, among others,
in order to improve coverage,
efficiency and sustainability of
related infrastructure.

24. References:
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/21/Cavite_Map.jpg
• https://cavite.gov.ph/home/cities-and-municipalities/
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/21/Cavite_Map.jpg
• NAMRIA, Cavite SEPP 2010
• http://cavite.gov.ph/home/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Chapter-3.pdf
• https://www.facebook.com/JonvicRemullaJr/posts/just-to-clarify-there-
are-no-major-dams-in-cavite-what-we-have-are-a-series-of-
s/267052560071737/
• http://cavite.gov.ph/home/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/11-CHAPTER-
3_POPULATION-AND-SOCIAL-PROFILE.pdf
• http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11925898_02.pdf

25. References:
• Wagner F, Tran V B and Renaud F G 2012 Groundwater Resources in
the Mekong Delta: Availability, Utilization and Risks. Springer
Environmental Science and Engineering ed F G Renaud and C
Kuenzer (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands) The Mekong Delta
system 201–20 pp
• P S J Minderhoud et al 2017 Environ. Res. Lett. 12 064006
• Huhtala, A., 1999. How much do money, inconvenience and pollution
matter? Analyzing households’ demands for large-scale recycling and
incineration. Journal of Environmental Management 55(1): 27-37.