1. DRAW A LINE SEPARATING TODAY & YESTERDAY 1) Write: Date: 03/10/11 , Topic: End of WWII 2) Next line, write “ Opener #31 ” and then: 1) Write 1 high + 1 low in last 24 hours 2) Rate your understanding of yesterday: lost < 1-5 > too easy (3 is perfect) 3) Respond to the Opening Clip by writing at least 1 sentences about : Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND Summary of the clip OR/AND Announcements: None

2. Agenda 1) End of War End Goal, you will be able to… 1) How does the war end? Reminder 1) To rehearse, research, annoate your sections.

3. 1931-Japan invades Manchuria 33-Hitler takes power 37-Japan reaches mainland China 38-Appeasement 39-Hitler+Stalin invades Poland 40-Battle of Britain 41-Hitler invades USSR 41-Japan attacks Pearl Harbor (US joins war) 42-Battle of Stalingrad Battle of Midway 43-Allies win in Africa 44-D-Day 2/45-Japan inflicts heavy loses in island campaign (Okinawa) 4/45 Hitler commits suicide 8/45 Atomic bombs, war over!

4. Review 1) 9/01/1939 : Ger. invades Poland, UK+France decl. war. WWII Eur. has started (WWII Asia 37)

5. 2) 6/1940: France Falls : Nazi set up puppet gov (new captiol: Vichy). Fr. fight guerrilla war.

6. 3) 6/1940: Battle of Britain : Nazi bomb UK prepping for UK invasion (UK all that’s left) a) Ger’s 2,500 airplanes vs. UK’s 700 b) UK used radar to help maximize planes c) UK refuse to give up (inspired by Churchill) Plans for Operation Sea Lion

7. 4 ) 6/1941: Operation Barbarossa : 3 mil Nazi troops invade USSR (largest invasion in history)

8. 5) 8/09/1941: Atlantic Charter : Roosevelt (US) + Churchill (UK) secretly meet in the Atlantic to plan: a) Fight for right for ppl to pick own gov (no ambition) b) Open economic trade and prosperity for all

9. 6) 12/07/1941: Pearl Harbor : Japan decl. war on US, Ger. decl. war on US (12/11). (US won’t open Western Front in France, Stalin thinks on purpose)

10. 7) 12/1941-5/1942: Japanese Expansion : Japanese win every victory.

11. 8) 8/1942-4/1945: Island Hopping : US takes islands to island, est. airbases as they go.

12. 9) All of 1945: Japanese Firebombing : US bombs Jap. cities, 80,000 to 100,000 each run.

13. 10) 5/1942: Battle of Coral Sea : Fought purely by aircraft, first Jap. defeat. Jap. Both lose 1 carrier. 11) 6/1942: Battle of Midway : Jap loss 4 carriers, US 1 Tides turned.

14. 12) 7/1942: Battle of Stalingrad : Bogged in street fighting, 2 mil die (deadliest battle in history) USSR surrounds + captures 500,000. Tides turned.

15. 13) 9/1943: Invasion of Italy : UK: Montgomery + US: Eisenhower succeed in N Africa, push up into Italy

16. 14) 6/06/1944: D-Day : 156,000 cross English Channel retake France (largest amphibious assault in history)

17. 15) 10/1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf : Jap. employ+lose every last ship, 1 st kamkazes used, only Jap. army left (largest naval battle in history: Jap. lose 4 carriers, 3 battleships, 8 cruisers, 12 destroyers)

18. 16 ) 2/1945: Yalta Conference : Big 3 discuss wars end: a) USSR promises to E. Europe have elections b) Join war against Jap. 90 days after Ger. defeat c) USSR will get control over part of Ger. (+part of Berlin) + part of Asia

19. 17) 2-4/1945: Battle of Iwo Jima + Okinawa : US invasion of Jap. home islands, only Jap. army left, but suicidal resistance ( 30-80% US casualty rate ).

20. 18) 4/1945: Invasion of Berlin : a) USSR reaches Berlin first, followed by US+UK. b) Hitler commits suicide: VE Day: 5/08/1945 c) 100,000 Germans raped by USSR troops (USSR never punished for this) d) Capital Berlin divided in 4: US/UK/USSR/France

26. “ I hear that the enemy is boasting of his demand for unconditional surrender of Japan. Unconditional surrender means that our national structure and our people will be destroyed. Against such boastful talk there is only one measure we must take, to fight to the last.” –Pr. Suzuki, 6/09/1945

27. Journ #31a , “ Atomic Debate 1 ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: Don’t Use A-bomb 1) Jap. is surrounded and starving, we can win without it 2) To be 1 st to use such a awful weapon is not what’s good for US’ image and future PRO: Use A-bomb 1) Using the bomb will prevent the need of an invasion of Japan that will cost more lives on both sides 2) We need to show USSR we aren’t afraid of them (our next enemy)

28. Notes #31a , Title: “ End of WWII ” 1 ) 7/1945: Atomic Bomb : New US Pres. Truman notified $2 bil (08: $25 bil) bomb project successful

29. Notes #31a , Title: “ End of WWII ” 2 ) 1945: Cold War Begins : As Axis falls, fear of USSR (Communism) rise. USSR likely to keep control of any land they invade (nukes a msg to the Russians)

30. Journ #31b , “ Atomic Debate 2 ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: Drop Over Isolated Area 1) They can get the msg by watching. 2) We can end the war without costing anyone more lives. PRO: Drop Over City 1) We need to show we mean business. To warn or to drop elsewhere will not carry the full effect. 2) USSR will think the US is weak.

32. Hiroshima Clips

33. 3 ) 8/06/1945: Hiroshima : Warned of “utter destruction” if no surrender, no response, 140,000 die.

34. Journ #31c , “ Atomic Debate 3 ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: Don’t Drop Second 1) They only had 3 days to consider. 2) We can end the war without costing anyone more lives. PRO: Drop Second 1) They still didn’t surrender, USSR getting close, we don’t want to share Japan. 2) We need the USSR to think we have more, not just (though we really didn’t have more than 2)

35. “ We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by man. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29s can carry on a single mission. This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate. We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima … we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war . Our president has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender .”

36. Notes #31b , Title: “ End of WWII ” 4 ) 8/08/1945: Russia Declares War on Japan : Invades Jap. controlled Korea, agrees to stop at 38 parallel.

37. 5 ) 8/09/1945: Nagasaki : No surrender, 2 nd bomb dropped, 80,000 die.

38. 6) 8/15/1945: Japan Surrenders : Emperor Hirohito orders surrender. US General MacArthur controls Jap.

39. 6) 8/15/1945: Japan Surrenders : Emperor Hirohito orders surrender. US General MacArthur controls Jap.

40. 6) 8/15/1945: Japan Surrenders : Emperor Hirohito orders surrender. US General MacArthur controls Jap.

44. Journ #32a , “ Invade USSR ” 1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why . 2) Then write down what your partner thinks ( include their name at the end ). 1 2 3 4 5 CON: There has been enough war, let the Soviets decide their fate 1) If Soviets want to be abused by gov, so be it 2) Soviets spread ideology to buffer US expansion of power 3) No one wins vs. USSR PRO: Nazis had total power, ruled by violence, so does USSR, we must 1) If we learn anything, it’s we must defend those abused by their gov 2) USSR is trying to spread its ideology 3) Fight b4 they get nukes

45. Notes #32a , Title: “ End of WWII ” 1) WWII: 1939-1945 : 60 million dead, mostly civilian, $1 trillion spent (11: $11 tril), USSR the most losses

48. A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately light by the Allied victory. Nobody knows what Soviet Russia and its Communist international organization intends to do in the immediate future, or what are the limits, if any, to their expansive and proselytizing tendencies. I have a strong admiration and regard for the valiant Russian people and for my wartime comrade, Marshall Stalin. There is deep sympathy and goodwill in Britain -- and I doubt not here also -- towards the peoples of all the Russias and a resolve to persevere through many differences and rebuffs in establishing lasting friendships. We understand the Russian need to be secure on her western frontiers by the removal of all possibility of German aggression. We welcome Russia to her rightful place among the leading nations of the world. We welcome her flag upon the seas. Above all, we welcome, or should welcome, constant, frequent and growing contacts between the Russian people and our own people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is my duty however, for I am sure you would wish me to state the facts as I see them to you. It is my duty to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and, in some cases, increasing measure of control from Moscow. Athens alone -- Greece with its immortal glories -- is free to decide its future at an election under British, American and French observation. The Russian-dominated Polish Government has been encouraged to make enormous and wrongful inroads upon Germany, and mass expulsions of millions of Germans on a scale grievous and undreamed-of are now taking place. The Communist parties, which were very small in all these Eastern States of Europe, have been raised to pre-eminence and power far beyond their numbers and are seeking everywhere to obtain totalitarian control. Police governments are prevailing in nearly every case, and so far, except in Czechoslovakia, there is no true democracy. A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately light by the Allied victory. Nobody knows what Soviet Russia and its Communist international organization intends to do in the immediate future, or what are the limits, if any, to their expansive and proselytizing tendencies. I have a strong admiration and regard for the valiant Russian people and for my wartime comrade, Marshall Stalin… We understand the Russian need to be secure on her western frontiers by the removal of all possibility of German aggression. We welcome Russia to her rightful place among the leading nations of the world. …it is my duty however, for I am sure you would wish me to state the facts as I see them to you. It is my duty to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent ... Police governments are prevailing in nearly every case, and so far, except in Czechoslovakia, there is no true democracy .

49. 2 ) Iron Curtain (1946) : UK Churchill says an Iron Curtain has split Eur: West (US) vs. East (USSR)

50. Draw Germany Map

52. “ Nuremburg Project ” Denazification: To erase Nazi ideas from the German ppl (Ger. are needed as allies against Soviets) Nuremburg: Trials to try crimes against humanity (first time gov leaders tried for their actions) 1) Walk through your section and list any objects needed (+when) and questions that need answering (+tools needed) HW: To rehearse, research, annotate your sections, bring equip for MONDAY!!!

54. Rehearse, research, annotate your sections, to present in X minutes

56. 3 ) Berlin Blockade (6/1948 –6/1949) : USSR blocks access to US side of Berlin, US flies in supplies 275,000 planes, landing every 3 minutes

58. No homework. Workbook Check: If your name is called, drop off your workbook with Mr. Chiang ( if requested, points lost if your workbook is not turned in )