Ppt science u1 lesson 3 (types of investigation)

Unit 1 Lesson 3 What Are Some Types of Investigations?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

A Process for Science
Start with a Question
• A scientific investigation always begins with a
question.
• Scientists observe the world and then ask
questions based on their observations.

Plan an Investigation
• Scientific methods are ways that scientists
perform investigations.
• Investigations can be planned once a scientist has
a testable question.
• There are many different scientific methods for
investigating the world.

Investigations Differ
• The method a scientist uses to conduct an
investigation depends on the question being
investigated.
• An investigation in which all of the conditions are
controlled is called an experiment.
• Models are used to represent real objects or
processes, and repeated observations are used to
study processes in nature without disturbing them.

Drawing Conclusions
• Whatever scientific methods are used, scientists
will have results they can use to draw conclusions.
• Conclusions can answer the question scientists
asked before they began.
• Conclusions may also point to other questions and
provide ideas for more investigations.

Explosive Observations
• Some science questions are too big, too far away,
or too uncontrollable for experiments.
• Repeated observations can help answer these
questions and can help predict future events.

Explosive Observations
• How do scientists predict the locations of future
volcanic eruptions?

Super Models
When Modeling Is Needed
• Scientists use models when they cannot
experiment with the real thing.
• Scientists draw conclusions and make predictions
by studying their models.

Super Models
Types of Models
• Physical models simulate a real object or event.
• Computer simulation models show future or past
events.
• Drawing diagrams and flow charts show how ideas
are related.

How to Excel in Experimentation
Ask Questions
• Scientific questions can be answered by doing
experiments. An experiment tests a hypothesis.
• Make observations before stating a hypothesis.

Hypothesize
• A hypothesis is a statement that can be tested
and explains what can happen in an investigation.
• You can form a hypothesis by thinking about what
you already know, talking to other people, and
doing research.

Design an Experiment
• Experiments can have two or more setups for
comparing results.
• Variables are any conditions in an experiment
that can be changed. Most experiments have
many variables, but only one is tested.
• The control is the setup to which all other setups
will be compared.

Carry Out the Procedure
• A procedure is the steps scientists follow in an
experiment.
• Procedures are often repeated.
• Repeating procedures gives scientists more
evidence to support their conclusions.

Record and Analyze Data
• Recording data correctly is important. There are
many ways to record data.
• Once data are recorded, you can analyze the
results to draw conclusions.

Draw Conclusions and Evaluate the
Hypothesis
• All conclusions must be supported with evidence
in order to have a stronger conclusion.
• Once you’ve reached a conclusion, evaluate your
hypothesis to determine if it is supported.
• Scientists build on what they learn by rethinking
their hypothesis or designing new experiments.

Special Delivery: Data Displays
• Line graphs show change over time.
• Circle graphs compare parts to the whole.

Special Delivery: Data Displays
• Diagrams show data that do not include numbers.
• Bar graphs compare things or groups of things.

Ppt science u1 lesson 3 (types of investigation)

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