21. These stereotypes exert a significant influence on our perceptions, memories, explanations for things that happen and behaviors – often without our awareness.
38. Unconscious bias - judgments and thoughts that, if unexamined, remain outside of conscious awareness or conscious control (e.g., stereotypes that one does not endorse, but may still influence one’s judgments or behaviors).
63. CONTACT INFORMATION Ellen Ostrow, Ph.D., CMC Lawyers Life Coach LLC 910 17th Street, N.W. Suite 306 Washington, DC 20006 Phone: 202-595-3108 Email: Ellen@lawyerslifecoach.com Web: http://LawyersLifeCoach.com To subscribe to our freeezine, “Beyond theBillable Hour,”go to http://LawyersLifeCoach.com
Notas do Editor
Stereotypes are representations of people that rely on preconceived ideas about the group that person is perceived as belonging to. It is assumed that an individual shares personal characteristics with other members of that group eg blondes are all stupid, accountants are all boring. A stereotype is a simplified and/or standardized conception or image with specific meaning, often held in common by members of a group. A stereotype can be a conventional and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image. Stereotypes can range from those that are wildly inaccurate and negative to those that are more than a little bit true and may even shed positive light upon the group of individuals. They are typically generalizations based on minimal or limited knowledge about a group to which the person doing the stereotyping does not belong. Persons may be grouped based on race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or any number of other categories. “Those who generate and perpetuate stereotypes of others are usually in positions of greater power and status than those who are stereotyped. Stereotypes not only define and place others as inferior, but also implicitly affirm and legitimate those who stereotype in their own position and identity.” Ethnic stereotypes are fixed, oversimplified ideas about an entire group. A stereotype may contain a "kernel of truth," but this kernel becomes exaggerated and rigidly applied to the entire group.
Hopkins v PriceWaterhouseCoopers – Ann B. Hopkins – high performing but “masculine acting” prospective partnerAlleged she was denied partnership due to gender.PW countered that Hopkins had interpersonal problems (was macho)Count ruled that gender-based stereotyping influenced perceptions of her behaviorBecause she was woman in nontraditional role, her behavior seen as more extreme than men who behaved similarly.