in this ppt you can easily express your points and views to others

2. • Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given species,
ecosystem or biome.
• "Biodiversity" is most commonly used to replace the more clearly defined
and long established terms, species diversity and species richness.
• Biologists most often define biodiversity as the "totality of genes, species,
and ecosystems of a region". An advantage of this definition is that it
seems to describe most circumstances and presents a unified view of the
traditional three levels at which biological variety has been identified:
species diversity
ecosystem diversity
genetic diversity

4. .

6. There are three different types
of forest
•Reserve forest
•Protected forest
•Unclassed forest

7. If you look around you will be able to find unique
type of plants and animals in your area.
 India is one of the richest bio diversity country
in the world.
 Flora and fauna : Over 81,000 species of fauna
about 15,000 flowering plants are endemic.

9. PINK HEADED DUCK

10. MOUNTAIN QUAIL

12. FOREST SPOTTED OWLET

13. MADHUCA INSIGNIS

16.  International union of conservation of nature is an
international organisation dedicated to finding
pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment
challenges.
 IUCN supports scientific research ,manages field
projects globally and brings governments and non –
government organizations , united nations together to
develop and implement policy

18. Whose population levels are considered to
normal for survival. e.g.: cattle, pine.
These are the which are in the danger of
extinction survival of such organism make it difficult e.g.: Indian
rhino ,black buck.
These are the species that are found only in
some particular areas isolated from geographical conditions e.g.:
Nicobar pigeon, wild pig.

23. Between 1951 to 1980,accordind to forest survey of India , over
26,200sq.km , of forest area was converted into agricultural land all over
India .
Substantial parts of tribal parts , especially in the north and northern
eastern parts of the country is due to shifting cultivation .
Large scale development projects have also contributed to the loss of
forests.

24. Distribution of
forest and wild
life resources
Reserved
Forests
Protected
forests
Unclassed
Forests

25. RESERVEDFORESTS PROTECTED FORESTS UNCLASSEDFORESTS
• More than half of the total
forests have been declared as
reserved forests. They are
regarded as the most valuable
as far the conservation of forest
resources are concerned
• Almost one third of the total
forest area is protected forest, as
declared by the forest
department. This forests land is
protected from any further
depletion.
• These are other forests and
wastelands belonging to both
government and private
individuals and communities.
• Jammu and Kashmir,
Andhra Pradesh, Uttaranchal,
Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West
Bengal and Maharashtra have
large percentages of reserved
forests.
• Bihar, Haryana, Punjab,
Himachal Pradesh, Orissa and
Rajasthan have a bulk of it under
protected forests.
• All the North-Eastern states
and parts of Gujarat have very
high percentage of their forests
as unclassed forests managed
by local communities.

26. Government’s role in conservation of wildlife
 Wildlife protectionact 1972
 ProjectTiger 1972-73
 Forest Protection Act 1980-88
 Anti Poaching Agencies
 State wildlife dept.
 State forest dept.
 Ministry of Environment and Forest
 Army ( if applicable)
 Police
 Border security Force and Coast guards
 Wildlife Conservation Society.

27. PROJECT TIGER
• “Project Tiger”, one of the well-publicised wildlife campaigns in the world, was
launched in 1973.
• Initially, it showed success as the tiger population went up to 4,002 in 1985 and
4,334 in 1989. But in 1993, the population of the tiger had dropped to 3,600.
• There were 39 tiger reserves in India covering an area of 32137.14 sq km* Tiger
conservation has been viewed not only as an effort to save an endangered
species, but with equal importance as a means of preserving biotypes of
sizeable magnitude.
• Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand, Sunderbans National Park in West
Bengal, Bandhavgarh National Park in Madhya Pradesh, Sariska Wildlife
Sanctuary in Rajasthan, Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam and Periyar Tiger
Reserve in Kerala are some of the tiger reserves of India.

30. SACRED GROVES
• Nature worship is an age old tribal belief based on the
premise that all creations of nature have to be protected.
Such belies have preserved several virgin forests in pristine
from called sacred groves.
• The Mundas and the Santhals of Chhota Nagpur region
worship Mahua (Bassi latifolia) and Kadamba(Anthocaphalus
cadamba) trees and the Tribals of Orissa and Bihar worship
the Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) and Mango (Mangifra
indica) trees during weddings.

31. MOVEMENTS
1. Chipko Movement – Early 1970 in GHARWAL HIMALAYAS
Uttarakhand
2. Beej Bachao Andolan – 1980 Tehri in Uttarakhand
3. Navdanya- 1984 Started by an NGO to protect India's Biodiversity
organic farming and SEED SAVING
In India Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme furnishes a
good example for involving Local communities in the management
and restoration of degraded forests. The programme is been in
formal since 1988 in ODISHA when the state passed the first
resolution for JFM

32. LOCAL
VILLAGES
INSTITUTIONS
ACTION
ON
DEGRADED
FOREST