Technological advancements can help heighten port security in Africa by detecting potential nuclear threats. Radioactive materials could be smuggled in shipping containers and used to create dirty bombs. Port perimeters need sensors and video detection systems to monitor for radioactive contamination in vehicles and cargo. Biometrics and RFID tracking of employees and containers can also help enforce access controls and regulate the flow of goods and people. Together, modern security systems and vigilant screening processes can safeguard ports from nuclear dangers and criminal plans.

1. Heightening port security with
technological advancements in Africa
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2. Heightening port security with technological advancements in Africa
Firoze Zia Hussain
CEO & Director Totem International Ltd, India
An electronics and communication engineer who is a forward thinking and energetic professional
recognized for high-profile turnaround achievements. Was highly decorated law enforcement
professional with more than 10 years experience in security function. Successful and consistent record
of investigations, and crime prevention. Participant of the US State Department Young Leaders
Exchange Program.
Successfully executed project work and technology transfer/ collaboration at India's largest Printed
Circuit Board manufacturing plant of INDAL electronics. Pursued consultancy in Quality Circle, ISO9000,
JIT, Kaizen, TQM, Taguchi’s techniques of experimentation .A widely traversed person with diverse
contacts in global distribution of chemicals and security products.
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3. Totem International Ltd

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5. 9.00am-9.30am
Introduction-Importance of Port Security
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6. Introduction To Port Security
 IMO
 ISPS code(2002)
 SOLAS
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7. Importance of port security
 Bulk of African exports is through ports.
 2% of the world trade.
 Trades & profits.
 Extensively used conveyance for
transportation.
 Increases Africa‟s Natural Resources.
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8. Port Security can prevent
 Pirates/Terrorist Attacks.
 Smuggling of weapons.
 Illegal S/W issues & Immigration.
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9. Technological models to enhance
efficiency at ports
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10. Technologies' in ports
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11. Radio Frequency Identification
A method of communication wirelessly with a small microchip
The chip contains a unique serial number and optional memory
A chip combined with an antenna = Intelligent Label
or RFID tag or transponder or smart tag or inlay
Transponders are available as active (on-board
battery) , semi-active (on-board battery) or passive
Typical life of around 10 years (or 100k write operation)
Multiple read/write operations
No line-of-sight required
Multiple tags can be read at the same time
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12. RFID Technology
 ADC technology.
 An Rfid System
Compromises of
 One or more RF tags
 Two or more antennas
 One or more interrogators
 One or more host computers
 Appropriate software
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13. Handheld RFID Reader

14. RFID works on different
frequencies
125 KHz – LF (Low Frequency)
13.56 MHz – HF (High Frequency)
860 -960 MHz – UHF (Ultra High
Frequency)
2.45 GHz – UHF / Microwave
(Some Semi-Active
and Active Readers
are using this frequency)
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15. Benefits Through Rfid In Ports
Access Control
Container Security
RFID IN
PORTS Container Identification and Location
Activity Tracking
Regulatory
Compliance
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16. GPS Technology
 Track the position
 To avoid theft
 Highly effective & reliable
 What is happening.
 used from any where
by gps device.
 Device may size like a
watch or button on collar
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17. Cloud Technology
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18. Uses of Cloud Technology
 Reduces Cost
 Increases Information Storage
 No longer need to concentrate in constant
updates
 can gather information even if away
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19. Biometrics Technology
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20. Uses of Biometrics
 Increases Security.
 Reduces fraud.
 provides viable solution to port security.
 Can know who did what ,when and
where.
 Increases ROI.
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21. Wireless Technologies
Flow of information
Dock Port
Side
Head Employees
office
Sea Client
s
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22. Value added Services
 Crane scheduling systems and communication
 Ship-to-shore communication
 Container operations and management
 RoRo facilities
 Customs office
 Harbour Masters office
 Emergency services
 Wireless network
 IT infrastructure
 Security and access control
 Gate management
 Corporate, financial, human resources
 Services for tenants.
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23. 9.30am-10.00am
Installing Port Perimeter Security
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24. Installing Port Perimeter
Security
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26. Perimeter Surveillance includes four
basic systems
 Sensors
 Video Detection Systems
 Threat assessment
and Alarm
Management Systems
 Data Communications Systems
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27. Sensors
 Barrier Sensors
 Volumetric Sensors
 Fence Mounted Sensors
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28. Video Detection Systems
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29. Threat Assessment and Alarm
Management Systems
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31. Intrusion Detection
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32. Data Communications Systems
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33. Indoor sensors
 Passive infrared detectors
Ultrasonic detectors
Microwave detectors
Photo-electric beams
Glass break detectors
Smoke, heat &carbon monoxide
detectors
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34. Out Door Sensors
 Vibration (shaker) or
inertia sensors
 Passive magnetic field
detection
 E-field
 Microwave barriers
 Microphonic systems
 Taut wire fence systems
 Fibre optic cable
 H-field
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35. Monitored Security Solutions
 linked via the telephone line or cellular
network or both to an Alarm Receiving
Centre (ARC).
 contacting the right Authority - i.e. the
police usually, or the Fire & Rescue
Service (FRS) in the case of a fire - if
there is an activation.
 highest standards of operation.
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36. Passive systems
 Detects a potential security breach
 logs the information
 signals an alert on the console and or
owner.
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37. Reactive Systems
 intrusion prevention system (IPS).
 auto-responds to the suspicious activity.
 reprogramming the firewall to block
network traffic from the suspected
malicious source.
 IDPS is used automatically
 at the command of an operator; systems
that both "detect" (alert) and/or "prevent."
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38. Detection/alarm system.
 Deter theft as well as vandalism.
 24-hour protection of your assets and resources.
 Lower their risks associated with theft.
 Decreasing costs associated with .
* insurance premiums.
repair or replacement of property or equipment that has been damaged .
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39. 10.00am-10.30 am
Access Control
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40. Access Control
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41. Installing Rfid at Ports
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42. RFID tags
1 Passive Tags
 have no internal power supply.
 electrical current induced in the antenna by the incoming rf signal.
 Provides power for the chip to power up and transmit .
2 Active Tags
 contain sensors,
 global positioning (GPS),
 satellite links,
other enhancements
3. Semi-active tags
 battery is used to power sensors
 volatile memory.
 contactless smart cards
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43. Why RFID?
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44. Access Control
Employee ID:
 Smart and SecureTradelanes (SST).
 Container Security Initiatives (CSI).
 prevent loss and possible mischief.
 Also contain biometric information such as a photograph.
 closed circuit TV (CCTV)
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45. Vehicle Control
Equipping vehicles with RFID tags.
record the exact time of entrance & exit.
unlock fuel pumps and record fuel usage.
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46. Container Security
 sensors to monitor environmental conditions
within the container.
 GPS, sensors, and satellite phone capabilities to
constantly report the location of the container.
 satellite phone portals for commercial shippers.
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47. Container Identification and
Location
 Container Tagging
 Location Tracking
 Activity Tracking
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48. Regulatory compliance
 (AIDC) technologies + RFID
 Assures that container integrity has
been maintained
 Containers can be ‘fast tracked’ on
arrival.
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49. Containers with RFID enable
shippers and carriers to:
 container security and integrity.
 Speed shipments.
 Verify that a container was loaded at a secure loading point.
 Significantly reduce the likelihood a tamper event happened in
 Transit with container accountability from point of origin to
destination.
 Gather enough data to conduct a „virtual inspection‟ in advance
of arrival.
 Guarantee that shipping containers meet governmental security
regulations.
 Receive fast track or „green lane‟ handling through customs at
the point of dispatch and / or the point of receipt.
 Avoid extensive delays in the shipment and receipt.
 Minimise the cost of handling.
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50. Biometrics a possible solution to
improve efficiency
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51. Personal identity
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52. Verification
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53. Working principle
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54. Hand geometry technology to
improve efficiency
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55.  Identifies users by the shape of their
hands.
 The preferred technology for high-
security applications.
 Very reliable when combined with other
forms of identification.
 Hand scanners have a twenty-six bit
Wiegand output format as one of the
menu choices.
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56. Implementation Issues
Card Reader Emulation.
Stand Alone Access Control
Privacy Issues
Operation by Disabled People
Outdoor Conditions
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57. Applications
 Parking Lot Application
 Cash Vault Applications
 Dual Custody Applications
 Anti-passback
 Time and Attendance
 Point of Sale Applications
 Interactive Kiosks
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58. 10.30am-11.00am
Dealing with Nuclear Threats at Ports
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59. Nuclear Threats at Ports
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60. Anatomy of a Civil Emergency Incident
Primary
Incident
Secondary
Air/Ground/Water
Contamination
People
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61. Hazards
C = Chemical
B = Biological
R = Radiological
N = Nuclear
E = Explosive
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62. Examples of Hazards
Chemical Warfare Agents
Biological Warfare Agents
Dirty Bombs
White Powder Incidents
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63. Chemical Warfare Agents
Chemical warfare agents can be divided into the following:
Lethal agents
Nerve Agents
Asphyxiant/blood agents
Vesicant/blister Agents
Pulmonary/choking Agents
Non lethal agents
Incapacitating agents
Riot Control Agents
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64. Chemical Warfare Agents
Nerve Agent
Affects the communication between nerve cells, causing
uncontrollable muscle stimulation
Typical Symptoms: Nerve agent types:
Blurred/dim vision G- Agents
Headache Tabun (GA)
Nausea Sarin (GB)
Vomiting Soman (GD)
Diarrhoea Cyclosarin (GF)
Secretions and sweating
Muscle twitching
V Agents
Laboured breathing VE
Seizures VG
Loss of consciousness VM
VX
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65. Biological Warfare Agents
Biological warfare agents can be divided into the following:
Lethal agents
Bacteria
Viruses
Toxins derived
from bacteria
Toxins derived
from plants
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66. Dirty Bombs
An Atom 3 Types of Ionising Radiation
α β γ
Proton Alpha Beta Gamma
(Positive) Particles Particles Rays &
X Rays
Nucleus
Neutron
(Neutral)
Electron
(Negative)
Aluminium
Lead
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67. Who responds and how?
 Different countries; different processes
◦ E.g. Israel & France: no decontamination at
scene etc
 Development of “Zones”
◦ Hot zone, warm zone, cold zone
◦ Contaminated, decontamination, clean.
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68. Typically Half-
mask/disposable/skin
protection – if nec.
Typically
SCBA/Gas suits Crowd Control Line
Exclusion (Hot) Zone
Decontamination Line
Hot Line
Typically Full-face/ Protection
Protection Level A Protection
appropriate filter/suit Level C
Level B
or P&SA/ suit
Contamination Reduction (Warm) Zone
Support (Cold) Zone
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69. Zone Description
Dynamic situation
Hot Zone Warm Zone Cold Zone
Convenient barrier to Outer cordon - control public
Decontamination zone
contain primary source access (& escape!)
Typically last zone to be Typically 2nd zone to be
1st zone to be created
created created
Expect Monitoring of
Entry likely before
Secondary contamination Monitoring only to ensure
Detection, Identification,
once hot zone detection and contamination-free
Monitoring
identification complete
Possibly unknown
Hazards should be identified Should be non-hazardous
Hazards
Contamination from Contamination only from
Should be contamination-free
Primary Source Secondary Sources
Contamination Possibly Contamination should be
Should be contamination-free
above IDLH below IDLH
Typically minimal if any
Typically negative pressure or
Typically use SCBA (and protection: post-
powered filtering respirators
Gas-tight suits if decontamination clothing;
and full skin protection -
necessary) possibly MFR-type respirators
minimum liquid-tight.
as safeguard
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70. Desired Response
Fire Service Police Fire & Ambulance
Hot Zone Warm & Cold Zone Warm Zone
Detection, Identification Reconnaissance Triage
& Monitoring Crime Scene Mass Decontamination
Reconnaissance Management Casualty Transport
Search & Rescue Firearms use
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71. Dealing with the Nuclear Threats
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75. 11.00am - 11.30am
Morning Refreshments & Networking
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76. 11.30am -12.00pm
Benefits of Electronic Surveillance
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77. Benefits of Electronic surveillance
Installing Night vision equipment
 They are good when you want to get a better look at a
specific object and then return to normal viewing
Conditions.
 Have a single lens or stereo lens, depending on the
model , excellent for constant viewing, such as moving
around in a dark building.
 Cameras with night-vision technology can send the
image to a monitor for display or to a VCR for
recording. When night-vision capability is desired in a
permanent location, such as on a building or as part of
the equipment in a helicopter, cameras are used..
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78. Purpose of Night vision Camera’s
 To locate enemy targets at night
 For navigation, surveillance and targeting
 It reveals whether an area has been disturbed.
 To discover items that have been hidden by criminals,
including money, drugs and bodies.
 Changes to areas such as walls can be seen using
thermal imaging.
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79. Thermal imaging cameras
 All thermal imaging
cameras have infrared detector.
 use these cameras to locate targets,
track people, intelligence gathering
and surveillance
 used for surveillance and security.
 can detect the minute temperature
changes and this is generated as an
image on a screen.
 now cameras are available for other
purposes like sensing sailing boats.
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81. Benefits of Low lux camera’s
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82. High mega pixel cameras
 IP security cameras provide
optimum picture quality and better
frame.
 These cameras use
inexpensive sensors and
mechanical shutters to control
exposure and time
Offers a way to increase the
detailed capture within an image
without sacrificing the area of the
camera.
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83. 12.00pm-1.00pm
Crisis Response & Management
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84. Crisis response and management
Likely situations at the port:
 Theft of containerized cargo
 high-risk containers
 Terrorist Attacks
 Smuggling
 Explosion
 Thefts during loading and unloading of cargo
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85. Theft of Cargo can be avoided
through Rfid Technology
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86. Vehicle Control
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87.  Vehicle access control
 Vehicle identification & tracking
 Trailer identification & tracking
 Transport, fleet & yard management
 Driver authorisation
 Parking management
 Machine safety & auto shut of
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88. Boom Barriers
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89. Bollards
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90. Walk Through Metal Detector
scanning from both sides
provides superior detection
superior target analysis
uniformity and performance
ferrous and non-ferrous weapons detection
designed for mass transit, loss prevention
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91. Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Based
Technology
Audible and Visual Alarms
Entry Pacing Lights
Floor Mounting Option
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92. Integrated Gps Reciever & Antena
Wireless Radio Design
Tilt & dead reckoning System
WPAN
WWAN
WLAN
Bar code Reader Support
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93. Under Vehicle Scanners
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94.  High Security Facilities
Live & Continuous Under Belly Video Scanning
Capture number plate and driver image
Count vehicles & space
Log Vehicular Details
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95. How to deal with such situations
 X-ray and Radiation Portal Monitors(RPM)
 Intelligent video systems
 Crane-mounted sensors
 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags
 Intelligent device management
 Maritime domain awareness
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96. 1.00pm- 2.15 pm
Networking Lunch
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97. 2.15pm - 3.30pm
Loss and theft prevention
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98. ROI for security equipment and
technology
 Are my employees being honest about their hours worked
 A security director can view and download incident online
without having to pull the incident from the DVR.
 Remote access can save a business in fleet expenses, travel
expenditures, and time and resource management.
 Be in multiple places at one time.
 A win-win for all parties anytime, anywhere access.
 Convergence opens new ROI opportunities for security
providers, who are investing R&D dollars to position themselves
at the forefront of the convergence revolution.
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99. Using surveillance to prevent theft
 Generates hypotheses
 Monitor trends
 Detect clusters and outbreaks
 objectives can be met very rapidly and often more
accurately than with other reporting systems.
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100. Reducing possibility of missing containers and
missing cargo in containers
RFID Tags
Cloud devices
IDS
SURVIELLENCE
DEVICES
Container Tracking
Activity Tracking
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101. Rfid Tags
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102. RFID Asset Tracking
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104. Cloud Devices
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105. Intrusion Detectors
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106. Surveillance Devices
Works day& night
Infrared
intelligence
No special
software needed
Captures all
images
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108. Features
captures a full 10-print record in well
under 10 seconds.
using a two capture process instead of
the traditional three capture 4 Slap process.
.
No other external power source is
required.
Applications range from
 Enrolment,
 Verification/identification,
 Physical/logical access
 Quick look-up applications.
Complete enrolment application available
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109. 3.30pm - 4.00 pm
Afternoon Refreshments & Networking
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110. 4.00pm - 4.30pm
Case Studies
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111. 4.30pm-5.00pm
Question & Answer Session
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112. Thank You
Firoze Zia Hussain
CEO & Director, Totem International Ltd.
Email :firoze@totemint.com
ph no:+91 9618621234
Totem International Ltd. 6 ,Totem house, Punjagutta, Hyderabad 500082, India
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