This document discusses the U.S. annexation of the Philippines in the late 19th/early 20th century. It provides biographies of key figures involved including Filipino independence leader Emilio Aguinaldo, author Mark Twain who strongly opposed annexation, and industrialist Andrew Carnegie who offered $20 million for Philippine independence. It also mentions U.S. General Elwell Stephen Otis and includes quotes from Mark Twain and William Jennings Bryan expressing anti-imperialist views against colonizing the Philippines.

1. Philippines

3. Anti- Imperialist
cartoon against
the takeover of the
Philippines during
the Spanish
American War

4. Emilio Aguinaldo
Filipino general, Politician and
independence leader. First president
of the Philippines
Mark Twain
Part of the Anti-Imperialist
league. Twain strongly objected to
the annexation of the Philippines.
Ardently spoke out against the
annexation

5. Andrew Carnegie
Tried to arrange for independence of
the Philippines . Personally offered $20
million to the Philippines so they could
buy their independence from the U.S.
Elwell Stephen Otis
United States American General
who served In the Philippines .
Military Governor of the
Philippines during the
Philippine-American war.

7. “...Why not spread its wings over the Philippines, I asked myself? ... I said
to myself, Here are a people who have suffered for three centuries…But
I have thought some more, since then, and I have read carefully
the treaty of Paris and I have seen that we do not intend to free, but to
subjugate the people of the Philippines. We have gone there to
conquer, not to redeem. It should, it seems to me, be our pleasure and
duty to make those people free, and let them deal with their own
domestic questions in their own way. And so I am an anti-imperialist. I
am opposed to having the eagle put its talons on any other land”
- Mark Twain

8. “Imperialism is the policy of an empire. And an empire is a nation
composed of different races, living under varying forms of government.
A republic cannot be an empire…the consent of the governed and
colonialism violates this theory. We do not want the Filipinos for
citizens. They cannot, without danger to us, share in the government of
our nation and moreover, we cannot afford to add another race
question to the race questions which we already have. Neither can we
hold the Filipinos as subjects even if we could benefit them by doing...
Our experiment in colonialism has been unfortunate. Instead of profit,
it has brought loss. Instead of strength, it has brought weakness.
Instead of glory, it has brought humiliation”
-William Jennings Bryan