Journal club, journal club presentation, public health, medicine, critical appraisal, journal, epidemiology, nursing, health care, health management, health system

1. Journal Club Presentation
Presented By:
Name: Shiva Sharma
Roll No: 25
BPH, VIII Semester, SHAS, PU.
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2. Presented for the partial fulfillment of requirement
of
PHA 451 Journal Club/Health Seminar
of
Bachelor of Public Health, VIII Semester,
School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University
under the cardinal supervision of
Assistant Professor Dr. Hari Prasad Kaphle
By
Shiva Sharma
17370202
2016-1-37-0124.
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3. Selected Article for Presentation
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4. Journal Information
• The Cardiovascular Journal of Africa (CVJA) is an international peer-
reviewed journal that keeps cardiologists up to date with advances in
the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Topics covered
include coronary disease, electrophysiology, valve disease, imaging
techniques, congenital heart disease (fetal, paediatric and adult), heart
failure, surgery, and basic science.
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5. Critical Appraisal of Journal
• Reliable journal (peer review)
• maintain the highest level of integrity in the content published
• Impact factor : 1.225
• Publishing frequency: 6 times a year
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6. Hypertension and associated factors in older
adults in South Africa
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7. Critical Appraisal of Tittle
• Clear
• Directional towards research
• Catchy
• Reflect aim and objective
• Short
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8. Authors
• Karl Peltzer, PhDKarl Peltzer, HIV/AIDS/SIT and TB (HAST),
Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South
Africa; Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Turfloop,
South Africa and ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol
University, Salaya, Thailand;
• Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya, PhDNancy Phaswana-
Mafuya, HIV/AIDS/SIT and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research
Council, Pretoria, South Africa; Office of the Vice Chancellor, Nelson
Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa;
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9. Critical Appraisal of Authors
• Author name is clearly mentioned
• Author’s credential is mentioned clearly
• Area of expertise of author is mentioned
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10. Abstract
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11. Critical Appraisal of Abstract
• Informative abstract (Background, Methods, Results, Conclusion)
• Comprehensive in its contents
• Assumption of full article based on abstract
• Appropriate in its length (neither too short nor too long)
• Information abstracted from full article i.e. match with full article
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12. Introduction
• Hypertension alone is the leading reason for attending primary care
and is the most common diagnosis (13.1%) in South Africa.
• Various factors associated with hypertension including socio-
demographics (older age, female gender, lower education level, lower
household income), geolocality (urban residence), other risk factors or
behavior, including stroke, diabetes, higher body mass index (BMI),
physical inactivity, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, smoking and
drinking, greater limitations on activities of daily living (ADLs) and
instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), higher frequency of
doctor visits, and less social cohesion.
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13. Critical Appraisal of Introduction
• Introduction is meaningful
• Built after extensive literature review
• Logically presented
• citations followed with correct references
• Research question and hypothesis is not stated
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14. Materials and methods
• study population: 50 years or older
• Sampling method :two-stage probability sample
• Sample size: 3840
• Study design :population-based cross-sectional survey
• Tool used : Questionnaire including socio-demographic
characteristics, health variables, and anthropometric and blood
pressure measurements.
• Statistical analysis :Multivariate logistic regression
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15. Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods
• Sample is representative of population
• Questionnaire and methodology based on published repost of Global
Study on Ageing (SAGE) survey was carried out in South Africa
• Verbal informed consent taken before interview
• Data taken from reliable source
• Statistical measures like multiple regression
• Dependent and independent variables mentioned
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16. Results
• large group (72.4%) of older adults were overweight or obese, 20.4%
were daily tobacco users, 4.0% had had a stroke, and 9.2% had
diabetes.
• More than half (52.2%) engaged in low physical activity, two-thirds
(67.7%) ate insufficient fruit and vegetables, and a small proportion
(13.7%) were current alcohol users
• Prevalence of hypertension was inversely associated with current
alcohol use
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17. Critical Appraisal of Results
• Presented in sequence
• Demonstrated table was clear and explanation of table was appropriate
• Though number in the tables and description matches tables were
lengthy
• Caption and numbering of table properly mentioned
• Based on aim and objectives of the study
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18. Discussion
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19. Critical Appraisal of Discussion
• Discussion is meaningful
• Comparison with other relevant articles
• Highlights important findings of the study
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20. Conclusion
• This study revealed high rates of hypertension among older adults (50
years and more) in South Africa, which put them at risk for
cardiovascular disease. The percentages of hypertensives who were
aware of, treated for and controlled were very low.
• The study recommend to strengthen the public health education and
blood pressure-monitoring systems to better manage hypertension
among older adults in South Africa.
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21. Critical Appraisal of Conclusion
• Believable
• Answer research question
• Objective based
• Appropriate recommendation
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22. References
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23. Critical Appraisal of References
• Vancouver style of referencing
• Proper citation
• References are accurate
• 37 references are cited
• Cited references are reliable
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24. Strengths
• Article published in reliable journal
• Studies about the associated factors of hypertersion
• Article signifies the need of strengthening the public health education
and blood pressure-monitoring systems
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25. Weaknesses
• Discussion was short more comparasion with relevant articles could
have done
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26. Overall significance of the article
• Findings is believable.
• Gives an idea about the association of variables and they are
appropriate for the new researchers .
• The article is based on national survey, it is generalizable.
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27. Questions?
Quarries?
Suggestions?
Feedbacks?
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28. Thank You!
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