1. Methods of Locating
Features on a Map
There are three (3) methods to locating places
and features on a map.
- Alphanumeric Grid System.
- Military Grid System.
- Longitude and Latitude.

3. 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
. A
. B
. C
. D

4. Lines of Latitude
- Are imaginary lines.
- They run east to west
around the globe.
- They are parallel to one
another.
- They are located
approximately 111km
apart on the earth’s
surface.

6. Geography of Canada
Longitude
 Imaginary lines on a map that
divides the planet into vertical
wedges.
 Sometimes these lines are called
Meridians
 They do not run parallel to each
other, but converge at the North
/ South Poles.
 The line of longitude at 00 is
called the Prime Meridian and
can be located in Greenwich,
London, England.
 The International Dateline is at
1800 and is found on the
opposite side of the planet.

7. Geography of Canada
Longitude
 Time Zones
the planet is divided into
one hour segments.
each segment is
approximately 150 and
makes up 24
sections/hours.
Canada has six (6) time
zones (Newfoundland,
Atlantic, Eastern, Central,
Mountain & Pacific.

8. Geography of Canada
Longitude
 Navigation Uses
lines of longitude are
used in unison with
latitudinal lines to
locate places and
features on a map.
found in GPS,
satellites, military,
aviation, nautical
systems, etc.

9. Assignment for Today
Textbook Assignment
- Read pages 30-37.
- Answer questions 1- 10 on page 32.
- Complete the “Take aTrip” paragraphs by
filling in the blanks in the story.
- First to complete the “Take aTrip”
assignment (page 36) accurately will win a
prize.

10. Geography of Canada:
Longitude
Time Zones
Canadian, Sir Stanford Fleming, proposed a
worldwide system of time zones in 1879. He
advocated his system at several international
conferences, thus is widely credited with the
invention.
By about 1900, almost all time on Earth was in
the form of standard time zones, only some of
which used an hourly offset from GMT.

13. Geography of Canada
Time Zones
Why are the time zones not always 15o?
Political
- Major cities in an area will have the same time.
- Opening and closing of government offices would be standard in an area.
- Provinces will have standard for continuity.
Economical
- Stores and offices will be open at convenient times of the day.
- People leaving home will have the same time as their place of work.
- Phoning /emailing places around the world will be standardized by region.
Social
- People with similar cultural characteristics who live in a particular region will
have a standard time.

14. Geography of Canada
Time Zones
How are the Zones determined?
- Using water barriers, like rivers, lakes and seas.
- Physical barriers, like mountains, deserts, forests.
- Political boundaries could be used to separate time
zones.
Any physical or human feature that causes a
natural break in the communication between
populations living in an area.

16. Geography of Canada
The 24 hour Clock
01:00 = 1am
02:00 = 2am
11:00 = 11am
13:00 = 1pm
16:00 = 4pm
19:00 = 7pm
21:00 = 9pm
23:00 = 11pm

17. Geography of Canada
Answer the Question
You have a flight from St. John’s, Newfoundland
which takes off at 7am.The flight is to
Edmonton and will take 4 hours.What is the
time in Edmonton when you arrive?
Answer
The time in St. John’s when you arrive in
Edmonton is 11am.
Edmonton’s time difference is 3.30 hours.
Therefore the time of arrival is 7.30am.