Different Sources of Fund of Islamic Banks.in detail

1. Different Sources of Fund of Islamic Banks.
Similar to conventional banks, Islamic banks also need funds to operate
its banking activities. Basically there are two (2) main sources of funds,
namely
(a) Shareholders’ working capital and
(b) Deposits collected from Customers.
For a dual window banking operation, all funds belonging to the Islamic
banking scheme are segregated from those related to conventional
banking. In addition, to avoid co-mingling of the funds, separate
accounting books are maintained by the Islamic
The original source of the Islamic funds has to be ascertained to ensure it
come from a “halal’ sources. Under a dual window banking operation,
the initial paid-up capital is normally given on al-Qard basis (benevolent
loan which is free of interest) from the conventional counterpart thus
there should not be any issue in regards to the source of the funds.
Here we are going to discuss with the details Sources of Islamic banks
and identifying where Islamic create and get funds which are included as
following:

2. SOURCES OF FUNDS
In general Islamic banks rely on the following sources of funds:
1. Capital & Equity;
2. Transaction deposits that are risk free and yield no return; and
3. Investment deposits that carry the risks of capital loss for the
promise of variable returns.
Capital & Equity
 Capital is the amount injected into the Islamic bank during the
setting-up stages i.e. the paid-up capital of the Islamic bank.
 Equity is usually the retained earnings of the Islamic bank that
accumulated during its operational period.
Transaction Deposits
 Current accounts
Current accounts are based on the principle of Wadiah, whereby the
depositors are guaranteed repayment of their funds. At the same time, the
depositor does not receive remuneration for depositing funds in a current
account, because the guaranteed funds will not be used for PLS ventures.
Rather, the funds accumulating in these accounts can only be used to
balance the liquidity needs of the bank and for short-term transactions on
the bank’s responsibility.

3.  Savings accounts
Savings accounts also operate under the Wadiah principle. Savings
accounts differ from current deposits in that they earn the depositors
income: depending upon financial results, the Islamic bank may decide to
pay a premium, hiba, at its discretion, to the holders of savings accounts.
Investment Deposits
 Investment accounts
An investment account operates under the Mudaraba al-mutlaqa
principle, in which the Mudarib (active partner) must have absolute
freedom in the management of the investment of the subscribed capital.
The conditions of this account differ from those of the savings accounts
by virtue of:
1. A higher fixed minimum amount,
2. A longer duration of deposits, and
3. Most importantly, the depositor may lose some of or all his funds in the
event of the bank making losses.

4.  Special investment accounts
Special investment accounts also operate under the Mudaraba principle,
and usually are directed towards larger investors and institutions. The
difference between these accounts and the investment account is that the
special investment account is related to a specified project, and the
investor has the choice to invest directly in a preferred project carried out
by the bank.