1. Balsgård
Department of Plant Breeding, SLU
www.slu.se/balsgard

2. Apple: production and consumtion in Sweden
Commercial orchards: 20-25.000 tonnes/year
Home gardens (2,6 mill garden units x 2,6 apple trees
= 7 mill apple trees x 5 kg): 35.000 tonnes/year
(Capacity of 280.000 tonnes/year has been reported)
Imported fruit:
> 100.000
tonnes/year +
juice etc.
ROOM FOR
EXPANDING
SWEDISH
APPLE
PRODUCTION!

3. Registered in 2003,
breeders rights:
SLU
Licensed as a club
variety inside the
Nordic countries
Picking time:
first–second week
of October, same
time as Ingrid Marie
and one week after
Golden Delicious
Frida
Origin and picking time
Aroma (Ingrid Marie x Filippa) x PRI 1858/102

4. Average sugar, much
acidity, very high
acidity/sweetness when
harvested
Needs to ’mellow’ for 2–4
months – lots of aromatic
compounds, round full but
still somewhat tart taste –
this is NOT a Gala type….
Firmness at harvest: 8.4
kg/cm2 (penetrometer)
average all late-ripening
diploids: 8.8
Firmness after 12 weeks of
regular cold storage: 5.8
kg/cm2
average all late-ripening
diploids: 4.4
Frida
Quality characteristics
Md-ACS1 1:1, Md-ACO1 2:2, Md-PG1 1:1, Md-EXP7 202:202

5. Frida
Trees
Average tree size,
open angles and a
tendency to produce
’naked’ branches,
easily trained but
requires smart pruning
for good yields

6. Fruit: rounded-broadly conical, even size (70–80 mm)
and colour (greenish yellow with 40–70% clear red
cover, no russetting, no greasiness

7. Frida
Flowering time
Same as Gala and Golden Delicious (late for Sweden!),
Frost-resistant flowers and fruit
Self-sterility genes: s3 and s7 according to DNA tests
Resistance
Vf-resistance against apple scab
Medium to highly sensitive to fireblight (shoot tip
inoculations), and lacking the two Lg7 Fiesta markers
Storage
Easily stored but needs carefully optimized CA-conditions
Usually marketed in February–April
Average susceptibility to Penicillium expansum (fruit inocul-
ations), above average to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

8. Fredrik
Origin and picking time
Aroma x PRI 1858/102
Registered in 2003, breeders
rights: SLU
Propagation rights: Swedish
Elite Plant Station
Picking time:
middle to end of September,
same time as
Worcesterpearmain and
Honecrisp, one week before
Cox’s Orange Pippin and two
weeks before Golden Delicious

9. Firmness at harvest: 7.5 kg/cm2 (penetrometer) average all
late-ripening diploids: 8.8
Firmness after 12 weeks of regular cold storage: 2.6 kg/cm2
average all late-ripening: 4.4 (almost all other tested
varieties much more late-ripening than Fredrik)
Md-ACS1 1:2, Md-ACO1 2:2, Md-PG1 1:1, Md-EXP7 202:202
Fredrik
Quality characteristics
Average sugar, somewhat high in
acidity when harvested, well-
balanced acidity/sweetness after
4 weeks, VERY AROMATIC, highly
appreciated in Sweden, ’most
popular variety’ in large tests
with school children

10. Fredrik
Trees
Average to smallish
tree, tends to
produce short
branches and many
spurs, easily
trained but
requires fruit
thinning for good
size
Has produced high
yields of
marketable fruit in
an organic
comparative trial at
Årslev, Denmark

11. Fruit: rounded shape, somewhat variable size (60–80
mm) and colour (greenish yellow with 15–70% orange-
red cover), no russetting, no greasiness

12. Fredrik
Flowering
Flowering time: same as Gala and Golden Delicious
Self-sterility genes: s3 and s7 according to DNA tests
Resistance
Vf-resistance against apple scab
Medium sensitive to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations), and
lacking the two Lg7 Fiesta markers
Storage
Mostly marketed as a home garden variety but still
acceptable texture and taste in January after regular cold
storage
Above average susceptibility to Penicillium expansum (fruit
inoculations), average to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

13. ’
Picking time:
middle to late August, 1–2
weeks before Discovery
Medium to largish, very
productive tree, fruit ripens
during several weeks,
mainly suitable for home
gardens?
Unusually firm and crisp fruit, uneven size (60–80 mm), plum-
shaped, yellow with 20–80% intense salmon-reddish flush,
balanced acidity/sweetness, very aromatic, yellowish-pinkish
flesh
Vf-resistance against apple scab,
good field resistance against Monilia
K:1343 ‘Augusta’
Co-op 14, open pollination

14. B:1377 ‘Agnes’
Discovery open pollination
’
Picking time:
middle to late August, 1–2
weeks before Discovery
Medium-sized to smallish,
well-shaped, easily pruned
and medium-productive tree
Attractive fruit, even size (60–75 mm), rounded, yellow with
70–90% pinkish red flush, sweet and very aromatic, not as
firm as Discovery but tastes MUCH BETTER!
Good field resistance against apple scab and Monilia.
Medium to low susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip
inoculations), has one of the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

15. ’
Picking time:
August–September, as
Discovery or one week later
Medium-sized, well-shaped,
easily pruned and medium-
productive tree
B:1458 ‘Trulsa’
Eva-Lotta x B4:1547
Conical–oblong fruit with even size (65–75 mm), yellow with
30–70% stripy red cover, medium firm for an early-ripening
variety, very sweet and aromatic
Good field resistance against apple scab and Monilia.
Medium to low susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip
inoculations), has the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

16. Bf:02002 ‘Sofia’
William’s Pride x BM50602
’
Picking time:
beginning of September, as
Discovery or one week
later
Medium-sized, well-
shaped, easily pruned and
medium-productive tree
Rounded fruit, smallish (60–70 mm), yellow with 30–70% red
flush, extremely firm and crisp, balanced acidity/sweetness,
still acceptable quality after 4 months in regular cold storage!
Vf-resistance against apple scab,
good field resistance against Monilia.

17. K:1160 ‘Lovisa’
Katja x Priscilla
’
Picking time:
middle of September, as Aroma
and James Grieve
Medium-sized productive tree,
easily pruned,
no thinning required,
prone to apple canker?
Well-shaped conical fruit, even size (70–80 mm), yellow with
50–90% intense red flush, below-average firmness, sweet and
mild, receives high consumer ratings for taste and appearance
Vf-resistance against apple scab
Above average susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip
inoculations) but has the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

18. K:1016 ‘Folke’
Aroma x PRI 1858/102
’
Picking time:
first–second week of
October, same time as
Ingrid Marie and one
week after Golden
Delicious
Large productive, triploid
tree
Suitable both as a table
apple and for processing
Large rounded fruit (80–90 mm), yellow with 10–50% orange-
red flush, above-average firmness, medium sweet, high acidity/
sweetness at harvest, mellows after 2–3 months, very aromatic
Vf-resistance against apple scab
Low to average susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip
inoculations), has the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

19. K:0963 ‘Fanny’
Aroma x PRI 1858/102
’
Picking time:
first–second week of
October, same time as
Ingrid Marie and one
week after Golden
Delicious
Medium-sized productive
tree
Rounded fruit, even size (65–80 mm), yellow with 30–70%
orange-pink flush, some russetting, medium firm, balanced
acidity/sweetness, aromatic, stores well
Vf-resistance against apple scab