Phhilosophy and culture of pakistan

Presenter
Muhammad Mujtaba Asad
FPTV
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.
”My country Pakistan” Prepared by: Muhammad Mujtaba Asad

Founded by a great man

QUAID-E-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH

• Pakistan
located
in
the
mountainous region adjoining
Central Asia and the Middle
East.
• Has
a
1,046
kilometer
(650 mile) coastline along the
Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman
in the south, and is bordered by
Afghanistan and Iran in the
west, the Republic of India in
the east and the People's
Republic of China in the far
northeast.
• Pakistan has been called part of
the New Middle East.


 Pakistan has four seasons:
- A cool, dry winter from
December through February;
- A hot, dry spring from March
through May
- The summer rainy season, or
southwest monsoon period,
from June through September;
- the retreating monsoon
period of October and
November.
 Rainfall can vary radically from
year to year, and successive
patterns of flooding and
drought
are
also
not
uncommon.

• The following are major
languages spoken in
Pakistan:
– Punjabi (Panjabi) 61 million
– Pashto (three major
varieties) 19 million
– Sindhi 19 million
– Seraiki (Saraiki) 14 million
– Urdu 11 million
– Balochi (three major
varieties) 6 million
– English is official Language

• There are 271 big and small cities
in Pakistan but the most famous
and major cities are listed below:
•
•
•
•
•

Islamabad.
Karachi.
Lahore.
Peshawar.
Quetta.

• Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan. The
city has an estimated population of 21
million people as of April 2012.
• It is Pakistan's center of banking,
industry, economic activity and trade and
is
home
to
Pakistan's
largest
corporations, including those involved in
textiles, shipping.
• Karachi is the most populous city in the
country, is the world's largest city in
terms of population and also the 11th
largest urban agglomeration in the
world.

• Islamabad is the capital
of Pakistan and the ninth
largest city in the country.
• Islamabad is a well-organised
international city divided into
several different sectors and
zones. It is regarded as the
most developed city in
Pakistan and is ranked as
a Gamma- world city.

• Peshawar is the major
educational, political and
business center of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa.
• Peshawar is the center of
culture
of
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa. Its culture
has evolved over the years
and has been principally
influenced by Ghandhara
culture, Pakhtun culture
and Hindko culture.

• National game – Field Hockey
 Won 1982 world cup.
 Gold 1984 Olympics.
• Most popular game – Cricket
 Won the Cricket World Cup in
1992 and T-20 World Cup in 2009


• second-most
populous
Muslim-majority country
• also has the secondlargest Shi'a population in
the world.
• About
95%
of
the
Pakistanis are Muslim.
Almost 85% of Pakistani
Muslims
are
Sunni
Muslims and 15% are Shi'a
Muslims

• The Religious breakup of
the country is as follows:
• Islam 173,000,000 (95%)
(nearly 85% are Sunni
Muslims and 15% are Shi'a
Muslims).
• Hinduism
3,200,000
(1.85%).
• Christianity
2,800,000
(1.6%).
• Sikhs
Around
20,000
(0.04%) .

• Pakistan politics has taken place
in the framework of a federal
republic
• system of government has at
times been parliamentary,
presidential, or semipresidential.
• In the current semi-presidential
system, the President of
Pakistan is the head of state,
the Prime Minister is head of
government, and there is a
multi-party system.
• Executive power is exercised by
the government. Legislative
power is largely vested in the
Parliament.

• Economy of Pakistan is
the 26th largest economy
in the world in terms of
purchasing power, and
the 47th largest in
absolute dollar terms.
• Pakistan's
economy
mainly
encompasses
textiles, chemicals, food
processing,
agriculture
and other industries.

• There are four main families of
musical instruments in Pakistan
and more than six hundred
Pakistani musical instruments;
the most well known are
the sitar, tabla, rabab,
dhool and bansuri.


THE FOUR PROVINCES OF PAKISTAN


1. Punjab is the most
populous province of Pakistan, with
approximately 56% of the country's
total population
2. The main languages
are Punjabi and Saraiki
3. Lahore has traditionally been the
capital of Punjab for a thousand
years; it is Punjab's main cultural,
historical, administrative and
economic center.

BADSHAHI MOSQUE


1. Geographically it is the third largest
province of Pakistan
2. It is hot in the summer and mild in
winter.
3. Sindhi is the sole official language
4. Karachi is the largest city,
main seaport and the as well as
the capital of
the province of Sindh.
5. It was the original capital of
Pakistan until the construction
of Islamabad

• Previously known as
the North-West Frontier
Province.
• The main ethnic group in the
province is the Pashtuns.
• The principal language
is Pashto.
• Tribal system
• Most beautiful province.

Balochistan is the
largest province (by
area) of Pakistan
Scarcely populated


World 5th largest gold mine


World 5th largest coal reserves


World 7th largest copper mine


5 Big Rivers


7th Nuclear Power


8th largest wheat
producer


Refined blend of varıous regional
cooking traditions of the South
Asia . Pakistani cuisine is known for
its richness and flavour. It has been
partly influenced by Arab, Persian,
and Indian Cuisine, it retains its
own distinct Pakistani flavour.


Within Pakistan, cuisine varies
greatly from region to region,
reflecting the country's ethnic
and cultural diversity.

Given the diversity of the people of Pakistan, cuisines
generally differ from home to home and may be totally
different than the mainstream Pakistani cuisine.

• Pakistanis focus on other areas of food such as
beef, lamb, chicken, fish and vegetables as
well as traditional fruit and dairy products.

Pakistani dishes are known for having spicy flavours,
and some dishes often contain liberal amounts of oil
which contributes to a richer flavour.
Cumin seeds, chilli powder, turmeric, Garam Masala is
a very popular blend of spices used in many Pakistani
dishes.

Traditional dress
• Salwar kameez (shalwar qameez) is the national
dress of Pakistan.
• Salwars are loose trousers designed in various styles.
• The salwar kameez is important especially during the
festivals celebrated in Pakistan, for men as well as
women.
• Salwar kameez is also popular due to the comfort
factor.


Philosophy of Education in Pakistan


• According to Constitution of
Pakistan it is State’s responsibility
to provide free and compulsory
quality education to children of
the age group 5 to 16 years
• According to new education
policy of Government of
Pakistan,
English
Medium
Education is to be extended to all
schools across the country
• Government expects to attain
100% enrolment levels amongst
primary school aged children in
year 2015

Constitution of Pakistan
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article
37-b
“The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and
compulsory secondary education within minimum
possible period”


Levels of Education
• The education system in
Pakistan is generally
divided into three levels
• Primary (grades one
through five)
• Middle (grades six
through eight)
• High (grades nine and
ten, leading to the
Secondary School
Certificate)

Levels of Education
• Intermediate
(grades
eleven and twelve,
leading to a Higher
Secondary
School
Certificate)
• University
programs
leading to graduate and
advanced degrees


There are Multiple Education system
In Pakistan
• Cambridge system.
• Pakistan secondary
education system.
• Madressah system


Madresah system
• They are supposed to
provide Islamic Education
• Schools are opened at
every corner
• The
students
are
teachers,
no
proper
institution.
• They don’t follow the
basic Islamic principles,
they Practice violence .

Islam in Education
• In every education system
which is implemented in
Pakistan, It is necessary to
include Islamic syllabus in
schools
colleges
and
universities.
• Ministry of higher education
implement all Islamic rules
and regulations in all
educational institutes.

Secondary education system
• It is for general public
• It is given
in
government as well as
private schools
• Private schools are so
called English medium
schools, they are not
organized, and they
don’t provide the right
type of education.

Cambridge System
• It is mainly for the
upper class.
• Middle class cant afford
it, even if they do ,they
get stuck here.
• It provides an excellent
education.


Effects of multiple education system
• It creates differences in
society like personality
traits .
• It creates complex in
different
sects
of
society.
• They don’t mix well
with each other, and
causes differences.

Technical Education

Technical Education

Technical Education


Technical Education
• There are currently 830 Technical & Vocational
Training Institutes in Pakistan.
• The minimum qualification to enter for male is
Middle & for female is Primary.


Universities
• At
the
time
of
independence Pakistan
had only one University,
which
was
Punjab
University Lahore IN
1947.
• Now Pakistan have more
than 140 Universities of
which 77 are public and
63 are private

Islamic Centers


Islamic Centers
• Provide free Islamic
Education
with
boarding & lodging to
students.
• Students came from far
poor areas of Country
as well as outside from
country.

Pakistan’s Achievements in field of
Education


LITERACY RATE IN
PAKISTAN
• The literacy rate in Pakistan ranges from 87% in Islamabad
to 20 % in the kholu district (b/w 2004- 2010).
• In Pakistan peoples of different age having the literacy rate
as follows,
AGE

LITERACY RATE
%

Age b/w 55-64

30 %

Age b/w 45-54

40 %

Age b/w 25-34

50 %

Age b/w 15 -24

In indicate the
with every
passing
generation
Literacy rate is
increased
By 10 %

65 %


Year of
census

Male

Fema Tota
le
l

Urba
n

Rural

1951

19.2
%

12.2
%

16.4
%

--

--

1961

26.9
%

8.2%

16.3
%

34.8
%

One who is able to read with
10.6% understanding a simple letter
in any language

Age 5 and
above

1972

30.2
%

11.6
%

21.7
%

41.5
%

One who is able to read and
14.3% write in some language with
understanding

Age 10 and
Above

1981

35.1
%

16.0
%

26.2
%

47.1
%

17.3%

1998

54.8
%

32.0
%

43.9
%

63.08
%

33.64
%

2004

66.25 41.75
54%
%
%

71%

44%

2010

70%

74%

48%

45%

57%

Definition of
being "literate"
One who can read a clear
print in any language

Age
group

All Ages

One who can read newspaper
and write a simple letter

Age 10 and
Above

One who can read a
newspaper
and write a simple letter, in
any language

Age 10 and
Above

Literacy Rate

Province
1972

1981

1998

2010

Punjab

20.7%

27.4%

46.6%

59%

Sindh

30.2%

31.5%

45.3%

59%

Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa

15.5%

16.7%

35.4%

50%

Balochistan

10.1%

10.3%

26.6%

45%

Literacy Rate

Region
1981

1998

2007

Islamabad

47.8%

72.88%

87%

Azad Kashmir

25.7%

55%

62%(2004)

Gilgit-Baltistan

3% (female)

37.85%

53%(2006)

Tribal Areas

6.38%

17.42%

22%

Literacy rate of Pakistani districts (2007)
Ran
k

District

Province

view • talk • edit

Litera Ra
cy
nk
rate

District

Provinc
e

Liter
acy
rate

Islamabad

1

Islamabad

Capital
Territory

87%

11

Quetta

Balochis 62%
tan

2

Rawalpindi

Punjab

80%

12

Faisalabad

Punjab

62%

3

Jhelum

Punjab

79%

13

Mandi Bahauddin

Punjab

62%

4

Karachi

Sindh

77%

14

Toba Tek Singh

Punjab

62%

5

Lahore

Punjab

74%

15

Attock

Punjab

61%

6

Chakwal

Punjab

74%

16

Ziarat

Balochis 61%
tan

7

Gujrat

Punjab

71%

17

Mianwali

Punjab

60%

8

Gujranwala

Punjab

69%

18

Sialkot

Punjab

59%

9

Abbottabad

Khyber
Pakhtunkhw

67%

19

Sheikhupura

Punjab

59%

10

Haripur

Khyber
Pakhtunkhw

63%

20

Sukkur

Sindh

59%

UNIVERSITY WORLD
RANKING
 During 1947-2003 not a
single university of
Pakistan could be ranked
among the top 600
universities of the
world…......!!!
 But today 5 to 6
Pakistani universities
belong to the prestigious
group of worlds best
universities ….!!!!

UNIVERSITY WORLD
RANKING CONTINUE…
• THESE INCLUDES ,….

NUST , ISLAMABAD

UET , LAHORE

KARACHI UNIVERSITY

MUET , JAMSHORO

QUAID-E-AZAM UNIVERSITY
ISLAMABAD

GENDRE DISPARITY
• Among all the criticism over Pakistani education system the
one of the most important criticism is the GENDRE DISPARITY.
• It can be analyze by, female to male ratio (i-e F/M) ratio …!!!!!

FOR PRIMARARY EDUCATION
F/M RATIO

INCREASE

0.47
1990-91

0.74
1999-2000

57.44 %

GENDRE DISPARITY

•FOR MIDDLE EDUCATION

F/M
RATIO

INCREASE

0.42

0.68

1990-91

62 %

1999-2000

•FOR SECONDARY LEVEL
F/M
RATIO

INCREASE

0.4
1990-91

0.67
1999-2000

67.570 %

GENDRE DISPARITY

•FOR COLLEGE LEVEL

F/M
RATIO

INCREASE

0.50
1990-91

0.81

64 %

1999-2000

• IT IS VERY MUCH IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT
There is a big gender disparity difference in tribal
areas such as sawat district etc…. Where Taliban
enforcement of a complete ban on female
education.

Phhilosophy and culture of pakistan

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