The document discusses the development of the first internationally accepted standard for geologic storage of carbon dioxide under the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It describes the ISO process for developing standards, including the roles of technical committees and participating countries. It provides details on ISO Technical Committee 265, which is responsible for developing CCS standards, including its organization, working groups, and efforts to develop standards related to carbon capture, transportation, storage, quantification and verification.

1. Session 2: Development of the First Internationally Accepted
Standard for Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide under
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Tuesday 18 March 2014, 0900 AEDT

2. Junior Professional Legal and Regulatory Tutorial Group
The Junior Professional Legal and Regulatory Tutorial Group is a Global CCS
Institute learning opportunity, presented by leading experts, that focuses on
developing the CCS legal and regulatory knowledge of junior professionals, recent
graduates and students.
Session 1
Sallie
Greenberg
Public Engagement RCSP Project Development and the Legal
Issues, Class VI permitting issues
Session 2
Steve
Carpenter
ISO process
Session 3
Diana
Poputoaia
EU Transposition of CCS Directive in Romania
Session 4 Andrew Gilder CCS in South Africa

3. Craig Hart
Craig Hart is the ENN Group Associate Professor at Renmin
University of China's School of Environment and Natural
Resources and a Lecturer at Johns Hopkins University's
Energy Policy and Climate program. As a practicing attorney,
he has over 15 years' experience practicing law in the fields of
project finance, carbon finance and capital markets. He has
represented project developers in the United States geologic
sequestration demonstration projects, in China on Ingtegrated
Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power projects under
China's 863 Program, and has advised industry groups and
international organizations on CCS policy and regulation in
the United States and Asia. He is currently conducting
separate studies of CCS regulation for Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation (APEC) and the Asian Development Bank
covering nine developing countries. He holds a PhD from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a JD from the
University of California at Berkeley.

4. Pamela Tomski
Pamela Tomski is the Senior Advisor, Policy and Regulatory –
Americas at the Global CCS Institute. She has over 15 years'
experience working globally on various aspects of carbon capture
and storage (CCS) technologies from building research,
development, and demonstration collaborations to education and
capacity building, regulatory frameworks, and policy and market
development. She is Founder & Director of the Research
Experience in Carbon Sequestration (RECS) program, the premier
US CCS education and training experience and career network for
young professionals; Advisory Board Member of the Southeast
Carbon Sequestration Technology Training Program, and CCUS
Research Coordination Network. Pamela has been active with the
US regional carbon sequestration partnerships, and served as
Director of Regulatory Compliance, Education and Outreach in the
Big Sky region.
She is also a member of the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) CCS Academic Task
Force, an expert peer reviewer for the International Energy Agency (IEA) Greenhouse Gas Technologies
Conference, and stakeholder to the IEA Clean Coal Centre. Pamela serves as a Senior Fellow at the
Atlantic Council, a Washington, DC-based think tank, with a focus on clean energy technologies,
including advanced fossil energy systems and CCS. She is an Adjunct Professor at Tuskegee University,
and Advisor to the Inter-University Student Initiative in Carbon Sequestration.

5. Steven Carpenter
Steven M. Carpenter is a Vice President with Advanced Resources
International, Inc. He has 25 years of experience in the energy, mining,
federal, and international contracting industries. He is an internationally
recognized Subject Matter Expert for climate change policy, carbon,
and risk management issues. Mr. Carpenter’s clientele include the
Canadian Standards Association (CSA), International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), the Interstate Oil & Gas Compact Commission
(IOGCC), the Energy Mineral Law Foundation (EMLF), the Southern
States Energy Board (SSEB), the World Bank/International Finance
Corporation, EPA, DOE, DOD, USACE, USAID, USTDA, and the
Country of Turkey. Mr. Carpenter is a certified Greenhouse Gas Verifier
& Quantifier under ISO 14064, 14065, and 17024. Mr. Carpenter is the
Chair and Head of Delegation for the US Technical Advisory Group
(TAG) to ISO TC-265: Carbon dioxide capture, transportation, and geological storage. Mr. Carpenter
received the Lifetime Gubernatorial appointment to the esteemed rank of the Executive Order of the
Ohio Commodore. He is a Trustee of the Energy Mineral Law Foundation, a member of the Advisory
Board to the International Pittsburgh Coal Conference at the Swanson School of Engineering, at the
University of Pittsburgh. Mr. Carpenter holds a Master’s degree in Conflict Analysis and
Engagement of Environmental Public Policy from Antioch University and a Bachelor’s degree in
Physics from Earlham College and will complete his Ph.D. next year.

6. QUESTIONS
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7. 7
Prepared for:
Junior Professional Legal & Regulatory Tutorial Group
Prepared By:
Steven M Carpenter, VP
Batavia (Cincinnati), OH USA
17 March 2014
TC-265: Development of the First
Internationally Accepted Standard for Geologic
Storage of Carbon Dioxide under International
Organization for Standardization (ISO)

8. 8
The material in this Presentation is intended for general information only. Any use of this
material in relation to any specific application should be based on independent examination
and verification of its unrestricted applicability for such use and on a determination of
suitability for the application by professionally qualified personnel. No license under any
Advanced Resources International, Inc., patents or other proprietary interest is implied by
the publication of this Presentation. Those making use of or relying upon the material
assume all risks and liability arising from such use or reliance.
Disclaimer

9. 9
TC-265: CCS under ISO
1 Why CCS?
2 Standards
3 Z-741
4 ISO process
5 Next Steps
6 Questions, Comments, Concerns

10. 10
1: Why CCS?

11. 11
President’s Climate Action Plan:
Three overarching themes
11
Mitigation (emissions reduction)
 ALL OF THE ABOVE Scenario
 Efficiency, Renewables, Nuclear, Gas
 Coal with CCS/CCUS
Adaptation and resilience
 Smart, reliable grid
 Key infrastructure investments
International Partnerships
 China and Asia
 Coordinated intl. efforts
Source: Dr. S. Julio Friedmann, Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of Clean Coal, presented at GCCSI
Americas Forum, Washington, DC, 27 FEB 2014

12. 12
President Obama’s Climate Action Plan
focuses on
US power sector CO2 emissions
12
• ~20 directives and initiatives to reduce US GHG emissions.
• The EPA WILL complete CO2 performance standards for power
plants under the Clean Air Act
Final ruleDraft rule
2013 2014 2016 20172015
20 Sept.
2013
1 June
2014
1 June
2015
30 June
2016
State implementation plans
New presidentElection year
CO2 NSPS – New Source
Performance Standards*
CO2 ESPS – Existing Source
Performance Standards
2014–15
Source: Dr. S. Julio Friedmann, Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of Clean Coal, presented at GCCSI
Americas Forum, Washington, DC, 27 FEB 2014

13. 13
CCS is Vital
Source: Brad Page, CEO, Global CCS Institute, presented at Institute Americas Forum, Washington DC, 27 Feb 2014
Importance of
CCS
acknowledged
CCS identified as an essential
technology in limiting temperature
increase to 2°C
International Energy Agency
Wide adoption of CCS part of the scenario that achieves
450 ppm atmospheric stabilization level for CO2
World Energy Council
Availability of CCS is critical for
producing 450 ppm
Energy Modeling Forum
27 Study
CCS is an important technology in
the long run…deployment to drive
down costs is desirable
UK Committee on Climate
Change
Commercial demonstration of CCS essential
for deployment in the 2030 timeframe
European Commission
CCS to be cost effective when
transformational technologies emerge
US Climate Action Report 2014

14. 14
Significant global policy & regulatory developments
• US EPA releases proposals
dealing with power plant CO2
emissions and geologic carbon
storage
United States
• Alberta Government releases
final draft of the Regulatory
Framework Assessment report
Canada
• COP 19 held in Warsaw
• Focus on universal post-2020 climate
agreement in Paris, in 2015
Global
• UK Energy Act receives Royal
Assent and becomes law
United Kingdom
• EC proposes climate targets out to 2030
• European Parliament supports MEP
Chris Davies’ report on CCS in Europe
Continental Europe
Source: Brad Page, CEO, Global CCS Institute, presented at Institute Americas Forum, Washington DC, 27 Feb 2014

15. 15
DOE 10th Annual CCS Conference
“Building on a Decade of Progress to Assure Commercial
Deployment”…
Stuart Dalton, Director of Generation, EPRI concluded his
plenary presentation discussing EOR as it relates to
CCS…
“Policy trumps funding and funding
trump technology”
…CCS as a CDM is not a technological issue, and CO2-
EOR is one way to achieve commercial deployment!

16. 16
EPA’s Regulatory ―Train Wreck‖
Source: Edison Electric Institute and Dick Winschel, CONSOL Energy

17. 17
CCS Regulatory ―Train Wreck‖

18. 18
CCS deployment
“Policy trumps funding and
funding trump technology”…
 CCS deployment is not a technological
issue
 CCS deployment is a policy issue
 CCS deployment is a regulatory issue
 CCS is an approved CDM under UNFCCC

19. 19
CCS deployment
Source: Dr. S. Julio Friedmann, Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of Clean Coal, presented at Global CCS
Institute Americas Forum, Washington DC, 27 Feb 2014

20. 20
What is a CDM?
 Clean Development Mechanism, established
under the Kyoto Protocol
 Managed by the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
 Primary International Offset Program for
GHG reduction in developing countries
 Generates Certified Emission Reductions
(CER) or “carbon credits” = financial
mechanism for implementation
 Carbon must monetized and tradable

21. 21
GHG offset under CDM must be:
1. Additional(ity) – in addition to BAU
2. Measurable – MVA, MMV, MRV
3. Independently Audited – 3rd party, no
OCI
4. Unambiguously Owned – based clearly
on domestic and international law, no
double counting
5. Address/Account for leakage – outside of
the project boundary – MVA, MMV, MRV
6. Permanent – non-reversible

22. 22
2: Standards

23. 23
What are Standards?
 Consensus based
 Designed as a rule, guideline or definition
 Revisable and updateable
 Voluntary
 Standards must fit to purpose:
– Prescriptive based
– Objectives based
– Performance based
– Principles based
– Hybrids

24. 24
Why Standards?
 Because they are not laws…
– Standards & regulations can work together
 Not Mandated
 Typically initiated by industry…
– And therefore better received and used by
industry because they are part of the process
 Demonstrate regulatory compliance
 Streamline the regulatory process
 Harmonize across jurisdictions

25. 25
Harmonization
March 12, 2014 NSPS
Testimony to the US
House Science
Committee
Best Available
Control
Technology
(BACT)

26. 26
Must INCLUDE any and all…
• UNFCCC - IPCC
• ISO
• EU European Directives
• USDOE
• USEPA
• NGO’s (WRI, Global CCS Institute, etc.)
• Federal, Provincial, State regulations
• Future expected directives

27. 27
3: Z-741-12

28. 28
World's first formally recognized CCS
standard – Geologic Storage
Z-742-12 Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide
 International Standards Organization - 31000, 17024,
14064, 14065
 International Performance Assessment Centre for
Geologic Storage of CO2 – Seed document
 Canadian Standards Association - ISO Secretariat,
standards developer
 Bi-national agreement between USA & Canada

29. 29
Why is Z-741-12 important?
1. Additional(ity) – in addition to BAU
2. Measurable – MVA, MMV, MRV
3. Independently Audited – 3rd party, no OCI
4. Unambiguously Owned – based clearly
on domestic and international law, no
double counting
5. Address/Account for leakage – outside of
the project boundary – MVA, MMV, MRV
6. Permanent – non-reversible

30. 30
Brought together 2 nations…

31. 31
TOC and Life Cycle
1. Scope
2. Reference publications
3. Definitions
4. Management systems
5. Site screening, selection,
and characterization
6. Risk management
7. Well infrastructure
development
8. Monitoring & verification
9. Closure

32. 32
Irony of all Ironies…
Beer, Pizza & Hockey…40 = 52 = 47

33. 33
4: ISO Process

34. 34
ISO = A Global System

35. 35
ISO Standards Development

36. 36
ISO Standards Development
• ISO does not write standards
• Technical Committees write standards
• P-Member countries approve standards
• Nations adopt ISO standards
• ISO does not influence the technical content

37. 37
ISO Documents & Timeframes
International Standard (IS)
Technical Specification (TS)
Publically Available Specification (PAS)
Technical Report (TR)
Three (3) years to draft a document
Two (2) years to approve (consensus) a document
> 5 years = Not ready for prime time

38. 38
ISO TC 265 – CCS Organization
Participants
Members
Twined
Secretariat
Canada &
China
Countries
P-Member
Nations
O-Member
Nations
Liaisons
NGOs &
Liaisons
US TAG

39. 39
ISO TC 265 – P-Members
Participating Countries:
Australia Malaysia
Canada Netherlands
China Norway
France South Africa
Germany Spain
India Sweden
Italy Switzerland
Japan United Kingdom
Korea United States (ANSI)
 Voting
Members
 Guaranteed
International
Expert
Participation
on all WGs

40. 40
ISO TC 265 – O-Members
Observing Countries:
Argentina Iran
Brazil New Zealand
Czech Rep. Serbia
Egypt Sri Lanka
Finland
 Non-voting
Members
 May request
International
Expert
Participation
on all WGs
 May upgrade
to P-Member
at any time

41. 41
ISO TC 265 – Liaisons
• ISO TC207 Environmental Management
• ISO TC67 Petroleum and Natural Gas
• CEN/TC 234 Gas Infrastructure
• Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF)
• European Industrial Gases Association (EIGA)
• Global CCS Institute (GCCSI)
• International Energy Association (IEA)
• IEAGHG
• CO2 GeoNet
• World Resources Institute (WRI)
 Non-voting
Members
 Guaranteed
International
Expert
Participation
on all WGs

42. 42
TC-265 Working Groups
TC-265
WG1
Capture
WG2
Transportation
WG3
Storage
WG4
Q&V (MVA)
WG5
Cross-Cutting
WG6
CO2-EOR

43. 43
WG1: Capture
Technical Report (TR):
 Pre-, post-, & oxyfuel combustion capture
 Industrial processes
 Separation, purification
 Dehydration, compression and pumping
 Liquefaction, installation, operation, maintenance
 Quality of CO2 streams
 Monitoring, management systems
 Plant retrofitting
 4 US
Members
 All have lead
author roles

44. 44
WG2: Transportation
Pipeline transportation systems boundaries:
• Pipelines not currently
covered by existing
ISO/TC-67 standards
• Health, safety and
environment (HSE)
aspects specific to
transport
• Monitoring of CO2
 2 US Members

45. 45
WG3: Storage
Geological storage of carbon dioxide; Canada
(Onshore) Japan (Offshore):
 Z-741-12 as seed document
 Site selection
 Site characterization
 Risk assessment & management
 Well construction
 Closure
 Post-closure
 8 US
Members
 Many have
lead or co-
lead author
roles

46. 46
WG4: Quantification & Verification
Quantification & Verification Methodology
(TR); Led by China, with support from
France:
 Project boundary & leakage
 CO2 quantification
 Monitoring and reporting
 Third party verification
 Life Cycle Analysis
 4 US
Members

47. 47
WG5: Crosscutting Issues
Definitions & Vocabulary; Led by France, with
support from China:
 Terminology
 Definitions
 System Integration
 Public Participation & Engagement
 Mixing of gas streams from different sources
 7 US
Members
 Many have
lead or co-
lead author
roles

48. 48
WG6: CO2-EOR
Carbon Dioxide Storage using EOR; led by
USA, with support from Norway:
• Low-pressure subsurface oil
field operating environments
• Reservoir & pore space
management
• Manage known lateral
stratigraphic traps in the
target formation
• Coordination with WGs1-5
 14 US Members
 1 - Norway
 5 - Canada
 2 – China
 2 - Japan
 2 - IEA
 26 Total Members
Expected:
 France
 UK
 Liaisons

49. 49
5: Next Steps

50. 50
Next Steps…
 Three plenary meetings to date – Europe & Asia
 April 2014 – WG & Plenary Meeting – Berlin
 Summer 2014 – US TAG meeting – Cleveland
 Fall 2014 – WG & Plenary Meeting – TBD
 Spring 2015 – WG & Plenary Meeting – Norway
 36 months to deliver draft
 24 months to resolve issues
 THE CLOCK IS RUNNING

51. 51
6: Questions, Comments,
Discussion…

52. 52
Questions & Discussion
1. How are ISO standards developed
and how do they relate to a legal
framework for advancing CCS?
2. What different approaches are there to
drafting to ISO standards, and their
advantages and disadvantages?
3. How is the ISO process addressing
the subject of managing risk for stored
CO2?

53. 53
Questions & Discussion
4. Would the Class VI be a suitable model for
international standard and how might an
international organization supervise a
permitting program?
5. What are any key differences between US
and EU regulatory processes regarding
public engagement?
6. Is there something similar to the EU's
"transfer of responsibility" requirement in
the US?

54. 54
Questions & Discussion
7. In Berlin, the USTAG members will address
the issue of “boundary conditions”. What
thoughts/ideas/suggestions can you
provide to the USTAG for the Berlin WG
meetings?
8. In Berlin, the USTAG members will address
the issue of “CO2-EOR”. What
thoughts/ideas/suggestions can you
provide to the USTAG for the Berlin WG
meetings?

55. 55
Washington, DC
4501 Fairfax Drive, Suite 910
Arlington, VA 22203
Phone: (703) 528-8420
Fax: (703) 528-0439
Houston, Texas
11931 Wickchester Lane
Suite 200
Houston, TX 77043-4574
Phone: (281) 558-6569
Fax: (281) 558-9202
Cincinnati, Ohio
1282 Secretariat Court
Batavia, OH 45103
Phone: (513) 460-0360
scarpenter@adv-res.com
Advanced
Resources
International
www.adv-res.com
Thank You

56. 56
Back-up, Supporting Slides, &
Further Reading

57. 57
Further Reading
BUSINESS PLAN - ISO/TC 265 Carbon Dioxide Capture,
Transportation and Geological Storage (CCS)
http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2122/687806/ISO_TC_265__Carbon_di
oxide_capture%2C_transportation_and_geological_storage_%28CCS%29_.pdf?nod
eid=15401380&vernum=-2
ISO Standards Catalogue
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_tc_browse.htm?c
ommid=648607&development=on
CCS Standards in the Energy Industry
https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33080119/download_file?st=MTM5
NDcxNTYxOSw3NC4yMTUuMi4yNDcsMjQ0Mjk0NQ%3D%3D&ct=MTM5N
DcxNTYyMSwyNDQyOTQ1

58. 58
Further Reading
Carbon Sequestration: Critical Property Rights and Legal
Liabilities — Real Impediments or Red Herrings?
https://www.academia.edu/6205676/Carbon_Sequestration_Critical_Proper
ty_Rights_and_Legal_Liabilities_-_Real_Impediments_or_Red_Herrings
A Multi-Quadrant Analysis of Two International Climate Change
Mitigation Projects
https://www.academia.edu/4035065/A_Multi-
Quadrant_Analysis_of_Two_International_Climate_Change_Mitigation_Pro
jects

59. 59
US TAG Membership
Role, Requested Expert Membership to
International WG
Affiliation
Carpenter Steven Chair, Head of Delegation, WG2 & WG6 Advanced Resources
Weis Julie Project Manager - US TAG to TC-264 CSA
Cairns Julie Sr. PM, Assistant PM for US TAG to TC-265 CSA
Ehlers Peter PgM - Alternative Energy, CSA CSA
Batum Melissa BOEM
Coddington Kipp WG3 & WG6 NACCSA
Comello Stephen WG5 Stanford
Duguid Andrew WG3 & WG6 Schlumberger
Ekmann Jim WG1 Leonardo Tech
Esposito Richard WG3 & WG6 Southern Company
Feldman Arnie WG1 & WG5 JJD Environmental
Forbes Sarah WG5 WRI
Frailey Scott WG3 & WG6 Illinois GS
Greenberg Sallie WG5 Illinois GS
Herzog Howard WG1 MIT
Hill Bruce WG6 CATF
Hovorka Sue WG6 UT-BEG
Hnottavange-Telleen Ken WG5 Schlumberger
Jenvey Nigel WG6 BP
Koperna George WG6 Advanced Resources
Marston Phil WG5 & WG6 Marston Law
Mohaghegh Shahab WG4 & WG6 WVU
Pashin Jack WG3 OSU
Ripepi Nino WG4 VT
Sams Kimberly WG3 SSEB
Schnacke Greg WG2 & WG6 Denbury
Surface Michael WG1 Dominion
Thomas Burt WG4 USGS
Van Voorhees Bob WG3 & WG5 & WG6 USCCSA
Wade Sarah WG4 & WG6 Wade, LLC
Woods Mark WG1 Booz Allen Hamilton
Members

60. 60

61. 61

62. 62

63. 63

64. 64

65. 65

66. 66

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