300003-World Science Day For Peace And Development.pptx
20140905 sti costas_noyons
1. From publications to people: bibliometric
benchmarking of a selection of countries in the
Life Sciences based on individual-level
bibliometrics
Rodrigo Costas & Ed Noyons
Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS),
Leiden University, the Netherlands
Funded by Crucell Vaccine Institute
2. 2
Introduction
• Usual objects of bibliometric studies: Countries and
institutions (affiliations)
• The actual producers of knowledge are scholars
• Two approaches for bibliometric studies:
1. Measure performance of an institution/ country
2. Measure performance of the individuals of an institution/country
• 2nd approach less explored due to limitations in
individual-level bibliometric data
3. Main objective of this study
• To explore the potential of a bibliometric study of
countries based on the performance of individuals
‘affiliated’ to them
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5. Data and Methodology
• Web of Science (WoS), 1980-2011/12
• Publication classification
– Meso level (~800 clusters, fields);
• Life Sciences (LS) [selection of publications by experts];
• Identified authors with algorithm (Caron & v.Eck);
• Authors with 50% or more production in LS.
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6. Life sciences
6
Cognitive
sciences
(Bio) medical
sciences
Social
sciences
Computer
sciences &
Maths
Physical
sciences
Earth/
Environment
al sciences
7. Life sciences
7
Cognitive
sciences
(Bio) medical
sciences
Earth/
Environment
al sciences
8. Countries selected for this study
• Belgium
• Brazil
• China
• Denmark
• Finland
• Germany
• Netherlands
• Poland
• Sweden
• Switzerland
• UK
• US
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9. Issues regarding individuals
• Name disambiguation;
• To which countries does an individual belong?
• Phase of a career vs. development of a country.
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10. Approach regarding individuals
• Individual authors disambiguated (Caron & van Eck, 2014)
presented yesterday;
• Calculation of
– Most common certain address (MCAD)
– Most probable recent address (MPRAD);
• Individuals are assigned to the country by MCAD
• ‘Certain’ linkages author-affiliations
– Reprint addresses, direct linkages author-affiliation, e-mail data, single affiliation
papers, etc.;
• Information on the affiliations of individuals and their first year of
publication (scientific age)
– ‘Young’ researchers: first publication year in the last 10 years;
• Threshold production: >5 publications.
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11. Country analyses
• Measure performance using addresses (author
affiliation)
• Measure performance using performance of individuals
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12. Methodology – performance typologies used
12
P
Highest
Lowest
PPtop10% MNJS
‘Top top‘Hpeigrhs’ impact’
‘Top
producers’
21. Conclusions - results
• Most western countries perform well in ‘top producers’
and production;
• China, Poland & Brazil accelerate incorporation of ‘new’
scholars in the most recent years;
• Percentage of young top-toppers relatively high in China
and Brazil;
• US dominates the main picture worldwide but not
regarding young toppers;
• …
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22. Conclusions - approach
• New information and new perspectives
– Productivity may be measured
– Potential input to further characterize actors and their development
– Insight into organization of science and national systems;
• Complementary to overall performance analysis of
actors
– A combination of results will make the picture more complete;
• …
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23. Further research
• New pathways for research performance analysis: ‘bottom-up’
• ‘Ecosystems of scholars’ as opposed to single-dimension
perspectives (e.g. h-index, Impact Factor, etc.)
– Expansion of the ‘publish or perish’ debate
• Data issues:
– Name disambiguation
– Better linkage authors-affiliations
• Other classificatory approaches
– Characteristic Scores and Scales approach instead of percentiles
• Other disciplines, mobility
• How to consider the bibliometric analysis of individuals?
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