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H.S. (Erik) Schoppen
DE CHEMIE
VAN GELUK!
DE NEUROWETENSCHAP EN POSITIEVE PSYCHOLOGIE ACHTER GELUKSGEVOELENS
EN HOE DIT KAN BIJDRAGEN AAN MEER BALANS, (WERK)GELUK EN WELZIJN.
SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE PhD RESEARCH
TRUSTING SUSTAINABILITY
PHYSICAL
IMPACT SOCIETY & ENVIRONMENT
POSITIVE SOCIETY & SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY
SHORT TERM REWARD
BENEVOLENCE & FEELING GOOD
(do what feels right
by being pro-social)
LONG TERM TRUST
WELL-BEING & BALANCE
(living in harmony
with environment)
MENTAL
EMOTIONS & EMPATHY
Sustainable
& prosocial
positioning
Trust &
behavior
change
leads to
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
worldbrainwave.com
ONLINE RESEARCH PLATFORM PROVIDING TOOLS FOR NEUROSCIENTIFIC
PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL, ORGANISATIONAL AND ECONOMICAL RESEARCH
Social neuroscience is about
how we feel, act and react
socially to others,
our decision making,
emotions and trust,
and how we build
trust relationships.
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
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Social connections & trust relations (planning, investing, depending)
Getting & sharing experience by helping others (meaning, altruism)
Receiving / giving appreciation (gratitude increases wellness, lessen stress)
We all want to be the same (vulnerability, belonging, being part of a group)
TRUST IN OTHERSTRUST IN SELF
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMhttps://www.livescience.com/23621-it-pays-to-be-a-nice-baboon.html
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
BALANCE
fairness, flow, empathic, leadershipShared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Transcendental level Purpose drivenBe
Holistic
FUTURE
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Do
Feel
ink
Semantic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
PRESENT
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
informatie
wordt kort
opgeslagen
voor direct
gebruik
FRONTAAL
KWAB
written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam
NEOCORTEX
NEOMAMMALIAN
LIMBIC SYSTEM
PALEOMAMMALIAN
BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM
PROTO REPTILIAN BRAIN
INSTINCTS
REPTILE
EMOTIONS
MAMMAL
PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
RATIO
HUMAN
INSTINCTS
REPTILE
PRIMARILY
PHYSIOLOGICAL
NEEDS
FEELINGS &
EXPRESSIONS
REASON &
PLANNING
CULTURE &
TRADITIONS THREE STAGES OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
PRIMING CONDITIONING
500.000.000250.000.00050.00020.0005.000
HUMAN BRAINS EVOLVED TO BE MORE RESPONSIVE
TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
2
HUMAN
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
BALANCE
fairness, flow, empathic, leadershipShared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Transcendental level Purpose drivenBe
Holistic
FUTURE
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Do
Feel
ink
Semantic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
PRESENT
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioningBehavior (Homeostatis)
Do
Procedural PAST
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
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HOMEOSTASIS = BALANCE
INTUITIVE CHOICES BASED ON CHEMICALS (LIKE INSULIN)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
HOMEOSTASIS = BALANCE
INTUITIVE CHOICES BASED ON CHEMICALS (LIKE INSULIN)
FEAR
JOY
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REWARD
BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF TRIGGERS
LOSS
DOUBT
PLEASURE
PAIN
EXITEMENT
SORROW
REGRET
DISGUST
FOOD & SEX
APPROACH
BEHAVIOR
AVOIDANCE
BEHAVIOR
ANGER
EMPATHY
Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
EVOLUTIONAIRY MOTIVATIONS
RELATIONSHIPS ARE
ABOUT REWARD, RISK & TRUST
SHARING RESOURCES
PRIMATES SHARE FOOD FOR KINSHIP, RECIPROCITY, SOCIAL BONDS AND PREVENTING FIGHTS ON FOOD TRANSFERS
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PRO-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR &
SUSTAINABLE HAPPINESS
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
BALANCE
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiencesWell-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Emotional level Response drivenFeel
Episodical
PRESENT
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
informatie
wordt kort
opgeslagen
voor direct
gebruik
FRONTAAL
KWAB
written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam
NEOCORTEX
NEOMAMMALIAN
LIMBIC SYSTEM
PALEOMAMMALIAN
BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM
PROTO REPTILIAN BRAIN
INSTINCTS
REPTILE
EMOTIONS
MAMMAL
PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
RATIO
HUMAN
INSTINCTS
REPTILE
PRIMARILY
PHYSIOLOGICAL
NEEDS
FEELINGS &
EXPRESSIONS
REASON &
PLANNING
CULTURE &
TRADITIONS THREE STAGES OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
PRIMING CONDITIONING
500.000.000250.000.00050.00020.0005.000
HUMAN BRAINS EVOLVED TO BE MORE RESPONSIVE
TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
2
HUMAN
22
Smell
Sensory
input
Sensory
memory
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
EMOTION
information
coordination
to right parts
cortex
FRONTAL
LOBE
PARIETAL
LOBE
OCCIPITAL
KWAB
TEMPORAL
LOBE
Information
is encoded to
relevant facts
encoded
information gets
stored in
short and long-term
memory
indien nodig
worden
herinneringen
weer geactiveerd
information gets
encoded and
stored
information gets
encoded and
stored
Gehoor
encoded
information
is stored
sends
sensory
information
to the right parts
in the cortex
RATIO
LIMBIC
SYSTEM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Amygdala
500.000.000250.000.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
PRIMING CONDITIONING
Thalamus
50.0002
PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
FRONTAL
LOBE
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
CONDITIONING
RATIONAL
CONSCIOUS
DECISIONS
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

PLANNING &
CONTROL
EMOTIONAL
REWARD, MOTIVATION,
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

SENSORY INFO
INSTINCTIVE
BEHAVIOR
FOOD, SEX,
SAFETY
COORDINATION
SUBCONSCIOUS
RAPID MOTOR
MOVEMENT
FEAR
PAIN / AROUSAL
SEEING
VISUAL
CORTEX
FEELING
TOUCH
CONSCIOUS
MOTOR
MOVEMENT
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
HEARING
DRIVES
REWARD
GAIN
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
THE MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN
5%
95%
MOTOR
CORTEX
SENSORY
CORTEX
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
FRONTAL
LOBE
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
CONDITIONING
EMOTIONAL
REWARD, MOTIVATION,
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

SENSORY INFO
INSTINCTIVE
BEHAVIOR
FOOD, SEX,
SAFETY
COORDINATION
SUBCONSCIOUS
RAPID MOTOR
MOVEMENT
FEAR
PAIN / AROUSAL
SEEING
VISUAL
CORTEX
FEELING
TOUCH
CONSCIOUS
MOTOR
MOVEMENT
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
HEARING
DRIVES
REWARD
GAIN
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
THE MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN
95%
MOTOR
CORTEX
SENSORY
CORTEX
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
FRONTAL
LOBE
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
CONDITIONING
RATIONAL
CONSCIOUS
DECISIONS
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

PLANNING &
CONTROL
EMOTIONAL
REWARD, MOTIVATION,
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

SENSORY INFO
INSTINCTIVE
BEHAVIOR
FOOD, SEX,
SAFETY
COORDINATION
SUBCONSCIOUS
RAPID MOTOR
MOVEMENT
FEAR
PAIN / AROUSAL
SEEING
VISUAL
CORTEX
FEELING
TOUCH
CONSCIOUS
MOTOR
MOVEMENT
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
HEARING
DRIVES
REWARD
GAIN
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
‘WE’ THINK THAT ‘WE’ THINK RATIONAL…
…BUT OUR BRAIN
DOES NOT WORK THAT WAY
MOTOR
CORTEX
SENSORY
CORTEX
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
FRONTAL
LOBE
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
CONDITIONING
RATIONAL
CONSCIOUS
DECISIONS
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

PLANNING &
CONTROL
EMOTIONAL
REWARD, MOTIVATION,
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

SENSORY INFO
INSTINCTIVE
BEHAVIOR
FOOD, SEX,
SAFETY
COORDINATION
SUBCONSCIOUS
RAPID MOTOR
MOVEMENT
FEAR
PAIN / AROUSAL
SEEING
VISUAL
CORTEX
FEELING
TOUCH
CONSCIOUS
MOTOR
MOVEMENT
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
HEARING
DRIVES
REWARD
GAIN
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
FOLLOWING THE PATH OF EMOTION?
MOTOR
CORTEX
SENSORY
CORTEX
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
FRONTAL
LOBE
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
CONDITIONING
RATIONAL
CONSCIOUS
DECISIONS
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

PLANNING &
CONTROL
EMOTIONAL
REWARD, MOTIVATION,
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

SENSORY INFO
INSTINCTIVE
BEHAVIOR
FOOD, SEX,
SAFETY
COORDINATION
SUBCONSCIOUS
RAPID MOTOR
MOVEMENT
FEAR
PAIN / AROUSAL
SEEING
VISUAL
CORTEX
FEELING
TOUCH
CONSCIOUS
MOTOR
MOVEMENT
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
HEARING
DRIVES
REWARD
GAIN
ASSOCIATION
CORTEX
RULE #1
AVOID
‘PAIN’
RULE #2
INCREASE
‘GAIN’
BUT… INSTINCT DRIVES EMOTION DRIVES ACTION
1
2
MOTOR
CORTEX
SENSORY
CORTEX
28
Smell
Sensory
input
Sensory
memory
information
shortly
stored
for direct
usage
EMOTION
information
coordination
to right parts
cortex
FRONTAL
LOBE
PARIETAL
LOBE
OCCIPITAL
KWAB
TEMPORAL
LOBE
Information
is encoded to
relevant facts
encoded
information gets
stored in
short and long-term
memory
indien nodig
worden
herinneringen
weer geactiveerd
information gets
encoded and
stored
information gets
encoded and
stored
Gehoor
encoded
information
is stored
sends
sensory
information
to the right parts
in the cortex
RATIO
LIMBIC
SYSTEM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Amygdala
500.000.000250.000.00010.0005.000 written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam Hearing
PRIMING CONDITIONING
Thalamus
50.0002
FEAR
PAIN / AROUSAL
1
REWARD
GAIN
2
PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
FEAR
REWARD
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
REWARD
LOSS
DOUBT
PLEASURE
PAINSORROW
REGRET
DISGUST
FOOD & SEX
APPROACH
BEHAVIOR
AVOIDANCE
BEHAVIOR
ANGER
EMPATHY
Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
GAIN
2
PAIN
1EXCITEMENT
BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF TRIGGERS
EVOLUTIONAIRY MOTIVATIONS
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ASSOCIATION NETWORK
CONNECTING
KNOWLEDGE WITH EMOTION
AND BEHAVIOR
www.centreforbrainhealth.ca/events/dr-greg-dunn-self-reflected
FEAR
(PAIN)
REWARD
(GAIN)
HIPPOCAMPUS
(INFORMATION HUB)
1
2
NEURONS COMMUNICATE THROUGH SYNAPTIC CLEFTS
BY NEUROTRANSMITTERS BETWEEN THE NEURONS
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
NEUROCHEMICAL MESSENGERS
NITROGEN
ATOM
HYDROGEN
ATOM
OXIGEN
ATOM
CARBON
ATOM
TRUST IS BALANCE OF NEUROCHEMICALS
EMOTIONS SIGNAL ‘GAIN / PAIN’ ACTIVATION
FEAR
REWARD
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
REWARD
LOSS
DOUBT
PLEASURE
PAINSORROW
REGRET
DISGUST
FOOD & SEX
APPROACH
BEHAVIOR
AVOIDANCE
BEHAVIOR
ANGER
EMPATHY
Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
GAIN
2
PAIN
1EXCITEMENT
BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF TRIGGERS
EVOLUTIONAIRY MOTIVATIONS = EMOTIONS
FEARRELIEF
SADNESS
JOY
ANGER
SURPRISE
DISGUST
EMPATHY
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
REWARD
COMPLEX EMOTIONS ARE COMBINATIONS
BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF EMOTIONS
LOSS
DOUBT
PLEASURE
PAIN
EXCITEMENT
SORROW
REGRET
REJECTACCEPT
DEPRESSED
HAPPINESS
AGONY
ANXIETY
ASHAMED
AFFINITY
HIGH TRUST
DISTRUST
HOPE
DESPAIR
Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
FEARRELIEF
SADNESS
ANGER
EMPATHY
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
REWARD
EMOTIONS TO HELP ’GAIN’ ACTIVATION
BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF EMOTIONS
LOSS
IMPULS, DOUBT
RISKTAKING
PLEASURE
PAIN
EXCITEMENT
SORROW
REGRET, GUILT, SHAME
COMPULSIVENESS
(NOR)EPINEPHRINE
OXYTOCIN
SEROTONIN
ENDORFIN
CORTISOL
(NOR)EPINEPHRINELOW
DOP. SERO. END.
LOW
OXY. (NO)REPI.
SEROTONIN
OXYTOCIN
ALTRUISM, AGREEABLENESS
& FAIRNESS
LOW SELF-ESTEME & LESS SOCIAL CONTACT
HIGH SELF-ESTEME & MORE SOCIAL CONTACT
STRESSED
CALM
GABA GLUTAMATE
ANNOYANCE, HATRED
& UNFAIRNESS
HIGH TRUST
DISTRUST
HOPE
DESPAIR
CORTISOL
DOPAMINE
JOY
DOPAMINE
ENDORFIN
Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
DISGUST
SEROTONIN
(NOR)EPINEPHRINE
SURPRISE
DOPAMINE
(NOR)EPINEPHRINE
FEARRELIEF
SADNESS
ANGER
EMPATHY
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
REWARD
BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF EMOTIONS
LOSS
IMPULS, DOUBT
RISKTAKING
PLEASURE
PAIN
EXCITEMENT
SORROW
REGRET, GUILT, SHAME
COMPULSIVENESS
(NOR)EPINEPHRINE
OXYTOCIN
SEROTONIN
ENDORFIN
CORTISOL
(NOR)EPINEPHRINELOW
DOP. SERO. END.
LOW
OXY. (NO)REPI.
SEROTONIN
OXYTOCIN
ALTRUISM, AGREEABLENESS
& FAIRNESS
LOW SELF-ESTEME & LESS SOCIAL CONTACT
HIGH SELF-ESTEME & MORE SOCIAL CONTACT
STRESSED
CALM
GABA GLUTAMATE
ANNOYANCE, HATRED
& UNFAIRNESS
HIGH TRUST
DISTRUST
HOPE
DESPAIR
CORTISOL
DOPAMINE
JOY
DOPAMINE
ENDORFIN
Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
DISGUST
SEROTONIN
(NOR)EPINEPHRINE
SURPRISE
DOPAMINE
(NOR)EPINEPHRINE
EMOTIONS ACTIVATE REWARD SYSTEM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Dopamine Endorfin Serotonin Oxytocin
motivation, reward & pleasure pain reduction & euphoria well-being & happiness intimacy, love & social bonding
open
for
change
long term
wellbeing & trust
(social)
short term
reward & risk
(hedonistic)
feeling
of
hope
showing
confidence
leadership
having
trust in the
future
impuls opportunity responsibility belonging
THE 4 NEUROTRANSMITTERS
FOR REWARD & TRUST
LONG
TERM
SHORT
TERM
excitatory inhibitory
P E R F O R M A N C E & P L E A S U R E P U R P O S E & P L A N N I N G
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
(Actions)
Food/Sex
Positive
emotional
response
Group
conformation
Genuine
attention
(smiling face)
Sunlight
& Warmth
Social
Survival
(Social)
Relations
Physical
Survival
Social attention
= Social status
DopamineOxytocin SerotoninEndorphin
(Social)
Trust
Adrenalin
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMTHE NEUROSCIENCE BEHIND HAPPINESS
Dopamine Endorfin Serotonin Oxytocin
motivation, reward & pleasure pain reduction & euphoria well-being & happiness intimacy, love & social bonding
open
for
change
long term
wellbeing & trust
(social)
short term
reward & risk
(hedonistic)
feeling
of
hope
showing
confidence
leadership
having
trust in the
future
impuls opportunity responsibility belonging
HAPPINESS
IS ABOUT BALANCE
excitatory inhibitory
joyful lucky content empathy
endocannabinoids GABA(no)adrenalin Vasopressin
P E R F O R M A N C E & P L E A S U R E P U R P O S E & P L A N N I N G
MOTIVATION
=
THE URGE
TO PROCEED
(AGAIN AND AGAIN)
OUR BEHAVIOR IS
EMOTIONALLY DRIVEN
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
MOTIVATION AND REWARD
Cerebellum
(integrates fine-tune
motor activity,
coordination, precision,
and accurate timing,
cognitive and emotional
balance)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
DOPAMINE
EPINEPHRINE
NEUROTRANSMITTERS
THE ‘GAIN-NOVELTY-SEEKER’ IN YOU
APPROACH, IMPULS, RISK
(RISK, FEED, FOOD, SEX)
THE ‘PAIN-SAVE-KEEPER’ IN YOU
AROUSAL, AVOIDANCE, PROTECT
(FIGHT, FLIGHT, FREEZE)
NEURO CHEMICAL BALANCE
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Positive
emotional
response
Positive
emotional
response
#1 ADDICTION WORLDWIDE
REWARD
(dopamine)
REWARD
(dopamine)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Excitatory
(Stimulative)
Inhibitory
(Sedative)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
RATIONAL (NO DOPE)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMHTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/USER/REACT
EMOTIONAL (ON DOPE)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMHTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/USER/REACT
MIRROR NEURONS
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
‘virtuous loop’ of control, communication and feedback
EMPATHY: THINKING & FEELING
LIKEWISE MAKES US HAPPY
(Social)
Trust
=
Emotion
Driven
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
BALANCE
reflect, conscious, slow, associationsPersonal Growth (Understanding)
Mental level Knowledge drivenink
Semantic
PRESENT
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
informatie
wordt kort
opgeslagen
voor direct
gebruik
FRONTAAL
KWAB
written language
spoken language
cortex
limbic
stam
NEOCORTEX
NEOMAMMALIAN
LIMBIC SYSTEM
PALEOMAMMALIAN
BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM
PROTO REPTILIAN BRAIN
INSTINCTS
REPTILE
EMOTIONS
MAMMAL
PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
RATIO
HUMAN
INSTINCTS
REPTILE
PRIMARILY
PHYSIOLOGICAL
NEEDS
FEELINGS &
EXPRESSIONS
REASON &
PLANNING
CULTURE &
TRADITIONS THREE STAGES OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
PRIMING CONDITIONING
500.000.000250.000.00050.00020.0005.000
HUMAN BRAINS EVOLVED TO BE MORE RESPONSIVE
TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
2
HUMAN
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ASSOCIATION NETWORK
CONNECTING
KNOWLEDGE WITH EMOTION
AND BEHAVIOR
FEAR
(PAIN)
REWARD
(GAIN)
HIPPOCAMPUS
(INFORMATION HUB)
SEEKER
KEEPER
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMwww.centreforbrainhealth.ca/events/dr-greg-dunn-self-reflected
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMHuth, A. G., de Heer, W. A., Griffiths, T. L., Theunissen, F. E., & Gallant, J. L. (2016).
SHARED NEURAL NETWORKS
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
SHARED NEURAL NETWORKS
HAPPINESS & TRUST IS ABOUT SHARING
NEURAL & SOCIAL CONNECTIONS
HAPPINESS & TRUST IS ABOUT SHARING
NEURAL & SOCIAL CONNECTIONS
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMHuth, A. G., de Heer, W. A., Griffiths, T. L., Theunissen, F. E., & Gallant, J. L. (2016). gallantlab.org/huth2016/
GALLANTLAB.ORG UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
ASSOCIATIONS IN NEURAL NETWORKS
TRUST ASSOCIATIONS ARE CONNECTED TO OTHER ASSOCIATIONS
When making
decisions,
the strongest
connections
win.
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
When making
trust decisions,
the shortest | strongest
(with the largest nodes)
connections win.
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
When making
trust decisions,
the shortest | strongest
(with the largest nodes)
connections win.
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
SHARING NEURAL NETWORKS
trees & paths
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
WALKING TROUGH A FOREST:
cup of coffee
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
WALKING TROUGH A FOREST:
The more you
activate neural
connections,
the stronger the
connections
cup coffee
thee
sugarmilk
cup of coffee
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
WALKING TROUGH A FOREST:
The more you
activate neural
connections,
the stronger the
connections
cup coffee
thee
sugar
mother
milk
dad
childhood friend
playingschool
DEFAULT MODE NETWORK
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
M I N D W A N D E R I N G
Prefrontal
cortex
Posterior
cingulate
cortex
Episodic /
Autobiographic
memory
Self
Awareness
Anxiety
You &
Others
Relations
Past &
Future
Goal Setting
Active during passive rest and mind-wandering.
Involves thinking about others and one’s self,
remembering the past, and envisioning the future.
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
THE DEFAULT MODE NETWORK (INTRINSIC CONTROL)
4
4
Posterior
cingulate
cortex
motor and
reward systems
5
5
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Positive thinking
is the shortest link to
happiness & trust
in the future
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
BALANCE
reflect, conscious, slow, associationsPersonal Growth (Understanding)
Mental level Knowledge drivenink
Semantic
PRESENT
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Emotional level Response driven
Do
Feel
Episodical
Procedural PAST
PRESENT
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
BALANCE
Physical level Instinct driven
reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning
risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences
fairness, flow, empathic, leadership
reflect, conscious, slow, associations
Behavior (Homeostatis)
Well-being (Keeper & Seeker)
Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Personal Growth (Understanding)
Emotional level Response driven
Mental level Knowledge driven
Transcendental level Purpose driven
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural PAST
FUTURE
PRESENT
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
BALANCE
fairness, flow, empathic, leadershipShared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable)
Transcendental level Purpose drivenBe
Holistic
FUTURE
Two types of happiness:
The first is being happy in your life
The second is being happy about your life
Two types of happiness:
The first is being happy in your life
The second is being happy about your life
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
CORRELATION BETWEEN
TRUST, PRO-SOCIAL &
SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR
AND HAPPINESS
BALANCE
Do
Feel
ink
Semantic
Episodical
Procedural
BALANCE
Be
Holistic
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
500.000.000250.000.00050.00010.0005.0002 written language
spoken
cortex
limbic
stam
EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMnews.stanford.edu/2015/09/11/eco-brain-study-091115/
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
POSITIVE TOWARDS SOCIAL
AND SUSTAINABLE
NEGATIVE TOWARDS POLLUTION
AND DESTRUCTIBLE
EMOTIONAL CIRCUITS IN NEURAL NETWORKS
INFLUENCE ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS
activating septum/accumbens activating insula/amygdala
enjoyable experiences negative experiences
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ASSOCIATION NETWORK
CONNECTING
KNOWLEDGE WITH EMOTION
AND BEHAVIOR
FEAR
(PAIN)
REWARD
(GAIN)
HIPPOCAMPUS
(INFORMATION HUB)
SEEKER
KEEPER
Our brain is an example of
nature’s power to develop a
sustainable solution
that rewards you
for thinking positive and
being socially and
sustainably aware.
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
Passing on knowledge
BALANCEal level
Do
Feel
ink
Be
Semantic
Holistic
Episodical
Procedural
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
THANK YOU
ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
CONNECT & SHARE
Linkedin.com/erikschoppen
Follow tweets @erikschoppen
E-mail h.s.schoppen@rug.nl

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The Neuroscience of Happiness and Trust

  • 1. H.S. (Erik) Schoppen DE CHEMIE VAN GELUK! DE NEUROWETENSCHAP EN POSITIEVE PSYCHOLOGIE ACHTER GELUKSGEVOELENS EN HOE DIT KAN BIJDRAGEN AAN MEER BALANS, (WERK)GELUK EN WELZIJN.
  • 2. SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE PhD RESEARCH TRUSTING SUSTAINABILITY PHYSICAL IMPACT SOCIETY & ENVIRONMENT POSITIVE SOCIETY & SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY SHORT TERM REWARD BENEVOLENCE & FEELING GOOD (do what feels right by being pro-social) LONG TERM TRUST WELL-BEING & BALANCE (living in harmony with environment) MENTAL EMOTIONS & EMPATHY Sustainable & prosocial positioning Trust & behavior change leads to ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
  • 3. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM worldbrainwave.com ONLINE RESEARCH PLATFORM PROVIDING TOOLS FOR NEUROSCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL, ORGANISATIONAL AND ECONOMICAL RESEARCH
  • 4. Social neuroscience is about how we feel, act and react socially to others, our decision making, emotions and trust, and how we build trust relationships. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
  • 9. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM Social connections & trust relations (planning, investing, depending) Getting & sharing experience by helping others (meaning, altruism) Receiving / giving appreciation (gratitude increases wellness, lessen stress) We all want to be the same (vulnerability, belonging, being part of a group) TRUST IN OTHERSTRUST IN SELF
  • 11. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM BALANCE fairness, flow, empathic, leadershipShared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Transcendental level Purpose drivenBe Holistic FUTURE BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Do Feel ink Semantic Episodical Procedural PAST PRESENT EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
  • 12. informatie wordt kort opgeslagen voor direct gebruik FRONTAAL KWAB written language spoken language cortex limbic stam NEOCORTEX NEOMAMMALIAN LIMBIC SYSTEM PALEOMAMMALIAN BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM PROTO REPTILIAN BRAIN INSTINCTS REPTILE EMOTIONS MAMMAL PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING) ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM RATIO HUMAN INSTINCTS REPTILE PRIMARILY PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS FEELINGS & EXPRESSIONS REASON & PLANNING CULTURE & TRADITIONS THREE STAGES OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT PRIMING CONDITIONING 500.000.000250.000.00050.00020.0005.000 HUMAN BRAINS EVOLVED TO BE MORE RESPONSIVE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES 2 HUMAN
  • 13. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM BALANCE fairness, flow, empathic, leadershipShared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Transcendental level Purpose drivenBe Holistic FUTURE BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Do Feel ink Semantic Episodical Procedural PAST PRESENT Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
  • 14. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioningBehavior (Homeostatis) Do Procedural PAST EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
  • 15. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM HOMEOSTASIS = BALANCE INTUITIVE CHOICES BASED ON CHEMICALS (LIKE INSULIN)
  • 16. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM HOMEOSTASIS = BALANCE INTUITIVE CHOICES BASED ON CHEMICALS (LIKE INSULIN)
  • 17. FEAR JOY ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM REWARD BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF TRIGGERS LOSS DOUBT PLEASURE PAIN EXITEMENT SORROW REGRET DISGUST FOOD & SEX APPROACH BEHAVIOR AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR ANGER EMPATHY Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust EVOLUTIONAIRY MOTIVATIONS
  • 18. RELATIONSHIPS ARE ABOUT REWARD, RISK & TRUST SHARING RESOURCES PRIMATES SHARE FOOD FOR KINSHIP, RECIPROCITY, SOCIAL BONDS AND PREVENTING FIGHTS ON FOOD TRANSFERS ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM PRO-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR & SUSTAINABLE HAPPINESS
  • 19. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM BALANCE risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiencesWell-being (Keeper & Seeker) Emotional level Response drivenFeel Episodical PRESENT EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
  • 20. informatie wordt kort opgeslagen voor direct gebruik FRONTAAL KWAB written language spoken language cortex limbic stam NEOCORTEX NEOMAMMALIAN LIMBIC SYSTEM PALEOMAMMALIAN BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM PROTO REPTILIAN BRAIN INSTINCTS REPTILE EMOTIONS MAMMAL PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING) ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM RATIO HUMAN INSTINCTS REPTILE PRIMARILY PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS FEELINGS & EXPRESSIONS REASON & PLANNING CULTURE & TRADITIONS THREE STAGES OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT PRIMING CONDITIONING 500.000.000250.000.00050.00020.0005.000 HUMAN BRAINS EVOLVED TO BE MORE RESPONSIVE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES 2 HUMAN
  • 21. 22 Smell Sensory input Sensory memory information shortly stored for direct usage EMOTION information coordination to right parts cortex FRONTAL LOBE PARIETAL LOBE OCCIPITAL KWAB TEMPORAL LOBE Information is encoded to relevant facts encoded information gets stored in short and long-term memory indien nodig worden herinneringen weer geactiveerd information gets encoded and stored information gets encoded and stored Gehoor encoded information is stored sends sensory information to the right parts in the cortex RATIO LIMBIC SYSTEM ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM Amygdala 500.000.000250.000.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing PRIMING CONDITIONING Thalamus 50.0002 PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
  • 22. information shortly stored for direct usage FRONTAL LOBE ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM 500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing CONDITIONING RATIONAL CONSCIOUS DECISIONS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
 PLANNING & CONTROL EMOTIONAL REWARD, MOTIVATION, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 SENSORY INFO INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR FOOD, SEX, SAFETY COORDINATION SUBCONSCIOUS RAPID MOTOR MOVEMENT FEAR PAIN / AROUSAL SEEING VISUAL CORTEX FEELING TOUCH CONSCIOUS MOTOR MOVEMENT ASSOCIATION CORTEX HEARING DRIVES REWARD GAIN ASSOCIATION CORTEX THE MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN 5% 95% MOTOR CORTEX SENSORY CORTEX
  • 23. information shortly stored for direct usage FRONTAL LOBE ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM 500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing CONDITIONING EMOTIONAL REWARD, MOTIVATION, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 SENSORY INFO INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR FOOD, SEX, SAFETY COORDINATION SUBCONSCIOUS RAPID MOTOR MOVEMENT FEAR PAIN / AROUSAL SEEING VISUAL CORTEX FEELING TOUCH CONSCIOUS MOTOR MOVEMENT ASSOCIATION CORTEX HEARING DRIVES REWARD GAIN ASSOCIATION CORTEX THE MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN 95% MOTOR CORTEX SENSORY CORTEX
  • 24. information shortly stored for direct usage FRONTAL LOBE ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM 500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing CONDITIONING RATIONAL CONSCIOUS DECISIONS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
 PLANNING & CONTROL EMOTIONAL REWARD, MOTIVATION, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 SENSORY INFO INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR FOOD, SEX, SAFETY COORDINATION SUBCONSCIOUS RAPID MOTOR MOVEMENT FEAR PAIN / AROUSAL SEEING VISUAL CORTEX FEELING TOUCH CONSCIOUS MOTOR MOVEMENT ASSOCIATION CORTEX HEARING DRIVES REWARD GAIN ASSOCIATION CORTEX ‘WE’ THINK THAT ‘WE’ THINK RATIONAL… …BUT OUR BRAIN DOES NOT WORK THAT WAY MOTOR CORTEX SENSORY CORTEX
  • 25. information shortly stored for direct usage FRONTAL LOBE ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM 500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing CONDITIONING RATIONAL CONSCIOUS DECISIONS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
 PLANNING & CONTROL EMOTIONAL REWARD, MOTIVATION, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 SENSORY INFO INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR FOOD, SEX, SAFETY COORDINATION SUBCONSCIOUS RAPID MOTOR MOVEMENT FEAR PAIN / AROUSAL SEEING VISUAL CORTEX FEELING TOUCH CONSCIOUS MOTOR MOVEMENT ASSOCIATION CORTEX HEARING DRIVES REWARD GAIN ASSOCIATION CORTEX FOLLOWING THE PATH OF EMOTION? MOTOR CORTEX SENSORY CORTEX
  • 26. information shortly stored for direct usage FRONTAL LOBE ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM 500.000.000250.000.000250.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing CONDITIONING RATIONAL CONSCIOUS DECISIONS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
 PLANNING & CONTROL EMOTIONAL REWARD, MOTIVATION, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
 SENSORY INFO INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR FOOD, SEX, SAFETY COORDINATION SUBCONSCIOUS RAPID MOTOR MOVEMENT FEAR PAIN / AROUSAL SEEING VISUAL CORTEX FEELING TOUCH CONSCIOUS MOTOR MOVEMENT ASSOCIATION CORTEX HEARING DRIVES REWARD GAIN ASSOCIATION CORTEX RULE #1 AVOID ‘PAIN’ RULE #2 INCREASE ‘GAIN’ BUT… INSTINCT DRIVES EMOTION DRIVES ACTION 1 2 MOTOR CORTEX SENSORY CORTEX
  • 27. 28 Smell Sensory input Sensory memory information shortly stored for direct usage EMOTION information coordination to right parts cortex FRONTAL LOBE PARIETAL LOBE OCCIPITAL KWAB TEMPORAL LOBE Information is encoded to relevant facts encoded information gets stored in short and long-term memory indien nodig worden herinneringen weer geactiveerd information gets encoded and stored information gets encoded and stored Gehoor encoded information is stored sends sensory information to the right parts in the cortex RATIO LIMBIC SYSTEM ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM Amygdala 500.000.000250.000.00010.0005.000 written language spoken language cortex limbic stam Hearing PRIMING CONDITIONING Thalamus 50.0002 FEAR PAIN / AROUSAL 1 REWARD GAIN 2 PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING)
  • 28. FEAR REWARD ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM REWARD LOSS DOUBT PLEASURE PAINSORROW REGRET DISGUST FOOD & SEX APPROACH BEHAVIOR AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR ANGER EMPATHY Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust GAIN 2 PAIN 1EXCITEMENT BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF TRIGGERS EVOLUTIONAIRY MOTIVATIONS
  • 29. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM ASSOCIATION NETWORK CONNECTING KNOWLEDGE WITH EMOTION AND BEHAVIOR www.centreforbrainhealth.ca/events/dr-greg-dunn-self-reflected FEAR (PAIN) REWARD (GAIN) HIPPOCAMPUS (INFORMATION HUB) 1 2
  • 30. NEURONS COMMUNICATE THROUGH SYNAPTIC CLEFTS BY NEUROTRANSMITTERS BETWEEN THE NEURONS ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
  • 31. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM NEUROCHEMICAL MESSENGERS NITROGEN ATOM HYDROGEN ATOM OXIGEN ATOM CARBON ATOM TRUST IS BALANCE OF NEUROCHEMICALS EMOTIONS SIGNAL ‘GAIN / PAIN’ ACTIVATION
  • 32. FEAR REWARD ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM REWARD LOSS DOUBT PLEASURE PAINSORROW REGRET DISGUST FOOD & SEX APPROACH BEHAVIOR AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR ANGER EMPATHY Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust GAIN 2 PAIN 1EXCITEMENT BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF TRIGGERS EVOLUTIONAIRY MOTIVATIONS = EMOTIONS
  • 33. FEARRELIEF SADNESS JOY ANGER SURPRISE DISGUST EMPATHY ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM REWARD COMPLEX EMOTIONS ARE COMBINATIONS BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF EMOTIONS LOSS DOUBT PLEASURE PAIN EXCITEMENT SORROW REGRET REJECTACCEPT DEPRESSED HAPPINESS AGONY ANXIETY ASHAMED AFFINITY HIGH TRUST DISTRUST HOPE DESPAIR Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust
  • 34. FEARRELIEF SADNESS ANGER EMPATHY ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM REWARD EMOTIONS TO HELP ’GAIN’ ACTIVATION BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF EMOTIONS LOSS IMPULS, DOUBT RISKTAKING PLEASURE PAIN EXCITEMENT SORROW REGRET, GUILT, SHAME COMPULSIVENESS (NOR)EPINEPHRINE OXYTOCIN SEROTONIN ENDORFIN CORTISOL (NOR)EPINEPHRINELOW DOP. SERO. END. LOW OXY. (NO)REPI. SEROTONIN OXYTOCIN ALTRUISM, AGREEABLENESS & FAIRNESS LOW SELF-ESTEME & LESS SOCIAL CONTACT HIGH SELF-ESTEME & MORE SOCIAL CONTACT STRESSED CALM GABA GLUTAMATE ANNOYANCE, HATRED & UNFAIRNESS HIGH TRUST DISTRUST HOPE DESPAIR CORTISOL DOPAMINE JOY DOPAMINE ENDORFIN Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust DISGUST SEROTONIN (NOR)EPINEPHRINE SURPRISE DOPAMINE (NOR)EPINEPHRINE
  • 35. FEARRELIEF SADNESS ANGER EMPATHY ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM REWARD BALANCE IS ABOUT RIGHT MIX OF EMOTIONS LOSS IMPULS, DOUBT RISKTAKING PLEASURE PAIN EXCITEMENT SORROW REGRET, GUILT, SHAME COMPULSIVENESS (NOR)EPINEPHRINE OXYTOCIN SEROTONIN ENDORFIN CORTISOL (NOR)EPINEPHRINELOW DOP. SERO. END. LOW OXY. (NO)REPI. SEROTONIN OXYTOCIN ALTRUISM, AGREEABLENESS & FAIRNESS LOW SELF-ESTEME & LESS SOCIAL CONTACT HIGH SELF-ESTEME & MORE SOCIAL CONTACT STRESSED CALM GABA GLUTAMATE ANNOYANCE, HATRED & UNFAIRNESS HIGH TRUST DISTRUST HOPE DESPAIR CORTISOL DOPAMINE JOY DOPAMINE ENDORFIN Schoppen, E., 2016, Build Bridge Bond - Building Sustainable Trust DISGUST SEROTONIN (NOR)EPINEPHRINE SURPRISE DOPAMINE (NOR)EPINEPHRINE EMOTIONS ACTIVATE REWARD SYSTEM
  • 36. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM Dopamine Endorfin Serotonin Oxytocin motivation, reward & pleasure pain reduction & euphoria well-being & happiness intimacy, love & social bonding open for change long term wellbeing & trust (social) short term reward & risk (hedonistic) feeling of hope showing confidence leadership having trust in the future impuls opportunity responsibility belonging THE 4 NEUROTRANSMITTERS FOR REWARD & TRUST LONG TERM SHORT TERM excitatory inhibitory P E R F O R M A N C E & P L E A S U R E P U R P O S E & P L A N N I N G
  • 38. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMTHE NEUROSCIENCE BEHIND HAPPINESS Dopamine Endorfin Serotonin Oxytocin motivation, reward & pleasure pain reduction & euphoria well-being & happiness intimacy, love & social bonding open for change long term wellbeing & trust (social) short term reward & risk (hedonistic) feeling of hope showing confidence leadership having trust in the future impuls opportunity responsibility belonging HAPPINESS IS ABOUT BALANCE excitatory inhibitory joyful lucky content empathy endocannabinoids GABA(no)adrenalin Vasopressin P E R F O R M A N C E & P L E A S U R E P U R P O S E & P L A N N I N G
  • 39. MOTIVATION = THE URGE TO PROCEED (AGAIN AND AGAIN) OUR BEHAVIOR IS EMOTIONALLY DRIVEN ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM MOTIVATION AND REWARD Cerebellum (integrates fine-tune motor activity, coordination, precision, and accurate timing, cognitive and emotional balance)
  • 40. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM DOPAMINE EPINEPHRINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS THE ‘GAIN-NOVELTY-SEEKER’ IN YOU APPROACH, IMPULS, RISK (RISK, FEED, FOOD, SEX) THE ‘PAIN-SAVE-KEEPER’ IN YOU AROUSAL, AVOIDANCE, PROTECT (FIGHT, FLIGHT, FREEZE) NEURO CHEMICAL BALANCE
  • 48. MIRROR NEURONS ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM ‘virtuous loop’ of control, communication and feedback EMPATHY: THINKING & FEELING LIKEWISE MAKES US HAPPY (Social) Trust = Emotion Driven
  • 49. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM BALANCE reflect, conscious, slow, associationsPersonal Growth (Understanding) Mental level Knowledge drivenink Semantic PRESENT EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
  • 50. informatie wordt kort opgeslagen voor direct gebruik FRONTAAL KWAB written language spoken language cortex limbic stam NEOCORTEX NEOMAMMALIAN LIMBIC SYSTEM PALEOMAMMALIAN BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM PROTO REPTILIAN BRAIN INSTINCTS REPTILE EMOTIONS MAMMAL PERCEPTION (AWARENESS) COGNITION (MEMORY) BEHAVIOR (DECISION-MAKING) ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM RATIO HUMAN INSTINCTS REPTILE PRIMARILY PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS FEELINGS & EXPRESSIONS REASON & PLANNING CULTURE & TRADITIONS THREE STAGES OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT PRIMING CONDITIONING 500.000.000250.000.00050.00020.0005.000 HUMAN BRAINS EVOLVED TO BE MORE RESPONSIVE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES 2 HUMAN
  • 51. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM ASSOCIATION NETWORK CONNECTING KNOWLEDGE WITH EMOTION AND BEHAVIOR FEAR (PAIN) REWARD (GAIN) HIPPOCAMPUS (INFORMATION HUB) SEEKER KEEPER
  • 53. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMHuth, A. G., de Heer, W. A., Griffiths, T. L., Theunissen, F. E., & Gallant, J. L. (2016). SHARED NEURAL NETWORKS
  • 54. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM SHARED NEURAL NETWORKS HAPPINESS & TRUST IS ABOUT SHARING NEURAL & SOCIAL CONNECTIONS HAPPINESS & TRUST IS ABOUT SHARING NEURAL & SOCIAL CONNECTIONS ERIKSCHOPPEN.COMHuth, A. G., de Heer, W. A., Griffiths, T. L., Theunissen, F. E., & Gallant, J. L. (2016). gallantlab.org/huth2016/
  • 55. GALLANTLAB.ORG UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY ASSOCIATIONS IN NEURAL NETWORKS TRUST ASSOCIATIONS ARE CONNECTED TO OTHER ASSOCIATIONS When making decisions, the strongest connections win. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
  • 56. When making trust decisions, the shortest | strongest (with the largest nodes) connections win. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
  • 57. When making trust decisions, the shortest | strongest (with the largest nodes) connections win. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM SHARING NEURAL NETWORKS
  • 59. cup of coffee ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM WALKING TROUGH A FOREST: The more you activate neural connections, the stronger the connections cup coffee thee sugarmilk
  • 60. cup of coffee ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM WALKING TROUGH A FOREST: The more you activate neural connections, the stronger the connections cup coffee thee sugar mother milk dad childhood friend playingschool
  • 61. DEFAULT MODE NETWORK ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM M I N D W A N D E R I N G
  • 62. Prefrontal cortex Posterior cingulate cortex Episodic / Autobiographic memory Self Awareness Anxiety You & Others Relations Past & Future Goal Setting Active during passive rest and mind-wandering. Involves thinking about others and one’s self, remembering the past, and envisioning the future. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM THE DEFAULT MODE NETWORK (INTRINSIC CONTROL)
  • 64. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM Positive thinking is the shortest link to happiness & trust in the future
  • 65. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM BALANCE reflect, conscious, slow, associationsPersonal Growth (Understanding) Mental level Knowledge drivenink Semantic PRESENT BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Emotional level Response driven Do Feel Episodical Procedural PAST PRESENT EVOLUTION OF MANKIND
  • 66. BALANCE Physical level Instinct driven reflex, subconscious, habits, conditioning risk, reward, impuls, bonding, experiences fairness, flow, empathic, leadership reflect, conscious, slow, associations Behavior (Homeostatis) Well-being (Keeper & Seeker) Shared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Personal Growth (Understanding) Emotional level Response driven Mental level Knowledge driven Transcendental level Purpose driven Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural PAST FUTURE PRESENT ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM EVOLUTION OF MANKIND BALANCE fairness, flow, empathic, leadershipShared Growth (Pro-Social & Sustainable) Transcendental level Purpose drivenBe Holistic FUTURE Two types of happiness: The first is being happy in your life The second is being happy about your life Two types of happiness: The first is being happy in your life The second is being happy about your life
  • 67. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM CORRELATION BETWEEN TRUST, PRO-SOCIAL & SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR AND HAPPINESS BALANCE Do Feel ink Semantic Episodical Procedural BALANCE Be Holistic
  • 70. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM POSITIVE TOWARDS SOCIAL AND SUSTAINABLE NEGATIVE TOWARDS POLLUTION AND DESTRUCTIBLE EMOTIONAL CIRCUITS IN NEURAL NETWORKS INFLUENCE ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS activating septum/accumbens activating insula/amygdala enjoyable experiences negative experiences
  • 71. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM ASSOCIATION NETWORK CONNECTING KNOWLEDGE WITH EMOTION AND BEHAVIOR FEAR (PAIN) REWARD (GAIN) HIPPOCAMPUS (INFORMATION HUB) SEEKER KEEPER
  • 72. Our brain is an example of nature’s power to develop a sustainable solution that rewards you for thinking positive and being socially and sustainably aware. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM
  • 73. ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM Passing on knowledge BALANCEal level Do Feel ink Be Semantic Holistic Episodical Procedural
  • 75. THANK YOU ERIKSCHOPPEN.COM CONNECT & SHARE Linkedin.com/erikschoppen Follow tweets @erikschoppen E-mail h.s.schoppen@rug.nl