A Constructivist-Process View of (De-)Radicalisation: A Person-Context Diagram

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A general schema by Guillem Feixas & David A. Winter, 2016 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Ciências

A Constructivist-ProcessView of
(De-)Radicalisation:
A Person-Context Diagram
Guillem Feixas (UB) and David A. Winter (UH)
January, 2016

Construing
processes
Turning
points
Situational
factors
Infancy Adolescence Crisis Conversion Engagement
Disappoint-
ment
Disengagement
The Person
The Context
Family/Personal Adversity
Trauma/Neglect
Social Rejection/
Isolation
Dysfunctional family processes
Perceived
Grievance
Humiliation
Identiﬁcation/
Identity Fusion
Indoctrination
Militancy:
- support
- terrorism
- recruitment
Cohesive Social Validation
Massive
Invalidation
Uncertainty
Identity/
Religious conﬂict
Massive
Invalidation
Polarised &
Undifferentiated
Construct System
Lack of Social Validation
High construct
Differentiation
Unidimensional
Construing
Total Certainty
Lack of
Social
Validation Social
Validation
Towards
an Alternative
Life Project
Conﬂict with
organization
Enrolment
in de-radi-
calisation
programs
Escape/
Repatriation
Contact with
radicalised
people &
charismatic
leaders
(Internet,
phone, etc)
Familial-like
bonds with
organization
members
Disconnection from family & friends
Feixas & Winter, 2016

All this happens in a broader
context ….
✤ International political conﬂicts
✤ Religious confrontation between fundamentalisms
(vs. respect, ecumenism)
✤ Social Marginalisation & Stigmatization
(vs. social integration)
✤ Social Conﬂict & Economic inequalities
(vs. socioeconomic justice)
Feixas & Winter, 2016

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Guillem Feixas

En este estudio descriptivo transversal se exploran algunas características cognitivas y sintomáticas de 13 pacientes consultantes con Síndrome del Intestino Irritable (SII) comparados con una muestra de 63 sujetos no consultantes sin síntomas del SII ni psicopatológicos. El 92% de los primeros cumple criterios para algún trastorno del eje I del DSM-IV y su diagnóstico principal puede agruparse en dos categorías: trastornos por ansiedad y por somatización. En conjunto, los pacientes con SII muestran más conflictos cognitivos detectados mediante la Técnica de Rejilla (TR) de Kelly que los sujetos normales. Considerando el subgrupo de trastorno por somatización, se observa una tendencia mucho más acentuada a mostrar mayor número de estos conflictos, así como una tendencia clara a presentar mayor polarización y, a su vez, menor complejidad cognitiva (diferenciación), con respecto tanto a los sujetos asintomáticos como a los diagnosticados por trastorno de ansiedad; por su parte, éstos muestran una menor autoestima.

Conflictos cognitivos en síndrome del intestino irritable (SII), un estudio e...

Guillem Feixas

The Multi-Center Dilemma Project is a collaborative research endeavour aimed at determining the role of dilemmas —a kind of cognitive conflict, detected by using an adaptation of Kelly’s Repertory Grid Technique— in a variety of clinical conditions. Implicative dilemmas appear in one third of the non-clinical group (n = 321) and in about half of the clinical group (n = 286), the latter having a proportion of dilemmas that doubles that of the non-clinical sample. Within the clinical group, we studied 87 subjects, after completing a psychotherapy process, and found that therapy helps to dissolve those dilemmas. We also studied, independently, a group of subjects diagnosed with social phobia (n = 13) and a group diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (n = 13) in comparison to non-clinical groups. In both health related problems, dilemmas seem to be quite relevant. Altogether, these studies, though preliminary (and with a small group size in some cases), yield a promising perspective to the unexplored area of the role of cognitive conflicts as an issue to consider when trying to understand some clinical conditions, as well as a focus to be dealt with in psychotherapy when dilemmas are identified.

The multi center dilemma project, an investigation on the role of cognitive c...

Guillem Feixas

Neste artigo apresentamos uma investigação focalizada no ajustamento psicológico e na experiência pessoal de alunos recém-chegados à Universidade. O nosso objectivo consistiu, por um lado, em analisar as dificuldades no ajustamento psicológico que estes alunos manifestam, quer através da presença de sintomatologia psicopatológica quer através das dificuldades na resolução de problemas de vida, e por outro, analisar se estas dimensões estão relacionadas com a presença de dilemas implicativos. Participaram neste estudo descritivo transversal 48 alunos que frequentavam pela primeira vez a Universidade do Minho. Os dilemas implicativos foram identificados através da Grelha de Repertório de Kelly, os sintomas psicopatológicos foram avaliados através do SCL-90-R e as dificuldades na resolução de problemas foram identificadas com o Inventário de Resolução de Problemas. Os resultados indicam uma correlação negativa e altamente significativa entre a presença de sintomatologia psicopatológica e as competências de resolução de problemas. Os resultados sugerem, ainda, que a relação entre a presença de dilemas e a sintomatologia psicopatológica, e a relação entre presença de dilemas e dificuldades na resolução de problemas, embora não significativas, são no sentido esperado. Discutimos as implicações destes resultados para a compreensão dos desafios que a transição para a Universidade pode constituir no ajustamento psicológico dos estudantes.

Dilemas implicativos e ajustamento psicológico, um estudo com alunos recém ch...

Guillem Feixas

The notion that human beings face internal conflicts is very old in the field of psychotherapy. Also, it is common the idea that symptoms could be derived from those conflicts. However, attempts for developing ways of appraising those conflicts so that they can be measured and tested empirically are almost inexistent. Precisely, the Multi-Centre Dilemma Project is aimed at investigating the role of those conflicts, termed implicative dilemmas or dilemmatic constructs, in health using the Repertory Grid Technique as a method to identify them. So far, a higher presence of those conflicts has been found in a variety of clinical problems (depression, social phobia, somatic problems, etc.) in comparison to non-clinical samples. Therefore, it seems convenient to develop a form of intervention aimed to dealing and resolving these conflicts. In this paper a therapy manual focused on implicative dilemmas resolution is presented. It consists of a structured intervention for 15 sessions, designed mainly for research and training in psychotherapy, and based on Personal Construct Psychotherapy.

Manual de intervención en dilemas implicativos

Guillem Feixas

Los problemas de somatización generan un elevado consumo de recursos y algunos tratamientos habituales resultan ineficaces o contraproducentes. Parece necesario un abordaje multidisciplinar que ofrezca un tratamiento integral a estos pacientes. Esta perspectiva debería tener en cuenta factores cognitivos poco estudiados como la construcción subjetiva del sí mismo, los síntomas y los demás. De ahí el interés de estudiar los conflictos cognitivos, que podrían erigirse en barreras subjetivas para la curación. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar las relaciones entre los dilemas implicativos, un tipo de conflicto cognitivo que puede detectarse con la Técnica de Rejilla, y una escala de somatización. Los resultados sugieren que las puntuaciones en somatización son más elevadas en personas con dilemas implicativos, y la presencia de estos conflictos predice mejor la somatización que el sexo, la edad, la autoestima o la diferenciación cognitiva.

Somatización y conflictos cognitivos, estudio exploratorio con una muestr cli...

Guillem Feixas

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Conflictos cognitivos en síndrome del intestino irritable (SII), un estudio e...

The multi center dilemma project, an investigation on the role of cognitive c...

Dilemas implicativos e ajustamento psicológico, um estudo com alunos recém ch...

Manual de intervención en dilemas implicativos

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Damini Dixit

Cotton crops are vulnerable to a variety of sucking pests, which can severely impact plant health, yield, and fiber quality. These pests primarily feed on plant sap, extracting nutrients directly from the plant's vascular system. Here's a breakdown of some of the most significant sucking pests in cotton cultivation: Aphids: Cotton aphids or melon aphids can cause direct damage by sucking sap and indirect damage by secreting honeydew, which encourages sooty mold growth. This can interfere with photosynthesis and weaken the plant. Aphids can also transmit viral diseases. Whiteflies: Two species, the silverleaf whitefly and the bandedwinged whitefly, are particularly troublesome. They not only suck sap from the underside of leaves, causing yellowing and leaf drop, but their honeydew excretion promotes sooty mold and they can transmit several plant viruses. Thrips: While thrips can chew on plants, their primary damage to cotton is through sucking. They attack the cotton plant during its seedling stage, which can stunt growth and reduce vigor. Thrips are also capable of transmitting the Cotton Bud disease. Spider Mites: These are not insects but arachnids. Spider mites, such as the two-spotted spider mite, suck cell contents from the leaves, leading to speckled discoloration and potentially significant leaf loss if infestations are severe. Leafhoppers: Including various species, leafhoppers can cause direct damage through feeding, which results in leaf curling and stunted growth. They can also be vectors for plant diseases. Mealybugs: These pests are less common but can be problematic, especially in clustered planting conditions. They suck sap and secrete honeydew, which leads to sooty mold. Mealybugs can also spread viruses. Stink Bugs: Although primarily known for their chewing mouthparts, certain stink bugs can cause damage similar to sucking pests by injecting saliva into the plant and sucking out nutrients, leading to boll damage and stained lint. Management Strategies: Cultural Controls: This includes practices such as crop rotation, using resistant varieties, and managing planting and harvesting times to avoid peak pest populations. Biological Controls: Beneficial insects like lady beetles, lacewings, and predatory mites can naturally control sucking pest populations. Parasitic wasps also play a role in controlling aphid and whitefly populations. Chemical Controls: Insecticides may be used but should be chosen carefully to minimize resistance development and preserve beneficial insects. Systemic insecticides can be particularly effective against sucking pests. Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Combining multiple control strategies based on monitoring and thresholds to apply the most effective and environmentally sensitive approach. Effective management of sucking pests in cotton requires a thorough understanding of the pest species present, their life cycles, and the ecological balance of the field environment.

Pests of cotton_Sucking_Pests_Dr.UPR.pdf

PirithiRaju

Wepresent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 12-m, 7-m, and Total Power Array observations of the FUOrionis outbursting system, covering spatial scales ranging from 160 to 25,000 au. The high-resolution interferometric data reveal an elongated 12CO(2–1) feature previously observed at lower resolution in 12CO(3–2). Kinematic modeling indicates that this feature can be interpreted as an accretion streamer feeding the binary system. The mass infall rate provided by the streamer is significantly lower than the typical stellar accretion rates (even in quiescent states), suggesting that this streamer alone is not massive enough to sustain the enhanced accretion rates characteristic of the outbursting class prototype. The observed streamer may not be directly linked to the current outburst, but rather a remnant of a previous, more massive streamer that may have contributed enough to the disk mass to render it unstable and trigger the FU Orionis outburst. The new data detect, for the first time, a vast, slow-moving carbon monoxide molecular outflow emerging from this object. To accurately assess the outflow properties (mass, momentum, and kinetic energy), we employ 13CO(2–1) data to correct for optical depth effects. The analysis indicates that the outflow corresponds to swept-up material not associated with the current outburst, similar to the slow molecular outflows observed around other FUor and Class I protostellar objects.

Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...

Sérgio Sacani

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)

Areesha Ahmad

Proteomics: types, protein profiling steps etc.

Silpa

Nanoparticles synthesis and characterization

kaibalyasahoo82800

Understanding circumstellar disks is of prime importance in astrophysics, however, their birth process remains poorly constrained due to observational and numerical challenges. Recent numerical works have shown that the small-scale physics, often wrapped into a sub-grid model, play a crucial role in disk formation and evolution. This calls for a combined approach in which both the protostar and circumstellar disk are studied in concert. Aims. We aim to elucidate the small scale physics and constrain sub-grid parameters commonly chosen in the literature by resolving the star-disk interaction. Methods. We carry out a set of very high resolution 3D radiative-hydrodynamics simulations that self-consistently describe the collapse of a turbulent dense molecular cloud core to stellar densities. We study the birth of the protostar, the circumstellar disk, and its early evolution (< 6 yr after protostellar formation). Results. Following the second gravitational collapse, the nascent protostar quickly reaches breakup velocity and sheds its surface material, thus forming a hot (∼ 103 K), dense, and highly flared circumstellar disk. The protostar is embedded within the disk, such that material can flow without crossing any shock fronts. The circumstellar disk mass quickly exceeds that of the protostar, and its kinematics are dominated by self-gravity. Accretion onto the disk is highly anisotropic, and accretion onto the protostar mainly occurs through material that slides on the disk surface. The polar mass flux is negligible in comparison. The radiative behavior also displays a strong anisotropy, as the polar accretion shock is shown to be supercritical whereas its equatorial counterpart is subcritical. We also f ind a remarkable convergence of our results with respect to initial conditions. Conclusions. These results reveal the structure and kinematics in the smallest spatial scales relevant to protostellar and circumstellar disk evolution. They can be used to describe accretion onto regions commonly described by sub-grid models in simulations studying larger scale physics.

Formation of low mass protostars and their circumstellar disks

Sérgio Sacani

GUIDELINES ON SIMILAR BIOLOGICS Regulatory Requirements for Marketing Authori...

Lokesh Kothari

Chemistry is the scientific study of matter, its properties, composition, structure, and the changes it undergoes. It's often divided into various sub-disciplines such as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Chemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the world around us and has applications in various fields such as medicine, materials science, environmental science, and industry.

Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Sumit Kumar yadav

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roncy bisnoi

Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics

sakshisoni2385

Clean In Place(CIP).pptx .

Poonam Aher Patil

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 1)

Areesha Ahmad

COST ESTIMATION FOR A RESEARCH PROJECT.pptx

FarihaAbdulRasheed

HotJupiters are amongthebest-studied exoplanets, but it is still poorly understood how their chemical composition and cloud properties vary with longitude. Theoretical models predict that clouds may condense on the nightside and that molecular abundances can be driven out of equilibrium by zonal winds. Here we report a phase-resolved emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b measured from 5–12µ 5–12µ 5–12µm with JWST’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI). 1524 ±35 1524 ±35 and 863±23 The spectra reveal a large day–night temperature contrast (with average brightness temperatures of 1524 ± 35 863 ±23 863 ±23Kelvin, respectively) and evidence for water absorption at all orbital phases. Comparisons with three-dimensional atmospheric models show that both the phase curve shape and emission spectra strongly suggest the presence of nightside clouds which become optically thick to thermal emission at pressures greater than ∼100mbar. The dayside is consistent with a cloudless atmosphere above the mid-infrared photosphere. Con3trary to expectations from equilibrium chemistry but consistent with disequilibrium kinetics models, methane is not detected on the nightside (2σ upper limit of 1–6 parts per million, depending on model assumptions).

Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b

Sérgio Sacani

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kantirani197

Site Acceptance Test .

Poonam Aher Patil

Context. WASP-76 b has been a recurrent subject of study since the detection of a signature in high-resolution transit spectroscopy data indicating an asymmetry between the two limbs of the planet. The existence of this asymmetric signature has been confirmed by multiple studies, but its physical origin is still under debate. In addition, it contrasts with the absence of asymmetry reported in the infrared (IR) phase curve. Aims. We provide a more comprehensive dataset of WASP-76 b with the goal of drawing a complete view of the physical processes at work in this atmosphere. In particular, we attempt to reconcile visible high-resolution transit spectroscopy data and IR broadband phase curves. Methods. We gathered 3 phase curves, 20 occultations, and 6 transits for WASP-76 b in the visible with the CHEOPS space telescope. We also report the analysis of three unpublished sectors observed by the TESS space telescope (also in the visible), which represents 34 phase curves. Results. WASP-76 b displays an occultation of 260±11 and 152±10 ppm in TESS and CHEOPS bandpasses respectively. Depending on the composition assumed for the atmosphere and the data reduction used for the IR data, we derived geometric albedo estimates that range from 0.05 ± 0.023 to 0.146 ± 0.013 and from <0.13 to 0.189 ± 0.017 in the CHEOPS and TESS bandpasses, respectively. As expected from the IR phase curves, a low-order model of the phase curves does not yield any detectable asymmetry in the visible either. However, an empirical model allowing for sharper phase curve variations offers a hint of a flux excess before the occultation, with an amplitude of ∼40 ppm, an orbital offset of ∼−30◦ , and a width of ∼20◦ . We also constrained the orbital eccentricity of WASP-76 b to a value lower than 0.0067, with a 99.7% confidence level. This result contradicts earlier proposed scenarios aimed at explaining the asymmetry observed in high-resolution transit spectroscopy. Conclusions. In light of these findings, we hypothesise that WASP-76 b could have night-side clouds that extend predominantly towards its eastern limb. At this limb, the clouds would be associated with spherical droplets or spherically shaped aerosols of an unknown species, which would be responsible for a glory effect in the visible phase curves.

Asymmetry in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b

Sérgio Sacani

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 3)

Areesha Ahmad

A Constructivist-Process View of (De-)Radicalisation: A Person-Context Diagram

1. A Constructivist-ProcessView of (De-)Radicalisation: A Person-Context Diagram Guillem Feixas (UB) and David A. Winter (UH) January, 2016

2. Construing processes Turning points Situational factors Infancy Adolescence Crisis Conversion Engagement Disappoint- ment Disengagement The Person The Context Family/Personal Adversity Trauma/Neglect Social Rejection/ Isolation Dysfunctional family processes Perceived Grievance Humiliation Identification/ Identity Fusion Indoctrination Militancy: - support - terrorism - recruitment Cohesive Social Validation Massive Invalidation Uncertainty Identity/ Religious conflict Massive Invalidation Polarised & Undifferentiated Construct System Lack of Social Validation High construct Differentiation Unidimensional Construing Total Certainty Lack of Social Validation Social Validation Towards an Alternative Life Project Conflict with organization Enrolment in de-radicalisation programs Escape/ Repatriation Contact with radicalised people & charismatic leaders (Internet, phone, etc) Familial-like bonds with organization members Disconnection from family & friends Feixas & Winter, 2016

3. All this happens in a broader context …. ✤ International political conﬂicts ✤ Religious confrontation between fundamentalisms (vs. respect, ecumenism) ✤ Social Marginalisation & Stigmatization (vs. social integration) ✤ Social Conﬂict & Economic inequalities (vs. socioeconomic justice) Feixas & Winter, 2016

A Constructivist-Process View of (De-)Radicalisation: A Person-Context Diagram

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