This the preliminary topics in Oral Communication Class for College or Senior High School students

1. COMMUNICATION
Ms. May Francisco

2. Communication
 It is the sharing of ideas and information
It is also defined as the following:
 The act of transmitting
 A giving or exchanging of information,
signals, or messages as by talk, gestures,
or writing
 The information, signals, or message
 Close, sympathetic relationship

3.  A means of communicating; specifically
a system for sending and receiving
messages, as by telephone, telegraph,
radio, etc.
 A system as of routes for moving troops
and material
 A passage or way for getting from one
place to another
 The art of expressing ideas, esp. in
speech and writing
 The science of transmitting information,
esp. in symbols

4.  Transmission of message via verbal
and non-verbal cues
 Communication is a transaction in
which the participants are mutually
engaged in the process

5. Basic Functions of
Communication

For interaction
 For increasing the store of information
 For better understanding of our self
and the world we live
 For changing people’s attitudes,
beliefs, opinions and actions
 For making decisions

6. Two Categories of Communication
 Verbal
- Uses words, dialects, and languages
 Non- Verbal
- transmitting data without the use of
words

7. Components of Communication
 Context – setting or place the
communication took place
 Climate – feeling or tone of the
communication
 Source – sender of the message
 Message – can be verbal or non-verbal
 Channel – the means which message is
sent
 Feedback loop – occurs when the sender

8. cont.
 Receiver – decodes the message sent
 Interference – may occur from
physiological or physical distractions
 Timing

9. Characteristics of Human
Communication
 The process of communication is
continuous, ongoing, and dynamic.
 Communication begins with the self.
 Communication is irreversible or
unerasable.
 Communication is reciprocal.
 Communication is unrepeatable.
 Communication is transactional.

10. Non- Verbal Communication
Types of Non-Verbal Communication
 Facial Expressions
Ex. smile or frown
 Gestures
Ex. pointing or waving
 Paralinguistic
Ex. tone of voice, inflection, pitch, and
loudness

11.  Body language and posture
 Proxemics – personal space
 Eye gaze
Ex. looking, staring, glaring, blinking
 Appearance
Ex. clothing, hairstyles

12. Barriers to Effective
Communication
 language related
- mispronunciation
- different meanings attached to a word
 Psychological
 Ex. take feedbacks lightly given by people we like and
admire
 Delivery of the message
Ex. Volume of one’ voice
 situation or setting

13. Types of
Communicatio
n/Features
Intrapersonal Interpersonal Public Speaking
1. No. of
persons
involved
1 2 fordyadic
2-25 forsmall group
25 ormore
2. Source self Two interactants
Potentially all
participants but usually
there is a leader
One orseveral
resource persons
3. Receiver yourself One ortwo other
individual
All participants
The audience
4. Message Topics of a
personal nature
Topics of a personal
nature between
persons who are
potentially involved
Typical group topics
such as agenda,
setting, decision
making, ritual
Nearly any message
including
entertainment

14. Features Intrapersonal Interpersonal Public
4. Medium
a. Speech
soliloquy • conversation
• negotiation
• sharing
• discussion
augmented with
visual aids
Face to face
speeches, talks,
homilies, etc.
b. Writing Diary orjournal
entries
Letters, memos,
notes
Note exchange
Newsletters
c. Feedback Is itself a
feedback
Immediate and in
the same mediumas
the initial
communication
Typical face to face
augmented with
requests for
opinion, voting,
show of hands
Immediate but not
the same as the
initial source
(applause)
Sometimes open
forum

15. The Levels of Communication
Phatic Communication
 basic of daily communication
 generally done to everyone they meet in their
lives
 makes use of conventional messages to
establish rapport, to break the ice, or to end a
conversation
 greetings like hello, how are you, thanks for
your time, no worries, enjoy your day are
samples of this level of communication

16. Factual Communication
 offers knowledge to others about anything
under the sun
 can be in a form of small talk with the use of
events and observations
 relatively safe level of communication and
used by every individual
 biographical information is also an example of
this

17. Evaluative Communication
 level of communication which offers opinions,
ideas and judgments to others
 requires critical thinking since you have to
give opinion based on the presented ideas

18. Gut- Level Communication
 opening up the content of our hearts to
people
 it puts our emotional intelligence into action
 allows us to practice self-awareness, self-
control, flexibility and empathy

19. PeakCommunication
 highest and rarely achieved communication
 the point where two persons extraordinarily
communicate beyond gut level and who share
the same emotion
 this is usually seen between husband and
wife and among family members

20. Metacommunication
METACOMMUNICATION MEANING
1. “It is too hot in here.” Says the
teacher.
*He wants someone to turn on the
aircon or the electric fan.
*He may want to transfer room.
2. “Don’t be late!” Says the boss. *It communicates that his employees
e always late.
*He is warning his employees not to
be late or else.
*He doubts his employees’
dependability.
3. “I cannot go with you; I’m broke.”
My sister said.
*She wants to borrow money from me.
4. Tuition fee in private schools is very
expensive.
*He will probably send his children in
public schools.
5. You are such a liar! * I won’t believe you anymore.

21. Kinesics
KINESIC COMMUNICATION MEANING
1. The interviewer is late for the
interview he set for the applicants.
*His time is more important than
theirs; they can wait.
2. A person smokes on a non-smoking
area.
*He does not need to obey rules that
violate his personal right. A little
smoke won’t hurt anyone.
*In every rule, there is an exemption.
3. In a jeep, a passenger moves near
the driver to give his fare and moves
back near the exit.
*He doesn’t want to hand over
everybody’s fare to the driver.
4. In an LRT, a man pretends to be
sleeping when he saw a not so good-
looking woman entered the train.
*Hi seat is only for gorgeous woman.
*he doesn’t want to give up his seat;
he believes that what a man can do, a
woman can do too.
5. A friend taps your shoulder. *Good luck!
*He can make it!
*Tomorrow is another day.