The document discusses political machines and corruption in late 19th century American cities. It describes how political bosses, like Boss Tweed in New York City, controlled local governments by trading favors and public jobs for votes. They used voting fraud and kickbacks to enrich themselves with public funds. The document also provides information on immigration to the US during this period, listing the national origins of immigrants and reasons for their migration, including pushes like famine and pulls like job opportunities.

1. U.S History @ the “turn of the century Industrialization/Robber Barons City Boss System Populism Immigration Progressivism

2. Industrialization Cheap Labor No restrictive Immigration Laws Senate/State Legislatures Political Bosses System $ Elected Officials

3. Political Machines I don't care who does the electing, so long as I get to do the nominating. Boss Tweed The Brains Political Cartoon by Thomas Nast A Harper's Weekly political cartoon lampoons the corrupt New York administration led by "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany Society. Image: © CORBIS Creator Name: Thomas Nast Date Created: 1871

10. Immigration To the US Push Pull Push Pull Push Pull Push Pull Push Pull Push Pull Push Pull Chinese Latin Americans Poles Italians Russians Chinese Germans Irish Scandinavians Africans English

11. Why did the __________ immigrate? English Scandinavians Germans Irish Chinese Germans Italians Russians Study Guide: Use Slide 10 to answer the questions for slides 11-15

12. First, the English came to the United States.- Second, Africans were brought to the United States.- Third, Scandinavians came to the United States.- Fourth, Germans and Irish came to the United States.- Fifth, Chinese came to the United States.- Sixth, Poles, Italians, Russians came to the United States.- Seventh, Chinese and Latin Americans came to the United States.-

13. The __________ were _________ into the United States by….. The English were pushed into the United States by the necessity to find jobs. The English were pulled into the United States by the promise of cheap land.

14. Immigration Laws 1660 -Africans 1840 -potato famine 1849 -Gold Rush 1943 -Bracero Program 1986 -gives amnesty to workers her and punishes employers who hire undocumented workers 1996 -increases skilled workers coming into the US 1848 -Treat of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1901 -limits people based on their political opinions 1950 -prohibits people who would be dangerous in the US 1980 -gives refugees from Vietnam entrance into the US 1996 -increased border control 1917 -literacy test 1921 -limits European immigrants coming from Europe 1948 -no quotas for displaced persons 1952 - restates the quota system 1965 -repeals the quota system replaces it with family reunification 1990 -increases the number of people into the US 1795 -free white persons 1870-free whites persons and African-Americans 1882 -leaves out Chinese people 1943 -abolishes Chinese exclusion 1954 -returns undocumented persons to Mexico Jobs Security Literacy Quota Race

15. Immigration Laws Which category has the least number of laws? Which category has the fewer number of laws? Which category has the most number of laws? The _________ that has the _________ number of ________is _______________ Jobs Security Literacy Quota Race

16. Immigration Statistics IMMIGRATION STATISTICS The bottom graph clearly demonstrates the sharp decrease in the total immigration figures after the legislation of the various acts that aimed to restrict it. As the above chart shows, much of the immigrants came from Eastern European countries. For this reason, both the 1921 and 1924 Acts aimed to restrict the number of immigrants from such destinations