Water conservation, methods of conservation of water, domestic,industrial and agricultural conservation of water, strategies of conservation of water,

1. WATER CONSERVATION
PRESENTATION BY,
ISRATH ELONA
S4 ECE-A
ROLL NO - 51

2. CONTENTS
Sl.No Content Slide
1 Introduction 3
2 Domestic conservation 6
3 Industrial conservation 12
4 Agricultural conservation 13
5 Strategies 15
6 Conclusion 16
7 Resources and credits 18

3. INTRODUCTION
 Water is essential for life and is always the talk of the town either
due to too much of it or too little of it
 Water conservation are economical and environmentally sound
ways to reduce water consumption and store water for future use.

4. WATER CONSERVATION
 Water conservation is the careful use and protection of water
resources and involves both the quantity and quality of water
used.
 Water is indispensable resource for the sustenance of all life
and is the basic need for all activities right from domestic use
to agricultural and industry.
 With the ever-increasing pressure of human population, there
has been a severe stress on water resources.
 Neglect of traditional water bodies like tanks and ponds,
indiscriminate and exploitation of groundwater, improper
maintenance of surface water systems has aggravated the
problem still further and is likely to increase in the years to
come

5.  The objective of water conservation can be achieved
through concrete efforts on the conservation and utilization
of water on sustainable basis with a focus on holistic
planning and sustainable development of sources of water
 The goals of water conservation efforts include as follows:
• To ensure availability for future generations.
• The withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem should not
exceed its natural replacement rate.

6. DOMESTIC CONSERVATION
 Indoor conservation
 Outdoor conservation

7. INDOOR CONSERVATION
 Shorten your shower by a minute or two and you'll save up to
150 gallons per month.
 Monitor your water bill for unusually high use. Your bill and
water meter are tools that can help you discover leaks.
 Grab a wrench and fix that leaky faucet. It's simple,
inexpensive, and you can save 140 gallons a week.
 Teach children to turn off faucets tightly after each use.
 Turn off the water while brushing your teeth! This will, on the
average, save 3 gallons of water for each time you brush.
 Use conserving appliances, such as low-volume shower heads,
efficient dishwashers and washing machines etc.
 Use low-flow toilets, and flush the toilet only when really
necessary

9. OUTDOOR CONSERVATION
 Use a bucket of water to clean your car instead of a
hose
 Sweep sidewalks, driveways and patios instead of
hosing.
 Clean gutters and downspouts manually, without using a
hose.
 Cultivate the soil regularly so water can penetrate and
develop a good root system.
 In arid and semi-arid regions, replace lush green lawns
with decorative rock garden
 Methods to harvest rainwater should be provided

10.  Use gray water from washing machines to water vegetation
 Water lawns and plants in the early morning, late afternoon or
at night so as to reduce evaporation
 Use drip or sprinkle irrigation and place water-holding mulch
around garden plants
 In arid and semi-arid regions, plant drought-resistant
vegetation that needs less water
 Local bodies should install water-meter and encourage water
pricing policies in which water is much more expensive beyond
some baseline amount.

12. INDUSTRIAL CONSERVATION
Water conservation measures that can be taken by industries and
manufacturing units include:
 Using dry cool cooling systems or cooling towers that use less
water
 Reuse the cooling water for irrigation or other purposes
 Industries and manufacturing units should curb water
withdrawals wherever possible by increasing in-plant treatment
and recycling of water or by developing new equipment and
processes that require less water
 Recycled water should be used for floor washing, and other such
purposes

13. Agriculture is the biggest water user and perhaps half of all the
agricultural water used is lost to leaks in irrigation canals and
application to areas where plants do not grow, runoff and
evaporation. Improved agricultural irrigation could reduce
withdrawals by between 20 to 30%. Tremendous saving may be
achieved by implementing following agricultural conservation
measures:
 Use lined or covered canals that reduce seepage and
evaporation
 Use improved irrigation techniques, such as sprinklers or drip
irrigation
 Irrigate fields in the early morning or at night when evaporation
is minimal
AGRICULTURAL
CONSERVATION

14.  Adopt better farming techniques, such as minimum tillage,
leaving crop residue on fields and ground cover on drainage
ways, intercropping etc.
 Use mulch to help retain water around plants
 Price agricultural water to encourage conservation
 Integrate the use of surface and ground water so as to have a
more effective use of the total resources. For instance,
irrigate with surplus surface water when it is abundant and
also use surplus surface water to recharge groundwater
aquifers; and when surface water is in short supply, use more
ground water for irrigation
 In arid and semi-arid regions, encourage the development of
crops that require less water and are drought resistant

15. STRATEGIES TO SUPPORT
WATER CONSERVATION
Some of the strategies that can support water conservation
activities and tackle the water scarcity problem include:
 Rain water harvesting
• Roof top rainwater harvesting
• Revival of traditional water harvesting structures
• Micro-catchment water harvesting
• Recharge structures for wells and bore wells
 Sustainable water utilisation
• Minimise domestic water consumption
• Recycling of waste water
• Improved irrigation methods
 Encourage natural regeneration of vegetation and supplementing
with artificial regeneration
 Maintain and improve quality of water
• Collection and treatment of waste water effluents
• Pollution check
 Awareness building on water conservation

16. CONCLUSION
 Wasting water has become a significant
environmental problem, both at consumer
and industrial levels. Hence, it has become
important for individuals and businesses
alike to find out ways to reduce the
wastage of water and conserve it.
 There are a lot of ways that we can
conserve water at our home, industries and
agricultural fields.
 Instead of waiting for somebody else to
start conserving, let us, as an individual,
take the first step towards conserving
water!

17. LET’S
START
CONSERVING

18. Wikipedia : Water conservation - Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia.html
Textbook : A Basic Course In Environmental Studies By
S Deswal and A Deswal
RESOURCES AND CREDITS