Brief intruduction to dialectical materialism

1. Emre DURNA

2.  Simplified Definition of Dialectical Materialism
 Dialectics
 Materialism
 Engels’ Law of Dialectics
 The Law of Unity and Conflict of Opposes
 The Law of the Passage of Quantitative Changes
into Qualitative Changes
 The law of Negation of the Negation
 References

3.  In simplified form, Dialectical Materialism
states that ideas and thoughts of human
changes in a dialectical process due to the
movement and existance of the matter.
 Dialectical Materialism is not only a
philosophy but also a complete way of
thinking to explain the reality.

4.  History and Philosophers
 Idealistic Dialectics (Hegel)
 Historical Materialism (K. Marx)
 Dialectical Materialism (F. Engels , K. Marx)

5.  Dialectics is the science of the general and
abstract laws of the development of
nature, society and thought.
 In Dialectical Materialism, the laws of
dialectics developed with a materialist point
of view.

6.  Materialism is a realist philosophy of
science, which holds that the world is
material; all phenomena in the universe
consist of “matter in motion” according to
natural laws.
 Materialism asserts the primacy of the
material world: matter precedes thought.
Thought is a reflection of material world.
“The ideal is nothing else than the material world reflected by the
human mind, and translated into forms of thought.” [1]

7.  The Law of Unity and Conflict of Opposes
 Allthings in reality composed of the opposite
sides and also they always have a confliction
due to the opposes.

8.  Example 1 : Infinity and Finitary
Finite Line of 1m
Infinitely many mid-points to pass in order to reach 1m

9.  TheLaw of Passage of the Quantitative
Changes into Qualitative Changes
 Thislaw proposes that for the description of
something if quality of a thing is increasing
its quantity must decrease and vice versa.

10.  Example 1: Football Team and Players
11 Football 1 Team
Players
 Example 2 : Fruits
1 Apple, 1 Peach 3 Fruits
and 1 Orange

11.  The Law of Negation of the Negation
 This
law is the fundemental of dialectic
change.
 Thingsin reality develop in a way that they
negated twice. (i.e. They lose their existance
twice to get a developed form of the one at
the beginning)

12.  Example 1: Seed – Plant (Negation in NATURE)
1st 2nd
Negation Negation
Apricot Planting Apricot Tree

13.  Example 2: Production (Negation in ECONOMICS)
1st 2nd
Negation Negation
Money (Capital) Commodities Money (Profit)
(Industrial Products)

14.  Simplified Definition of Dialectical Materialism
 Dialectics
 Materialism
 Engels’ Law of Dialectics
 The Law of Unity and Conflict of Opposes
 The Law of the Passage of Quantitative Changes
into Qualitative Changes
 The law of Negation of the Negation
 References

15.  Wikipedia. Dialectical Materialism
 Diyalektik
Materyalizme Giriş. August
Thalheimer.
 On the Negation of the Negation. Dave Muller
 [1] – K. MARX . Das Kapital, vol. 1