2. What is narrative?
• A narrative is a story that is created in a constructive format as
a work of speech, writing, song, film, television, video games,
photography or theatre that describes a sequence of fictional or
non-fictional events.
The human mind needs
narrative to make sense
of things.
http://www.mediaknowall.com/as_alevel/al
evkeyconcepts/alevelkeycon.php?pageID
=narrative
3. Types of narratives
• Flashbacks- This is when more than one voice is
telling the story. Different points of views or
characters are given. E.g. the film note book. An
elderly man reads from a notebook to an elderly
woman about a story between two young lovers,
Allie and Noah.
http://www.teachit.co.uk/att
achments/5023.pdf
• Multi-narrative- A story within a story within a
story again.
4. • Tvzetan todorov narrative structure- Is generally described as the structural framework that
underlies the order and manner in which a narrative is presented to a reader, listener, or
viewer.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N
arrative_structure
• Is a philosopher and cultural critic and the author of over 20 books. Born in Sofia, Bulgaria,
he has lived in France since 1963.
5. • Tvzetan todorov equilibrium,disequilbrium and new
equilibrium.
• The fictional environment begins with a state of equilibrium everything is as it should be
It then suffers some disruption (disequilibrium)
3. New equilibrium is produced at the end of the narrative
http://abibecbill.blogspot.
There are five stages the narrative can progress through: com/2010/02/tzvetan-
• A state of equilibrium (all is as it should be) todorovs-equilibrium-
• A disruption of that order by an event abigail.html
• A recognition that the disorder has occurred
• An attempt to repair the damage of the disruption
• A return or restoration of a NEW equilibrium
• Tvzetan has published a total of 21 books. Tzvetan Todorov was born on March 1,
1939, in Sofia, Bulgaria, to Todor Borov Todorov, a university professor, and the
former Haritina Todorova, a librarian. After taking his M.A.
http://www.enotes.com/tzvetan-todorov-
salem/tzvetan-todorov
6. • Claude Levi Strauss- http://en.wikipedia.or
• Lévi-Strauss in 2005 g/wiki/Claude_L%C
• Full name Claude Lévi-Strauss
3%A9vi-Strauss
• Born 28 November 1908(1908-11-28)
• Brussels, Belgium
• Died 30 October 2009(2009-10-30) (aged 100)
• Paris, France
• Narrative conflict is a concept in literary studies that seeks to analyse plots by finding their driving sources of
conflict.
• Binary opposition- is a subtle way in which texts are subconsciously interpreter by readers and listeners.
http://www.english
biz.co.uk/downloa
ds/binaryoppositio
n.pdf
7. • Vladimir Propp http://www.ealmanac.com/3114/numbers/the-seven-
character-types-of-vladimir-propp /
Characters types
• The villain—struggles against the hero
• The donor—prepares the hero or gives the hero some magical object
• The (magical) helper—helps the hero in the quest
• The princess and her father—gives the task to the hero, identifies the false hero, marries the hero, often sought for during the narrative.
Propp noted that functionally, the princess and the father can not be clearly distinguished
• The dispatcher—character who makes the lack known and sends the hero off.
• The hero or victim/seeker hero—reacts to the donor, weds the princess
• False hero—takes credit for the hero’s actions or tries to marry the princess.
Sunday, January 6, 2008Vladimir Propp’s Character Roles ~
Propp was a scholar that analysed the basic components of Russian folk tales. Here are the broad character types that he presented in his
book, "Morphology of the Folk Tale".
1) Villain: Fights with the hero. Involved in a pursuit.
2) Donor: Provides the hero with a magical agent.
http://somepsychoticra
3) Helper: Often accompanies the hero. May reappear to help at critical moments. mblings.blogspot.com/
4) Princess: She assigns tasks to the hero. 2008/01/vladimir-
5) The Father of the Princess: Often is hostile to the hero. May also assign tasks to the hero
propps-character-
roles.html
8. • Vladimir propp films
introduce his Character film theory: (key
terms: all of the different types of
characters and their purpose
9. • Erving goffmans- greatest contribution to social theory is his formulation of symbolic interaction as
dramaturgical perspective in his 1959 book The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, which begins with an
epigraph by George Santayana about masks.
• Erving Goffman's (1959) character theory suggests that there are four main types of broad character in a
media text or production;
• The protagonist (leading character)
• The deuterogamist (secondary character)
• The bit player (minor character whose specific background the audience is not aware of)
• The fool (a character that uses humour to convey messages)
http://www.google.co.uk/search?q
=Modern+Character+theorists+of+
John+Campbell&hl=en&source=hp
&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=1797l1797l0l2
594l1l1l0l0l0l0l62l62l1l1l0&oq=Mo
dern+Character+theorists+of+John
+Campbell&aq=f&aqi=&aql=1
10. • John Campbell- Campbell appeared in season 6 of the successful New Zealand TV series Outrageous
Fortune and frequently appeared in the animated series bro'Town.
• Selected references on Personality Structure
• Campbell, J. B. (2008). Modern personality theories: What have we gained, what have we lost? In G.
Boyle, G. Matthews, and D. Saklofske, The Sage handbook of personality theory and assessment. Vol 1
Personality theories and models (pp. 190-212). Los Angeles: Sage Publishers.
http://www.fandm.edu/ps
ychology/facilities/psycho
pathology-personality-
and-social-psychology-
labs
