ED Pike, Technical Lead at Energy Solutions and Hannah Goldsmith, Deputy Executive Director at California Electric Transportation Coalition gave this presentation at Forth's webinar on May 14, 2019.

1. Forth Webinar| May 14, 2019
Ed Pike, P.E. and Cassidee Kido, Energy Solutions
Driving Plug-in Electric Vehicle Adoption with Green Building Codes

2. Oakland, CA
Orange, CA
New Orleans,
LA
Denver, CO
Boise, ID Boston, MA
Seattle, WA
Portland, OR
Birmingham, AL
Truckee, CA
About Us
Energy Solutions
Energy Solutions is a mission-focused, employee-
owned, clean energy consulting firm defined by
quality, value, innovation and reliability.
We aim to positively impact the environment
through market-based, cost-effective energy,
carbon, and water management solutions for
government, utility and private sector clients in the
United States and Canada.
2

3. Agenda
Who is Adopting EV Infrastructure
Building Codes?
What to Include in Building Codes?
Code Adoption Updates
Why Adopt EV Infrastructure
Measures Into Building Codes?
3
Conclusion

4. Why Adopt EV Infrastructure Measures Into Building Codes?
Electrical
system retrofits
Breakage and repair
of hardscapes
Soft Costs: permitting,
inspection, HOA or
landlord approvals, etc.
1 – Lack of EV infrastructure is limiting EV adoption, a critical climate
change mitigation strategy
4
2 – Building codes can increase EV charging infrastructure
by avoid retrofit costs including:

5. Why Adopt EV Infrastructure Measures Into Building Codes?
$1,330
$840
$1,380
$210
$1,210
$310
$5,180
$4,800
$1,720
$1,730
$940
$930
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
Complete circuits PEV-capable spacesComplete circuits PEV-capable spacesComplete circuits PEV-capable spaces
New
Additional cost for
retrofits
Two surface
parking spaces
Two enclosed
parking spaces
Six enclosed
parking spaces
5
Cost Savings Modeled for the City of Oakland, updated to 2018

6. Berkeley
Burlingame
Contra Costa County
Cupertino
Emeryville
Fremont
Marin County
Menlo Park
Mountain View
Oakland
Palo Alto
San Mateo
San Francisco
San Rafael
Santa Clara County
Santa Cruz
Santa Rosa
Sunnyvale
Salt Lake City
Boulder
Denver
Beverly Hills
Lancaster
Los Angeles
Long Beach
Pasadena
Santa Monica
West Hollywood
Eugene
Salem
Portland
Seattle
Gresham
Atlanta
Jupiter
Pinecrest
Miami Beach
Surfside
Washington, DC
Montgomery
Auburn Hills
Kane County
New York City
District of Squamish
Surrey
District of West Vancouver
District of North Vancouver
Richmond
Ontario
Toronto
Single Family
Non-Residential
Multi-Family
Philadelphia
Port of Coquitlam
Vancouver
Washington
California
Hawaii
City of North Vancouver
* Alaska not to scale Who is Adopting EV Infrastructure
Building Codes?
6

7. What to Include in Building Codes?
No EV
Infrastructure
EV-Capable
EV-Ready (Full
Circuit)
Levels of EV Charging Infrastructure
7
Additional
Topics:
Existing
Buildings
Medium and
Heavy Duty
Vehicles

8. EV-Capable
Electrical Panel Space and Capacity
Accommodate future build-out of EV charging at 10% to 90%
of parking spaces, or more, with 208/240 V, 40-amp circuits.
Install All Difficult to Access Conduit (raceway)
Hard to alter after construction (e.g. enclosed within walls or
pavement, etc.); could also require full conduit.
Rationale:
Provide hard-to-retrofit elements while minimizing up-front
cost.
What to Include in Building Codes?
78

9. EV-Ready
(Full Circuit)
Install Full Circuits for 10% of Spaces During
Construction, or More (or one at single family
homes).
Full circuit includes 208/240V, 40-amp panel capacity,
raceway, wiring, receptacle, and overprotection
devices - similar to a dryer circuit.
Rationale:
Full circuits are plug-and-play ready for Electric
Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) installation with the
least total costs.
What to Include in Building Codes?
9

10. Vehicle-Grid
Integration
Consider 50-amp electrical service where
capacity is available to increase potential for
VGI services.
Authorize load management systems to
share electrical panel capacity among
multiple parking spaces.
Rationale:
• Best utilize electrical system capacity;
• Potentially reduce demand charges;
• Maximize potential for renewable energy
uptake and/or providing grid services.
What to Include in Building Codes?
10

11. Existing Buildings
Additions, Major Building Alterations, Surface
Parking, and Electrical System Upgrades
Rationale:
• Buildings typically last 50-years and will need to be
retrofit to meet EV adoption goals
• Retrofitting during significant alterations, additions is
cost-effective.
• Examples include the City and County of San
Francisco and Marin County.
What to Include in Building Codes?
11

12. Require that some EV-capable and EV-
ready spaces are designed to
accommodate future build-out of
accessible EV charging spaces.
Rationale:
Good design practices can avoid
unnecessary barriers that would be hard
to correct later (slope, obstructed
pathways, etc).
What to Include in Building Codes?
10
12
Accessibility

13. • Transportation Refrigeration Units
• Forklifts
• Transit and School Buses
Rationale:
Charging infrastructure building codes
enable electrification.
Advanced Building Code Options
10
13
Medium and Heavy-
Duty Vehicles

14. Studies Recommend Code
Adoption
14
Stakeholders Have Recommended CALGreen Code Updates:
Support for Building Code Adoption

15. Recent Building Code Updates
15
California Green Building Code (CALGreen)
MF update effective January 1, 2020:
• State-wide minimum: 10% of spaces EV-
capable;
• CALGreen voluntary code: up to 20% EV-
capable
New CALGreen codes for schools
CALGreen non-residential code update
planned for adoption June 2020
• Should increase from current level of
~6% spaces EV-capable and add
alterations/additions

16. National IECC Building
Codes Update
16
Non-residential code proposal
• 1 to 2 EV ready spaces and
• Roughly 20% EV capable for buildings
with 11 or more spaces
• Includes multi-family buildings over
three stories
• Passed through IECC committee with
many supporters
Residential Proposal
• Public comments will be needed to
re-consider residential proposal

17. Example Resources Available
to Support Code Adoption:
• Outreach presentations
• Model building codes and example
building codes
• Cost-Effectiveness reports
• Permitting & Inspection streamlining
report
1017
Barriers & Solutions for Building Codes Adoption
Potential Barriers to Code Adoption:
• Lack of familiarity with EV
infrastructure codes
• Lack of model codes, cost-effectiveness
data and technical resources
• Limited stakeholder awareness

18. Conclusion
18
1 - EV infrastructure building codes:
• Highly cost effective; and
• Support expansion of EV fleet.
2 - Stakeholders can:
• Support national code adoption;
• Support state and local code adoption and
implementation; and
• Encourage consideration of advanced building
codes options.

19. Thank You
epike@energy-solution.com
510-482-4420 x239
Ed Pike, P.E.
Technical Lead | Energy Solutions
ckido@pge.com
510-482-4420 x245
Cassidee Kido
Local Government Outreach Coordinator | Energy Solutions

20. Additional
Slides

21. Why Adopt EV Measures Into Building Codes?
Data Source: NESCAUM
Many states (and local
governments) have
adopted aggressive
GHG reduction goals
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
GHG Reduction Goals from Zero Emission
Vehicle Task Force States (from 1990 Baseline)
CA CT MD MA NJ NY OR RI VT

22. Source: US EPA
(2016 data)
Transportation electrification is
a key decarbonization strategy
due to lower lifecycle emissions
Transportation equals largest GHG sector
in United States
Agriculture,
9%
Commercial &
Residential, 11%
Industry, 22%
Electricity, 28%
Transportation, 28%
Why Adopt EV Measures Into Building Codes?

23. EV Building Code Example: City of Oakland
Scenario Full Circuit
Inaccessible Raceway
Installed
Electric Panel Capacity
1 parking space 1 parking space - Able to supply 1 parking space
2-10 parking spaces 2 parking spaces - Able to supply 2 parking spaces
11-15 parking spaces 2 parking spaces 1 parking space Able to supply 3 parking spaces
16-20+ parking spaces 2 parking spaces 2 parking spaces Able to supply 4 parking spaces
21+ parking spaces
10% of parking spaces (rounded
up)
Multi-Family Buildings:
Remaining 90% of spaces
Non-Res Buildings:
Additional 10%*
Able to supply 20% of spaces**
*Inaccessible raceway includes raceway installed through walls, under concrete slabs or under asphalt, etc.
**Full circuits are counted towards panel capacity requirement

24. Green Building Codes
• California has adopted Green Building Codes (“CALGreen” or Title 24, Part
11) for water efficiency, Electric Vehicle (EV) infrastructure, etc.
 Separate from state energy codes (Title 24, Part 6)
 Local jurisdictions must adopt mandatory updates and implement by
January 1, 2020
• Local cities may adopt their own local Green Building Code amendment - 28
California cities and counties have moved ahead of CALGreen on EV
infrastructure codes

25. Curb-side Charging
Examples of Additional Building
Code Development Opportunities
1010
Developing codes with details such as set-
backs, parking striping, etc.
Rationale:
Some buildings have limited or no off-street
parking.