LIS 653, Session 4-B: Introduction to Descriptive Metadata
1. A Quick Intro to
Descriptive
Metadata
LIS 653
Starr Hoffman
2. An Introduction to Metadata
Metadata: “data about data”
Generic term for cataloging formats
(MARC, Dublin Core, EAD, etc.)
Frequently means newer-generation formats
Can describe any kind of information object
3.
4. How it All Fits Together
Record
Authority control
(standardized author
name: J. R. R. Tolkien)
(representation
of bibliographic
information)
Encoding
(MARC, XML)
Code
(rules: AACR2,
RDA)
Structure
(ISBD, XML)
Subject
headings
(LCSH, Sears, AAT)
Classification
(shelving: LC,
Dewey)
Model
(FRBR, trad.
model)
Record is displayed in an OPAC,
online database, etc.
Format
(MARC,
Dublin Core)
5. Record Formats as Containers…
the MARC bottle the Dublin Core bottle
<Identifier>47809907 </Identifier>
<Language>en</Language>
<Title>Club Kaycee</Title>
<Publisher>University of Missouri—Kansas
City</Publisher>
<Date>1996</Date>
<Source>RCA LPV-511</Source>
<Format>Internet resource</Format>
<Description>Information about the jazz
music and musicians in Kansas
City.</Description>
<Contributor>Haddix, Chuck,
author</Contributor>
<Contributor>Middleton, Scott, engineer
</Contributor>
<Relation IsPartOf>University of Missouri—
Kansas City University Libraries web
site</Relation IsPartOf>
<Subject>Jazz – Kansas City</Subject>
<Rights>University of Missouri—Kansas City,
copyright holder</Rights>
001 47809907
008 010820m1996uuuumouaco s 000 0 eng dnamIa
040 UMK|cUMK
245 00 Club Kaycee|h[computer file] :|bjazz sites &
sounds from the Sound Archives & music collections of
the Miller Nichols Library at the University of Missouri--
Kansas City.
260 Kansas City, Mo. :|bUniversity of Missouri--Kansas
City,|cc1996-
500 Title from title screen; as viewed on Aug. 20, 2001.
520 Information about the jazz music and musicians in
Kansas City.
538 Mode of access: World Wide Web via the Internet.
650 0 Jazz|zMissouri|zKansas City.
700 1 Haddix, Chuck.|4aut
710 2 University of Missouri--Kansas City.|bMarr Sound
Archives.
856 41 |zAccess University of Missouri--Kansas City Web
site|uhttp:// www.umkc.edu/orgs/kcjazz/
6. Metadata Types (Functions)
Descriptive
The what, where, who, and when
+ subject description
Administrative
Rights, legal access requirements, etc.
Preservation
Physical condition
Preservation history
Migration (digital)
Technical
Hardware/software documentation
Security data
Use
Circulation records
Exhibition records
Search logs
8. Metadata Schemas
MARC
Dublin Core
EAD
Encoded Archival Description
VRA
CDWA
Categories for the Description of Works of Art
9. Metadata Schemas
Dublin Core
Simple format
Encoded in XML
15 elements:
None are required
All are repeatable
Sample record:
http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark%3A/67531/metadc373/
10. Metadata Comparisons…
Type of Standard Example: Libraries Example: General Example: Archives
& Museums
Example:
Art Collections
FORMAT(metadata element
sets, schemas). These are
"containers" of data that make
up a record or other
information object.
MARC Dublin Core
(Or others)
EAD CDWA, VRA
CONTROLLED VOCABULARIES
(thesauri, subject headings,
authority control).
LCSH, LCNAF (name
authority), TGM, TGN
Any controlled
vocabulary can be
used.
LCSH, LCNAF (name
authority)
AAT (Art &
Architecture
Thesaurus), ULAN,
ICONCLASS
RULES or CODES for
cataloging… These are
guidelines for the format and
syntax of the data.
AACR2, RDA, ISBD (Varies by metadata
use.)
In libraries: RDA
Describing Archives: A
Content Standard
(DACS)
Cataloging Cultural
Objects (CCO)
ENCODING (metadata
standards expressed in
machine-readable form). This
data is encoded or marked up
for machine processing.
MARC21 XML
…also METS, MODS
XML
…also METS
XML
Notas do Editor
Metadata: “data about data”
Can be used as a generic term for all cataloging formats (MARC, Dublin Core, EAD, etc.)
Is most often used to refer to newer-generation formats, often encoded in XML
Can describe any kind of information object: print, digital, archival, artefact, etc.
Commonly used for digital collections
Can be at collection-level, item-level, or both
There is even metadata embedded in webpages!
Example of metadata embedded in a web page…
TITLE for the web page!
Bibliographic record = record with descriptive information about a work (information object) that it represents
Catalog = a group of records, a list of objects in a collection
Model = determines how records are organized and created in a catalog (FRBR)
Cataloging codes = rules for creating catalog records (AACR2, RDA)
Structure = rules that help determine the order of elements & punctuation/spacing in a record (ISBD, XML)
Format = format in which a record is created and/or encoded (MARC, Dublin Core)
Subject heading = terms from a topical controlled vocabulary that describe the content of a work (LCSH, Sears, AAT)
Authority control = term from a controlled vocabulary chosen to uniquely identify an author, corporation, book title, or series (so that all records for one author can be accessed easily)
Classification scheme = assigns a unique descriptor to a work (usually based on subject), often used to indicate a work’s physical location (LC, Dewey)
Descriptive
(what we’ll focus on first)
Like bibliographic catalog records: the what, where, who, and when
Includes subject description
Administrative
Rights, legal access requirements, etc.
Preservation
Physical condition, actions taken to preserve digital versions, migration, etc.
Technical
Hardware/software documentation, security data—passwords
Use
Circulation records, exhibition records, user tracking, search logs
Camera type
Lens type
Shutter speed
Exposure, Aperture, ISO
Date, Time
Location (if GPS attached)
Common Descriptive Schemas:
MARC (libraries, for print, A/V, etc.)
Dublin Core (general)
EAD, Encoded Archival Description (archival material)
VRA (for images and works of art and culture)
CDWA, Categories for the Description of Works of Art (art)
Dublin Core
Simple format
Encoded in XML—can create it in a text file
15 elements:
No elements are required
All elements are repeatable (very flexible)
Sample record:
http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark%3A/67531/metadc373/
Sample Record, Show:
DISPLAY version (full record)
Metadata page, multiple download formats
Click: XML, JSON, text…