3. If schools don't train
students to use and
think about digital
tools in a thoughtful
way, where else is it
going to happen?"
4. Educational Technology may be
considered as
The utilization of modern machines and gadgets in
the field of education to increase the rate of learning
to develop the learners interest for effective and
productive learning by exerting its influence on the
teaching learning process through vicious and
progressive use. Educational technology plays
various roles. Form the traditional point of view, it
serves as presenter of knowledge just like teachers.
It also serves as productivity tool. With the internet,
technology has facilitated communication among
people. From the constructivist’s perspective,
educational technology is a meaningful learning tools
5. Historical Development of Educational Technology
The Elder Sophists (450-350 B.C.) used the term ‘techne’ to
refer to the process of applying knowledge in a systematic way to
the practical art of instruction.
Socrates (470-399B.C.) taught through question answer
methods.
In the 17th century Johann Comenius introduced textbooks for
children.
The first educational television station went on air in Houston,
Texas, in 1953.
In 1956 CCTV were established for instructional purposes.
Programmed instruction was developed in the works of
B.F.Skinner (1954)and N.A. Crowder(1960)
9. Educational Technology
can be conceived as a science
of techniques and methods by
which educational goals could
be realized
10. Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and
improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate
technological processes and resources.
11. Arouse Interest
ET is a value addition to quality, relevance,
appropriateness and other such attributes,
transforming education by making it dynamic
and responsive to the passions that move the
learners and arouse their curiosity and desire
to learn.
14. Building a learning culture
Learner:
Self-directed
Self-motivated
Self-regulating
Lifelong learning
Teacher:
Develop knowledge & skills
Understand learning and its need
Facilitate learning
Create learning opportunities
Administrator:
Create Learning environment
Provide ICT infrastructure
Resources for lifelong learning
Building a learning
Culture
15. TECHNOLOGICAL EXPLOSION, A DOUBLE-EDGED SWOR D
A very important factor impelling change has been the technological
explosion, particularly in the area of ICT(Information and
Communication Technologies). Such technologies are double-edged
swords. They allow people to contact one another and exchange ideas
very easily in order to create communities built around common
interests and common causes. They also make it possible for global
corporations to move billions of dollars around the world with the click of
a button.
16. Technology in Education and Educational Technology
Technology is the modification of the natural
environment to satisfy perceived human wants and
needs” (ITEA, 2000, p. 9). This modification of the
natural environment (nature) may be characterized as
“human innovation in action.” Technology education is
“a study of technology which provides an opportunity
for students to learn about the processes and
knowledge related to technology that are needed to
solve problems and extend human potential” (ITEA,
2000, p. 242). Technology education is concerned with
the broad spectrum of technology, which encompasses,
but is not limited to, such areas as: design, making,
problem solving, technological systems, resources and
materials, criteria and constraints, processes, controls,
optimization and trade-offs, invention, and many other
human topics dealing with human innovation.
17. Educational technology is sometimes referred to as instructional
technology or informational technology. A very careful analysis of
words and terms related to educational technology gives one a
better understanding of the differences between it and technology
education. Educational technology is concerned with technology in
education. It is involved in the use of technology as a “tool” to
enhance the teaching and learning process across all subject
areas. Educational technology is concerned about teaching and
learning with technology. In the International Society for Technology
in Education’s (ISTE) National Educational Technology Standards
for Students (NETS•S), the document states that these standards
describe, “...what students should know about technology and be
able to do with technology” (ISTE, 2000, p. XI).
19. HARDWARE
It refers to the application of Engineering principle
or technology useful in the process of teaching. It is
also termed as Hardware Approach to Education.
Silverman called this type of approach as ‘Relative
Technology’. This refers to borrow and apply
technology, machines and devices in the process of
teaching and learning. THE OHP, THE SLIDE
PROJECTOR, THE FILM PROJECTOR, RADIO,
TELEVISION AND COMPUTERS WERE DEVELOPED
FOR THE PURPOSE . It is for the group of students.
It is quite useful as it enhances the learners
performance and enhance interest in the subject
and extends the teachers’ limits beyond time and
space without increasing the cost of instruction per
pupil.
20. Software
It refers to the application of scientific
principles to instruction. It is
concerned with all aspects of
designing the instructional sequence
and instructional mode to go along
with different hardware. Programmed
instruction falls into this class of
educational technology. Principles of
Psychology, Operant conditioning of
skinner led to the development of ET.
The emphasis is on scientific way of
teaching.
21. Scope of Educational Technology
Distance Education
Mass Education
Historical Information
Gaming and simulation
Collecting Storing and retrieval of Information
Research
22. Main Areas of Educational
Technology
Programmed Learning
Micro Teaching
Simulated Teaching
Interaction Analysis
24. Technology can play a traditional role, i.e. as
delivery vehicles for instructional lessons
or in a constructivist way as partners in the
learning process.
In a constructivist way technology helps the
learner build more personal interpretations of
life in her/his world. Technology is a learning
tool to learn with not from. It makes the
learner gather, think, analyze, synthesize
information and construct meaning with what
technology presents.
25. •Technology as tools to support knowledge
construction
1. For presenting learners’ ideas,
understandings and beliefs
2. For producing organized, multimedia
knowledge bases for learners
• Technology as information vehicles for
exploring knowledge to support learning-by-
constructing
1. For accessing needed information
2. For comparing perspectives, beliefs and
world views
26. •Technology as context to support learning
by doing
1. for representing and simulating
meaningful real-world problems, situations
and contexts
2. for representing beliefs, perspectives,
arguments, and stories of others
•Technology as a social medium to support
learning by conversing
1. For collaborating with others
2. For discussing, arguing, and building
consensus among members of the
community
3. For supporting discourse among
27. •Technology as intellectual partner
1. For helping learners to articulate and represent
what they know
2. For reflecting on what they have learned and
how they come to know it
3. For supporting learners’ internal negotiations
and meaning making
4. For constructing personal representations of
meaning for supporting mindful thinking
28. Proper implementation of
technology in the classroom
gives students more “control of
their own learning and tends to
move classrooms from teacher-
dominated environments to ones
that are more learner-centered
(Russel and Sorge, 1999)
29. Internet has started reshaping education.
Education will not be the same in the next
decade
There is no going back. The traditional
classroom
has to be transformed
Web-based Education Commission, US
Many universities/colleges may not survive
by the end of this decade
The future teachers will
not carry books but
computers
30. Traditional Vs Smart Classroom
Traditional Classroom Smart Classroom
Classroom • Physical – limited size
• Synchronous
• Unlimited
• Anytime, anywhere
Content • PowerPoint/transparency/etc
• Textbooks/library
• Video
• Collaboration
• Multimedia / simulation
• Digital library
• On demand
• Syn & Asyn. Communication
Personalisation • One learning path • Learning path and pace
determined by learner
31. Learning Environment
• In an on-line multimedia learning
environment:
– teaching & learning is ‘one-to-one’
(individual)
– more interactivity (in normal classroom, it varies with
the class size)
– learner-centred
– Learner monitoring & grading system
35. Benefits
• media-rich
– Easier to understand & more engaging
• repeatable
– As many times as you like
• easier to monitor progress
– less administrative work
– can be more precise
36. Need of the hour
It is incumbent upon educators today to begin
preparing for the changing education
paradigms of tomorrow.
37. Working Together, We Can achieve our goal and
expected qualities in higher education
