2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
•Introduction
•Most affected sectors by corruption in Pakistan
•Top 10 corrupt countries in the world
•Pakistan ranking in the corrupt countries
•Causes of corruption in Pakistan
•Solutions
•Conclusions
3. INTRODUCTI
ON
Corruption is a social evil , it is very disastrous , it not
only effect the working govt. but also the society . No
country in the world is save from this evil , even
developed countries has to fight with this disease and
has proved to be disastrous for developing countries
like Pakistan . Corruption is illegal , irregular and
unlawful exercise in order to obtain some benefits
either in monetary form or to gain some power .
Generally corruption is interpret in a sense of bribery .
Range of corruption contains everything from bribery to
power or professional malpractice . Favoritism and
misuse of powers are immediate outcome of corruption
.
4. Quaid-e-Azam described corruption as curse while he
was addressing to Constituent Assembly ; he said ;
“One of the biggest curse from which India is
suffering is bribery and corruption that is a poison
,we must put that down with an iron hand .”
History proved him right in his approach as after 64
years of independence ; corruption has eroded the
economy of Pakistan , imbued social immorality and
has dreadful implication on governance.
5. Most affected sectors by corruption in
Pakistan
•Police and law enforcement:
According to recently survey Police is on top .
Everybody is involved in corruption . It may be favoritism ,
bribery , blackmail or just plain influence . Most of the
police officers have forgotten that they were hired to safe
guard the lives of the people and provide them justice and
safety .
•Judiciary and legal profession:
Corruption in judicial systems is threatening the
protection of human rights. A united nations independence
expert said , urging governments to implement policies to
strengthen the rule of law combat this practice .
“The pervasiveness of corruption in the judiciary and legal
profession, whether one off or endemic , is very worrying
because it directly undermines the rule of law and the
ability of the judiciary to guarantee the protection of
human rights .”
6. • Tax and customs:
Tax and customs authorities are frequently among the
most corrupt institution in many countries for staff,
opportunities for corruption and temptation to engage in it
numerous, including speeding up services, undervaluing
cargo and helping with tax evasion. Based on experiences
from a wide range of countries. According to 2002 study ,
99% of 256 respondents reported facing corruption with
regards to taxation . Furthermore, 32% of respondents
reported paying bribes to have their tax assessment
lowered, and nearly 14% reported receiving fictitious tax
assessment until a bribe was paid.
•Health sector:
Crises has landed up to the health care system in
Pakistan too. Its so miserable that the outer infra structure
of public health sector are upgraded but the interior has
relegated and is no more in use as what it was meant to be
. Basic care is not supplied to them then what’s the purpose
to have such a big building with no delivery of care? The
rationale behind this condition is in our hospital is due to
drastic rise of corruption rate.
7. • Education sector:
Pakistan is not the only country facing corruption in
education alone. It covers the whole world, even those
countries that are the flag-bearers of modern learning and
boast of a top-class academia.
UNESCO in 2007 reported examined in detail how
corruption damaged universities and schools around the
world. Koichiro Matsuura, the then director-general of
UNESCO, remarked that :
“such widespread corruption not only costs societies billions
of dollars , it also seriously undermines the vital efforts to
provide education for all.”
While corruption in education is a global issue, an objective
comparison between corruption trends in Pakistan and other
states reveals marginal differences in terms of the nature,
means and methods. In Pakistan, corruption in education is
institutionalized in such a way that it has become the norm,
whereas in other counties rogue elements are involved in
corruption at the individual level and in clandestine manner.
8. •Land administration:
Pakistani land administration is rife with corruption .
According to the Transparency International Pakistan
National Corruption Perception Survey 2011,
respondents considered land administration as the most
corrupt government department . A majority of the
respondents reported having faced corruption when
dealing with land administration officials, and this
problem is also reflected in the Transparency
International Global Corruption Barometer 2013 , in
which more than half of the surveyed households report
to have paid a bribe to land services in 2012.
9. TOP 10 CORRUPT COUNTRIES IN THE
WORLD
• SOMALIA
• AFGHANISTAN
• BURMA
• SUDAN
• IRAQ
• CHAD
• UZBEKISTAN
• TURKMENISTAN
• IRAN
• HAITI
10. PAKISTAN RANKING IN CORRUPT COUNTRIES
Pakistan ranking on the corruption Perception Index
(CPI) has gone from beginning the 42nd most corrupt
country in 2011 to 33rd in 2012.
And in 2013 Pakistan ranking in the CPI is 48th .
CAUSE OF CORRUPTION IN PAKISTAN
Everyone wants to fulfill their needs or to get success
so corrupt ways are used for that purpose . This is the
reason for many types of corruption. Some of them are
discussed bellow:
• LOW SALERIES:
The basic reason for corruption is low salaries. So
mostly corruption is to be seen where there are people
having fewer salaries they use corrupt ways to achieve
the goal. It is true that they do not have any other way
to fulfill their needs.
11. •LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY AND REGULATION:
Corruption is more prevalent because of lack of
accountability and regulation. If money that the
government receives is going in their pocket rather
than being spent on the people who need it, on their
education, health and so on, then the consequences
are obvious that many people do not pay taxes. The
government doesn’t get any money from taxes and
so can’t do anything to help people.
• CULTURE:
Corruption on low-level is systematic and fed
by desperation. In many of these nations, it’s almost
expected that a policeman or clerk will earn a fair
amount of income through bribes, so the states pay
these workers less based on the assumptions. The
“everyman for himself” attitude in some cultures
encourages this.
12. SOLUTIONS
Following are some solutions to reduce corruption
from our home land:
•Salaries of the government servants working at lower
level should be increased.
•All civil and military officers, politicians and other
responsible persons should be asked to file a
declaration of their assets before assuming any public
office. A security of their wealth, after they have
relinquished that office should also be made.
•The institution of Ombudsman should be given more
powers. The scope and areas of his jurisdiction should
be enlarged.
•A powerful anti-corruption commission comprising
known men of integrity should be constituted. It
should be empowered to take action against any
person found guilty.
13. CONCLUSIONS
Corruption can only be minimized by deterrent
legislation ; which ensures that the crime of corruption
will not pay , neither in short nor in long term.
Developing a system to post these dynamic people to
the heads of NAB, FIA, Anti-corruption departments of
provincials governments.
Also, these departments must be independent
accountable to higher judiciary only.
And proper enforcement of law .
