Frascati Scienza is a non-profit organization that has organized the annual European Researchers' Night event in Italy for 12 years, involving over 50 partner institutions across 30 Italian cities. The 2018-2019 theme will be "Be a Citizen Scientist", encouraging public participation in mini citizen science projects with researchers. Over the past years the event has grown from involving 3 research centers and 70 participants in 2006 to over 50 partners and 50,000 visitors in 2017. Science communication aims to communicate science topics to non-experts through various means, and also includes communication between scientists and with policymakers. However, science popularization also risks mystification, exploitation of results, and limitations on science freedom, requiring responsibility from researchers.

1. Science Communication
a New Frontier of Researcher's Job
G. Mazzitelli LNF-INFN - Frascati Scienza
gmazzitelligiovannimazzitelli.blog

2. European Researchers' Night
The European Researchers' Night is a project promoted by the European
Commission through a biennial call for 8 million euro (12 since 2018) of MSCA to
perform the last Friday of September a festival dedicated to bring
RESEARCHERS and PUBLIC AT LARGE closer to each other and at stimulating
young people to embark on scientific CAREERS. Involve more then 300
European cities, 50 Italian cities, 30 of which under the coordination of Frascati
Scienza
Frascati Scienza is a non-profit association of researchers and the public,
supported by public institutions, universities and by the major Italian research
centres that organised since 12 years the European Researchers' Night,
transforming the Tuscolana area and Rome in the epicentre of Italian research.

3. Science Communication
Science communication is the communication of science topics to non-
experts. This involves professional scientists ("outreach" or
"popularization"), but also professional of the communication field. It
includes science manifestation, exhibitions, journalism, policy or media
production, blogging, use of social network, ecc.
Science communication also includes communication between scientists
(for instance through scientific journals), as well as between scientists and
non-scientists, policy makers, industries, entrepreneurs, ecc. (especially
during public controversies over science and in citizen science initiatives)

4. Frascati scienza #ERN in numbers
In 2017: about 50.000 visitors were counted,
more then 900 researchers were involved, 30
millions people were aware about ERN messages,
with more then 500 press/tv/web outcome.
We have started in 2006 with 3 research centres located in the Frascati area, we are now more
than 50 partners spread over 30 Italian cities
>20 millions of visualisations of the science pills
and prize for no profit awareness campaign
CERN, EMC

5. The Science and Scientist Bias

6. stereotypebias

7. age bias

8. genderbias

9. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/EDN-20180210-1

10. technologicalbias

11. methodology bias
credits Prof Svein Sjøberg UiO
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a
worldwide study by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development (OECD) in member and non-member nations
intended to evaluate educational systems by measuring 15-year-old
school pupils' scholastic performance on mathematics, science, and
reading

13. http://senseaboutscience.org/activities/public-engagement-guide/

14. social bias

15. scientific literacy
theEconomist

16. Don't Be The Turkey
[…] There is a risk of ending up like
Bertrand Russell and Karl Popper's famous
Inductivist Turkey.
Russell presented the example of a turkey
that was very well cared for, receiving food
and water every day. The turkey got used to
this comfortable situation, feeling
increasingly secure and confident. The
turkey's trust grew every day before being
broken suddenly (and tragically, at least from
the point of view of the turkey) on
Thanksgiving Day!
Russell used the poor turkey to demonstrate
the inductivist trap: the risk of believing that
the past contains all the useful
information we need on the future. […]
https://www.gam.com/en/insights-content/anti-panic-manual-don-t-be-the-turkey/

17. bias in science communication
• stereotype bias
• age bias
• gender bias
• technological bias
• methodology bias (literacy)
• social bias

18. E R N 2 0 1 8 - 2 0 1 9 T H E M E :
B E E S
B E A C I T I Z E N S C I E N T I S T
“BE A CITIZEN SCIENTIST” WILL BE THE SLOGAN OF EUROPEAN
R E S E A R C H E R S ' N I G H T O R G A N I Z E D B Y F R A S C A T I S C I E N Z A I N 3 6
ITALIAN CITIES. 59 PARTNERS - RESEARCH CENTRES, EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTES, UNIVERSITIES, CULTURAL AND SCIENTIFIC CENTRES AND
A S S O C I A T I O N S O F S C I E N C E C O M M U N I C A T I O N - W I L L W O R K
T O G E T H E R W I T H C I T I Z E N S T O I N C R E A S E T H E S P R E A D A N D
RELEVANCE OF THE MESSAGE THAT SCIENCE AND THE RESEARCHERS'
W O R K H A V E T O B E A C T I V E L Y P A R T I C I P A T E D B Y T H E S O C I E T Y .
EVENTS WILL BE DESIGNED TO INVOLVE THE PUBLIC, IN PARTICULAR
YOUNG PEOPLE, TO BE CO-PROTAGONIST. CITIZENS NOT ONLY IN
THE DEBATE ABOUT SCIENCE BUT THRILLING THEM IN DIRECTLY
E X P E R I E N C E T H E D I S C O V E R Y O F S C I E N C E . C I T I Z E N S W I L L
P A R T I C I P A T E I N M I N I C I T I Z E N S C I E N C E P R O J E C T S W O R K I N G
TOGETHER WITH RESEARCHERS.
2 0 1 8 E U R O P E A N Y E A R O F T H E C U L T U R A L H E R I T A G E

19. 2 0 0 6 — > 2 0 1 7 - P R O J E C T ( R ) E V O L U T I O N
• 2006 - COME IN (Condividiamo Mille Emozioni Insieme - Lets share thousand emotions together)
• 2007 - AGORA’ (AlleGria Oltre la Ricerca - enjoy beyond/with research/ers)
• 2008 - The EOS (Eyes On Researchers)
• 2009 - SAY (Scientist Around Youth)
• 2010 - BEST (focus on collaboration with European partners, ERASMUS MC/CERN)
• 2011 - BRAIN (Be in contact with Research And its Institutions Network for a night)
• 2012 - RESPEcT (RESearchers - Pure Energy from Tip to Toe)
• 2013 - TRAiL (Taste the ReseArchers‟ Life)
• 2014/15 - DREAMS (focus on Sustainability and Responsibility of Science -RRI )
• 2016/17 - MADE IN SCIENCE (focus on effective benefits of science)
• 2017/18 - BEES (focus on participated and collaborated science)
deficit model —> dialogue model —> participative model

20. the Method: be pop, Be science
meets the researchers
research infrastructure visits
remote labs
science theatres
science tours
research @ hospitalsspeed dates
interviews & debates
science exhibit
public lectures
research @ square
roundtables

21. the effort growth
38
82
181
205
240
70 70
91
171 165
63
155
287
406
385
23 43 37 52 53
0
125
250
375
500
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
# of press outcome
# of web outcome
# of ERN events
# of partners
2013 2014 2016 20172015

22. audience
recentex-postresults
40% < 30
46% -> 6-7-8
how many editions did you attended?
gender

23. B L O G G E R S , R E P O R T E R S , S O C I A L M E D I A M A N A G E R S

24. @frascatiscienza #ERN #humansofERN

25. frascatiscienza.it magazine
2015 2017
magazine impact
science pills post
impact

27. the risks of a science popularisation &
science evolution due to society evolution
• mystification: vaccines, autism, ogm, homeopathy, xylella history, …
• feedback risks: turkey example, funds coercion, science freedom limitation, …
• exploitation of science and science results (positive or negative) to argue “my”
theses: conspiracy theories, democracy, populism…
• evaluation, JIF, predatory publishers: fake paper (open-source-pear review) and
conferences…

28. researchers & communication responsibility
(RRI nut not only)
bad news
predatory publishers growth
researchers who have
published more than 72
articles in a year

29. Eurobarometer: PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF SCIENCE,
RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm
scienceandtechnology
wewillhaveapositiveimpact
people’s behaviour and action will have a positive impact
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 [%]
[%]
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25

30. Eurobarometer: PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF
SCIENCE, RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
“On most issues, respondents in all countries are more likely to think that positive impacts can be
achieved through science and innovation than through people’s actions and behaviour. A notable
exception is the reduction of inequalities, which is seen in most countries as more of an area for
human intervention.
The issue of job creation is one of the two most prioritized by Europeans when they are asked
which issues science and technology innovation should focus on over the next 15 years.
However, respondents in some countries tend to believe less in the capacity of science and
technological innovation to have a positive impact on this issue […]
However, there are substantial differences from country to country when it comes to the
expectation of whether science and innovation, and also people’s actions and behaviour, can
have positive impacts. Respondents in some countries are very optimistic about these issues,
notably those in the Nordic countries, Ireland, Malta and Spain.
On the other hand, respondents in Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Greece and Italy have
consistently lower expectations that there will be positive changes over the next 15 years either
through science and technological innovation or through the behaviour of citizens.”
http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm

31. impact of science communication
scientists
environmental
associations
priests and
religious
journalists
citizens
associations
entrepreneurs
policy maker
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
most credible interlocutors for scientific subjects
2009
2011
2013
2015
people interviewed believes this is
mainly related to the growth of
information, science manifestation,
science shows and the closer
connection with researchers.
let me work - 25%
I have to communicate - 23%
do it together - 18%
is important
- 18%
i explain you - 18%
attitudes of researchers
science literacy

32. A W A R D E D T H R E E T I M E S : X I V E D I T I O N O F P R I C E S A N B E R N A R D I N O
“ P U B B L I C I T À S O C I A L M E N T E R E S P O N S A B I L E N E L L A C A T E G O R I A N O
P R O F I T ” , O C T O B E R 2 0 1 6 ; P R I C E B A Y E R “ X I I E D I Z I O N E D I
C O R T I N A M E T R A G G I O ” , C O R T I N A , I T A L Y , M A R C H
2 0 1 7 ; A W A R D E D A T 1 3 R D E D I T I O N O F C I N E M A I T A L I A N S T Y L E , L O S
A N G E L E S 1 6 - 3 1 N O V E M B E R 2 0 1 7
DirectedbyAlessioLauriaeFrancescoLettieri,writtenbyMirkoCetrangolo,AlessioLauriaeFrancescoLettieri
andwithGianlucaMusiuandthevoceofChiaraColizzi

33. Thank you…
Thank you
A C O C K T A I L
E X C U S E M E ,
W H A T A R E
Y O U D O I N G ?
B E E S E R N 2 0 1 8
C R E D I T S :
H T T P : / / W W W . F R A S C A T I S C I E N Z A . I T /
gmazzitelligiovannimazzitelli.blog