Proposal

By Faraz Ahmad Khan
Roll No:1211037
BS-Software Engineering
3rd Semester Morning

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Faraz Ahmad Khan BS-SE 3rd Semester

Thursday, January 09, 2014

Purpose Of Proposals
The purpose of a proposal is similar to that of a recommendation-justification
report, both aim to solve a problem, after a procedure, find answer to questions,
after advice and training, or conduct research on a topic of interest. Basically a
requester is concerned with one question: Will the proposal as stated meet our
needs? May be such types of proposal are given:
 To sell property, such as airplanes, machine, buildings.
 To construct parking structure, building, bridges, water system, etc.
 To survey water areas for possible oil fields.
Although the above topics are large in scope, smaller projects are also
made known to individual and corporation:
 Improving engineering and just-in-time (JIT) performance within a company.

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Cont of Purpose Of Proposal
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Communication strategic issues throughout the company.
Preparing international managers for work in Asia.
Planning and basic research before developing an automobile factory.
Constructing—as a subcontractor—buildings as part of a large project.

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Cont of Purpose Of Proposal
There are several formats to a proposal, but one that has the greatest flexibility
and has achieved the widest acceptance is as follows:
Front Matter
 Letter of transmittal
 Title Page
 Project Summary (approx. 200 word abstract)
Introduction:It presents and summarizes the problem you intend to solve and
your solution to that problem, including the benefits the reader/group will
receive from the solution and the cost of that solution.
Body
Project Proposal: (Includes Statement of the Problem, Proposed Solution(s),
Program of Implementation, Conclusions/Recommendations)

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Kinds Of Proposals
There are many types of proposal including RFP (Request for Proposal),
informal proposal, businessproposal, marketing proposal, project proposal, sales
proposal, research proposal, grant proposal, book proposal, and speculative
proposal.Some require us to respond in very specific ways; e.g., an RFP
requires detailed responses toparticular questions. Grant proposals may be
similar, where applicants must complete specific forms.The Top 5 Proposal
Types that people seek help with online are:
 Grant Proposals - For funding proposals to all levels of government.
 Business Proposals - For all types of business proposals
 Technical Proposals - Research, academic, business and government
 Project Proposals - For all types of projects - all sectors
 Sales Proposals - For all types of products and services
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Cont Kinds Of Proposals
No doubt there are other types of proposals as well. These are just the ones that I
noticed that peoplewho were coming to my websites have been looking for
information on.There are many different types of proposal requests created by
organizations for a variety of purposes. Proposal requests are useful when
attempting to negotiate the terms of providing a service orrequesting resources
for operational or project needs. A proposal request is most often used to secure
a contract with another organization or to obtain funding for a specific
purpose.The most common form of a proposal request is a solicited request, also
known as a request forproposal, or RFP. This type of proposal request may be
advertised in a local or industrial publication byan entity to directly request
vendors to send in written proposals.

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Parts Of Proposals
1. Cover Letter
2. Proposal Summary
3. Introduction
4. Problem Statement
5. Target Population
6. Goal
7. Objectives
8. Methods
9. Evaluation
10. Budget
11. Future Funding
12. Supporting Material

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Cont Parts Of Proposals
1. Cover Letter
a. It identifies the applicant to the Fellowship submitting
the project proposal
b. It identifies what you are sending them and what you
are requesting from them.
c. It is signed by the applicant for the Fellowship.
2. Proposal Summary
a.It is less than one page.
b. It describes the problem you propose to solve/the
issue that you want to address, how you plan to solve
it, and how much it will cost.

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3. Introduction
a. It describes you, your educational and/or professional background relevant to
the project, your language abilities, and shows your involvement and
understanding of water resources management issues in your region /country
/locality.
b. It describes your institutional affiliations, your expertise in the field and your
ability to design and
deliver the proposed project, your other programs, activities, and
accomplishments.
c. It states why you are interested in the subject area of the proposal.
d. It identifies whether you intend to seek other funding sources, including nongrant sources.
e. It mentions the support or acclaim you have received from others.
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4. Problem Statement
a. It states exactly and specifically what the problem is.
b. It identifies the underlying causes of the problem.
c. It documents the problem and gives evidence for your explanation of it.
d. It states how serious and widespread the problem is. It states how many people
are affected.
e. It identifies the likely consequences if the problem is allowed to continue.
f. The problem statement shows that you have a good understanding of the problem
or issue targeted by the proposed project
5. Target Population
a. It identifies the target population and states how many of them will benefit from
the proposed program.
b. It shows that you are knowledgeable about the target group.
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c. It argues convincingly why the target group has been chosen.


6. Goal
a. It identifies what you want to accomplish.
b. The goal flows logically from the causes of the problem.
c. Accomplishing the goal will reduce or eliminate the problem.
d. It is realistic to try to achieve the goal.
7. Objectives
a. They flow logically from the problem and the goal.
b. They lead to the reduction of the problem and achievement of the goal.
c. They are specific.
d. They are measurable.
e. It is realistic to accomplish them in the time specified.
f. They identify who is responsible for them.
g. They state by what date they will be accomplished.

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8. Methods
a. They describe how you will accomplish each objective.
b. They describe who you will work with or who will help
you, what are their qualifications, and what they will do.
c. They identify other methods considered and rejected.
e. They identify the facilities, equipment, and materials needed to operate the
program.
f. They provide a time-line of the project development and implementation
g. They explain how the people being served and other stakeholders will be able to
influence the program.

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9. Evaluation
a. It describes the method(s) you will use to evaluate
(and monitor) the program.
b. It describes who will carry out the evaluation. When.
c. It tells the reader what you will be looking for in the
evaluation.
d. It describes what will be done with the results.

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10. Budget
a. The budget is an accurate reflection of the projected
costs and revenue involved in running your program.
b. The budget compares favorably with those of similar
programs.
c. All the cost items are justified.
d. It is comprehensive, with all costs directly related to the project are taken into
account (not the costs related to the residency period in Sydney)
e. It is easily readable. Preferably presented in a separate Excel document, with a line
for each budget item.
f. It adds up correctly.
g. It does not exceed the US$10,000 limit for the project grant (if additional or on14
going funding is required, its source should be identified)


11. Future Funding (if applicable)
a. It describes how much financial support will be
necessary to keep the program going once current
funding expires.
b. It identifies the likelihood of additional support,
including other funders to which the proposal is being
sent.
c. It makes a case for the likelihood of those funders
continuing financial support for the program.
12. Supporting Material
a. Letters of support , prior work in the area
b. Other supporting material is included (press articles,
etc.).

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