Sheridon Hill, North Coast Empowerment Group (Trinidad and Tobago)
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"Analyzing Gang Activity to Develop AVRP Strategies" Regional Review Conference on the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Antigua, Guatemala | 28-30 April 2014
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Sheridon Hill, North Coast Empowerment Group (Trinidad and Tobago)
- 1. Analyzing Gang Activity to DevelopAVRP Strategies Sheridon M. Hill Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence. UNDP Conference May 29, 2014 La Antigua, Guatemala
- 2. Agenda • Background • Overview of Gang-related murders in 4 selected Caribbean countries • What we know about gangs • Responses • Challenges • Suggestions
- 3. Background UNDP 2012 Crime and violence creates insecurity and impacts development Increasing murders Drug trafficking Guns Gangs
- 4. Increasing number of Murders Source: Hill 2013
- 5. Gang-Related Murders 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 NumberofMurders Trinidad & Tobago Gang Related Murders - Other Source: Hill 2013 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 NumberofMurders St Kitts & Nevis Gang Related Murders - Other Source: Hill 2013 0 50 100 150 2007 2008 2009 2010 NumberofMurders Belize Gang Related Murders - Other 0 500 1000 1500 2000 NumberofMurders Jamaica Gang Related Murders-Other Source: Hill 2013 Source: Hill 2013
- 6. Gang-Related Murders 2011 2012 2013 33 15 16 3 3 5 St Kitts & Nevis Gang Related Murders - Other 2011 2012 2013 566 729 935 567 370 265 Jamaica Gang Related Murders - Other 2011 2012 2013 93 144 197 259 235 210 Trinidad and Tobago Gang Related Murders - Other 2011 2012 2013 43 46 33 81 99 66 Belize Gang Related Murders - Other Source: Compiled by Author
- 7. What we know about gangs Country Gangs & Members Sex Name Main Area of operation Colors Signs Symbols Political Links Criminal activity Genesis Jamaica 70/260/30 gangs 10,000 members Male Kingston Colors Extortion drugs, arms gov’t contracts Murder 1960s political rivalries Belize 50 gangs 500 members Male South side of Belize City Semi-urban areas Colors Limited Extortion, drugs, robbery Murder 1980s deportations St Kitts & Nevis 10-12 gangs Male Basseterre Charlestown Colors Signs symbols Arms, Drugs, Graffiti Murder 1995-6 US deportation policy Trinidad & Tobago 95 gangs 1269 members Male Port of Spain Very little Gov’t contracts, arms, drugs Murder 1990 Attempted coup
- 8. Responses • Government: Anti Gang Legislation in T&T, SKN Jamaica and Social policies • Police: Suppression, Intel, social policies. • Some policies not focused on gang-activity
- 9. Challenges • Varying Definitions • Ineffective Legislation • Lack of quantitative research: age, membership, risk & protective factors/reasons for joining, • Uncoordinated policies • Lack of police training: G.R.E.A.T.
- 10. Suggestions • Defining gangs and gang activity • Research agenda: age, gender, risk & protective factors vs. reasons • Coordination & Monitoring • National and Regional surveillance mechanisms • Training of for law enforcement officers
- 11. Thank you Sheridon M. Hill sheridonmhill872A@gmail.com 1(868) 622-4072(office) 1(868) 749-2873 (mobile)