Use of terrorism and violence in the Arab-Israeli Conflict.

1. Rise of Violence and Terrorism
Arab-Israeli Conflict

2. Suez Crisis - 1956
Six-Day War – 1967
Yom Kippur War - 1973
Series of Wars and Conflicts
After each conflict, Israel gains land in victory!

3. Palestinian Refugee Camps
After the Israeli victory in the Six Day War in 1967, many
Palestinians fled the West Bank and Gaza while others
were placed in U.N. Refugee camps.

4. Palestinian
Refugee Camps
What was the ”Intifada” and what does the word mean?

5. Yasser Arafat
and the PLO
The Palestinians created an independent organization known as the Palestine Liberation
Organization (PLO). Yasser Arafat and his Fatah organization led the PLO and began
using violent armed operations against Israel.

6. Use of Terrorism
In the 1970s, under Arafat's leadership, PLO factions and other
militant Palestinian groups launched a series of attacks on Israel.
Hijacking airplanes and bombings of public buses and buildings
were common targets.

7. Use of Terrorism
One such attack took place at the Munich Olympics in 1972 in which
11 Israeli athletes were killed.

8. Palestinian Intifada: 1987-1993
A mass uprising - or intifada against the Israeli occupation began in
Gaza and quickly spread to the West Bank.

9. Palestinian Intifada: 1987-
1993
● Protest took the form of civil disobedience, strikes, boycotts, graffiti, and
barricades, but it was the stone-throwing demonstrations against the heavily-
armed occupation troops that captured international attention.
● More than 1,000 died in clashes with Israeli military.

10. The PLO Struggles for Recognition
While the PLO pursued
the armed struggle to
"liberate all of
Palestine," Arafat made
a dramatic first
appearance at the
United Nations in 1974
carrying a more
diplomatic tone.
The speech was a
watershed in the
Palestinians' search for
international recognition
of their cause.
"Today I have come bearing an olive branch
and a freedom fighter's gun. Do not let the
olive branch fall from my hand."

11. Arafat at the United Nations
Click on this link to Flipgrid and record your answer!
“Sabotage did not involve loss of life, and it offered the best
hope for future race relations. Bitterness would be kept to a
minimum and, if the policy bore fruit, democratic government
could become a reality.”
Nelson Mandela
Former President of South Africa
Compare the goals and methods of protest used by Arafat and Mandela.
Make a claim as to which is better and why.