This document contains summaries of several articles about threats facing different animal species and environmental pollution issues: - Sumatran rhinoceros populations have been reduced to only 6 groups due to illegal poaching for their horns in traditional Chinese medicine. - The American manatee's habitat has been reduced by human development in coastal areas, and many are killed by motorboat propellers or ingesting fishing gear. - Elephant seals were hunted for food by sailors, with over 10,000 taken from the Galapagos islands in just 36 years, driving the species near extinction.

1. Ecology
Project by Igoshina Margarita
Centre of Education No.1408
Moscow
2012

2. Sumatranian rhinoceroses
are exposed to destruction!
Earlier sumatranian rhinoceroses occupied
damp rainforests and swamps in Africa. Now
these animals are on the verge of
disappearance, only 6 populations remained.
Decrease in populations of a sumatranian
rhinoceros is caused first of all by illegal
hunting for the horns, popular in the Chinese
pseudo-medicine. Poaching threatens further
existence of this animals. Reduction of
population of a sumatranian rhinoceros still
proceeds in current time.

3. Human expansion: manatees
The American manatee is an endangered animal. Despite
the fact that it has no enemies in nature, human
expansion reduced its native habitat in coastal areas.
Damages from screws of motor boats are put to many
manatees. Manatees swallow fishing tackles, and a
scaffold, having got to digestive system of an animal starts
to kill him.

4. Consumer relation of
people to elephant turtles
After discovering Galapagos archipelago Europeans
elephant turtles began to be used by sailors as «live
canned food» — they placed in holds alive, where
they could be on several months without water and
food. Now we can see from records of logbooks, only
79 whaling vessels took out from the archipelago
about 10.373 turtles during 36 years. It is considered
that about 200.000 elephant turtles were destroyed
during the XX century. They disappeared completely
on Charlz and Barington islands , and almost died out
on others islands.

5. Environmental pollution
The Amur : fixed excess on phenol, nitrates and
microbiological indicators are found in the river every year.
As a result of the failure which occurred on November, 14
2005 on one of the Chinese chemical plants, there was a
massed emission of poisonous substances to the river
Sungary, as a result the spot of nitrobenzene, nitrogasoline
and other chemicals moved on a current to the Amur.

6. The lake is in danger!
Lake Baikal
In 1966 production on the Baikal pulp and paper mill began. The results of the deep water
device "Mir“ tests taken at immersion in July, 2010, showed that in ground deposits around
dumping of drains of the Baikal pulp and paper mill, there are high contents of the dioxine,
which is dangerous poison for any live organisms. Around the pulp and paper mill dioxine
pollution exceeds that in northern and central parts of Baikal 40-50 times.

7. аа
Lake Pener –on Friday morning on November 21, 1980 the team of drillers conducted oil
search under the lake bottom. During drilling the hole in the hydrochloric arch of the third
level of the mine being near the lake on depth about 400 meters was punched. Under the lake
the hydrochloric mine settled down. Water quickly washed away a 35-centimetric opening and
rushed down. In the lake Pener was created the huge whirlpool which has reached 55 meters
in diameter. The lake is connected by the channel Delkambr being in 20 kilometers by the Gulf
of Mexico therefore when Pener became grinds, the water level in Delkambra fell to meter
and salty water began to flow in the opposite direction, filling the becoming empty lake. The
ecosystem of the lake was transformed beyond recognition — fresh water replaced salty of
the channel. Representatives of flora and fauna were replaced — there were sea types of
plants and animals. The maximum depth of the lake Pener grew in 100 times, having reached
396 meters.