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Tandem-L-IGARSS-v2-final-2011.pdf
1. Tandem-L: A Mission Proposal for Monitoring
Dynamic Earth Processes
A. Moreira, G. Krieger, M. Younis, I. Hajnsek , K. Papathanassiou,
M. Eineder, P. Dekker, F. De Zan
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
2. Dynamic Processes on the Earth Surface
Deforestation, Degradation, Fires* (REDD)
Forest Biomasse Change*
Biodiversity
Earthquakes
Volcanic Activities
Land Slides
Sea Ice Extent*
Permafrost*
Glacier & Ice Cap Dynamics*
Soil Moisture*
Flooding
*) Essential Climate
Ocean Currents*
Variables
3. Carbon Balance and Vegetation
The terrestrial carbon is the greatest unknown in the carbon cycle
6.4 ± 0.4
3.2 ± 0.1
Sources
1.6 ± 1.1
Unknown
=Σ
Ocean terrestrial
sink sink
Carbon Fossil Land use
accumulation in fuels change
Sink
the atmosphere
2.2 ± 0.4
2.6 ± 1.7
Numbers in Billions of Tons – Carbon / Year (IPCC)
4. Forest and Carbon
Biomass and the spatial distribution of carbon
(50% of the biomass is Carbon)
Global biomass distribution
and its dynamic are widely
unknown!
Amazon basin
… the estimation ranges from
39 to 93 GtC
5. 3-D Structure Mode
Polarimetric SAR
Polarimetric Backscattering Interferometry
(Pol-InSAR)
3-D Forest Structure
Forest height and Biomass Tomography
7. Traunstein Test Site Forest type Temperate
Topography Moderate slopes
2003 Oct. Height 25 ~ 35m
Species N. Spruce, E. Beech, White Fir
Biomass 40 ~ 450 t/ha
50
40
30
20
10
HV Amplitude Image Pol-InSAR Forest Height Elevation Model
0m
9. Biomass Estimation from Combination
Height + Structure of Multiple
Single-Pass
Profile Decomposition Interferograms
(Series Expansion)
f (z) pass 1
Example (Testsite Bayerischer Wald) pass 2
10. Structure - Biomass Allometry H 3
B = 3.11 a P
i =0 j =1
j j
a1 a2 a3
Nationalpark Bayrischer Wald Ebersberger Forst Bürgerwald Traunstein
Three Legendre polynomials explain the 92% of the total biomass !!! VU 10 > Autor Name
11. Dynamic Processes on the Earth Surface
Deforestation, Degradation, Fires* (REDD)
Forest Biomasse Change*
Biodiversity
Earthquakes
Volcanic Activities
Land Slides
Sea Ice Extent*
Permafrost*
Glacier & Ice Cap Dynamics*
Soil Moisture*
Flooding
*) Essential Climate
Ocean Currents*
Variables
12. Deformation Mode measurement of
Earthquakes deformations of mm – cm
Volcanoes
λ/2 ≈ 12 cm
Subsidence Land & Sea Ice
systematic multi-temporal
acquisitions (image stacks)
13. Cryosphere: Ice Motion and Topography of Glaciers
ICESAT GRACE
15 km track- > 200 km
distance at equator spatial resolution
CryoSAT-2 TanDEM-X
15 km x 250 m 1 year for global
spatial resolution coverage
Tandem-L
Tandem-L provides unique &
complementary information:
• 3D Ice flow
3 – 10 m resolution
weekly coverage • Ice Structure
• DEM
• weekly coverage, high resolution Courtesy: Ian Joughin
14. Hydrosphere: Soil Moisture
SMOS SMAP
50
40
30
35 km resolution 10-40 km resolution
20
10
Tandem-L
Tandem-L provides unique & 0
complementary information:
3 – 10 m resolution [vol.%]
weekly coverage • soil moisture
• water level changes
• river & ocean currents
• weekly coverage & high resolution