Smart Internet Searching for Genealogists

Jordan Jones GenealogyMedia.Com jordan@genealogymedia.com Craven County Genealogical Society 13 May 2008 Smart Internet Searching for Genealogists

ONE MUST START WITH A DISCUSSION OF ACCESS … 1 – Access: Search and Navigation

The Librarian’s Definition © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 3 “The availability of or permission to use records.” – Archives & Records Management Handbook, Oregon State U., http://osulibrary.oregonstate.edu/archives/handbook/definitions/ “… the purpose of librarianship – enabling people to identify, locate, and use the information that will meet their … needs.” – The Information Professional’s Glossary, SIRLS, Arizona State U., http://www.sir.arizona.edu/resources/glossary.html

As of 2005, there were more than 11.5 billion web pages (http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~asignori/web-size/). So how do you access the genealogical information you’re looking for?

Web Access © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 5 Navigation – That is, clicking through a pre-defined path in a website to find the information you need. A good navigation path is like a searchlight in fog. Search – Search is especially helpful: If you do not even know what website to use, or If you need to find information on a website and do not know how to navigate to the information.

Database search – Words are searched against particular fields in a database, such as “surname” or “state” (Ancestry, SteveMorse.org, NewspaperArchive, Footnote) It’s important to keep in mind which kind of search you’re performing. A full-text search will not know a surname from any other collection of characters.

IndexingThe search engine creates and manages

CachingSome web search applications (such as Google) store caches of all the pages they crawl

RankingLinks delivered are ranked in terms of relevance, popularity, authoritativeness and other criteria: The Secret Sauce.,[object Object]

PhraseFind pages that include “Jane Graham”.Google: “Search Phrase”.

ProximityFind pages where “Jane” is near “Graham”.Google: Term1 * Term2 OR Term2 * Term1 (where * = up to 2 words)

BooleanAND / OR / NOTGoogle: “Jane Graham” OR “Graham, Jane”,[object Object]

More Advanced Searches © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 12 Exclude WordFind pages that don’t include a particular word. Google: –SearchTerm Exclude PhraseFind pages that don’t include a particular phrase. Google: -“Search Phrase” Exclude Specific Site Find pages, but exclude a specific site.Google: -site:www.sitename.com Soundex – Available on many genealogy websites, and not only for census records.

Methodologies © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 13 Look for advanced search pages Read search guidelines on the site Experiment If you don’t find what you’re looking for, map out strategies for more specific searches In other words, plan your more complex Internet searches the way you’d plan a trip to a major repository

Finding Jane Graham © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 16 Facts: Jane Graham, was born in 1811 and died unmarried in 1854. She lived her life in Monroe County, VA (now WV). Q: How do I search for her on Google? A: By increasing the specificity of my search.

Searching a Specific Site on Google © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 23 Say I want to know all of the mentions of the surname “Gregg” on the US GenNet site for Nance County, NE http://www.usgennet.org/usa/ne/county/nance/ How do I do this? ,[object Object],Gregg site:www.usgennet.org/usa/ne/county/nance/

Stephen P. Morse’s One-Step Web Pages © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 32 No discussion of internet search for genealogists would be complete without a discussion of Stephen Morse’s One-Step Web Pages at: http://www.stevemorse.org/ Morse uses “deep linking” to skip past multiple search pages and get directly to the content. One great example is that the One-Step site allows you to search Ancestry (if you have an account) with surnames of fewer than 3 letters. It does this by sending 26 searches for each letter you don’t specify.

The Morse Controversy © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 33 Some web managers have either blocked the One-Step pages or merely protested their side-effects. The pages can limit a site’s ad revenue, as people skip pages with ads on their way to the information they seek. The pages can cause a lot of traffic to come to a website, either by making it easy to submit what are essentially multiple requests with one click, or by providing better advertising than some smaller sites have received. I’ll have more about this site in an answer to a question submitted.

Resolution © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 34 The One-Step pages are a benefit to researchers Morse has been able to work out most disputes, except with some larger companies. (And some sites have used his methods to improve their search capabilities.)

A Caveat About “Page Date” Searches on Google © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 39 Stephen Morse points out that Google is really tracking when they indexed a page, not when the page was last modified. Probably a better search for the age of a web page is Stephen Morse’s : http://stevemorse.org/google/googledate.html

Web Translation © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 40 Q: Are there any good web sites to help translate web pages written in another language? There are good sites in German but I can’t find a source to help me translate what they are saying. A: There are several, though all are limited since real translation requires a human touch. http://www.google.com/translate_t http://babelfish.altavista.com/ http://translation2.paralink.com/

Google Appliance © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 41 Q: Godfrey Memorial Library has “Godfrey Search” on its Web site to search its databases. “Godfrey Search” is powered by an “appliance” provided by Google. What is an appliance and how does it differ from a general Google search? A: The Google Search appliance is a server computer that indexes content on a specific site. Direct Google searches are often better, when you have the option of either, but Google cannot crawl the Godfrey Library site because it’s subscription based.

Rights and permissions issues By the way, in case anyone could use an overview of the new FamilySearch, Wikipedia’s article provides a brief take on it: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FamilySearch#New_FamilySearch

Evaluation of Quality © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 43 ,[object Object], It is one thing if it is a scanned copy of a document, i.e. a census, but it is troublesome when you get family info off of some websites (I would say FamilySearch in particular) and the info is wrong-it appears it was obtained by someone and sent in to the Church. On some sites there is no citation at all. Q: How do you evaluate the info on a website as to its veracity? It is one thing if it is a scanned copy of a document, i.e. a census, but it is troublesome when you get family info off of some websites (I would say FamilySearch in particular) and the info is wrong-it appears it was obtained by someone and sent in to the Church. On some sites there is no citation at all. ,[object Object], Any unsourced information – on the Internet or anywhere else – should be considered suspect, because the standard of proof requires being able to reproduce and re-evaluate the research.

Narrowing Searches © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 44 Q: How can one narrow a search if there is a really common name and you don’t know much? Conversely, if there is an unusual name but you can’t find anything, are there tricks of the trade? ,[object Object], For both common and uncommon names, try alternate spellings. Something like Google only understands characters, not sounds. For my family, I have to look for Grimes as well as Graham, Leake as well as Lake.

Keeping Info © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 45 Q: How do you keep this info? I spent a long time (and lots of printer cartridges) copying things only to discover later it was not the relative in my Family Tree at all. Is there a good Internet organizational tool? A: There are a number of strategies. One thing I do up front is check the following: Is the information sourced? Does the information really connect to mine? If the information does not pass both tests, I may keep the link at del.icio.us (a link saving and sharing site) for later evaluation. Another strategy is to use a family tree program, such as TMG, that allows you to store contradictory pieces of information.

Pre-Ellis Island Immigrants © 2008 GenealogyMedia.com 46 How do you find immigration info on the internet for people who came to the US way before Ellis Island if you do not know what ship they came on or what port they came to (and if they have a very common name)? ,[object Object], You will need to perform multiple searches. I recommend Steven Morse’s site. It will allow you to search on more fields. You can also switch arrival ports to facilitate searching for the same passenger arriving in different ports. (Some searches require subscriptions.)

Smart Internet Searching for Genealogists

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