Classroom Reporting

1. INDIA"OLDEST LIVING CIVILIZATION OF EARTH"
‘TRUTH ALONE TRIUMPHS’

2. • 7TH largest country in the world.
• Covers an area of about 3.28 million sq. km.
• Surrounded by three (3) different water
bodies which made it easily recognizable on
the world map.
• Has a population of 1.24 billion (2014 est.)

3. MAP OF INDIA
There is a great diversity of landforms such as lofty mountains, deep
valleys, extensive plains and a number of islands.

4. GEOGRAPHY FACTS
NEW DELHI is the capital of India
RAJASTHAN is the largest of all Indian states.
GOA is the smallest state.
UTTAR PRADESH is the most populous state.
GUJARAT is one of the most prosperous of all Indian states.
Has 12 major rivers (Ganga as the longest and most pious
river in India).
Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kutch and Gulf of Cambay are the
major gulfs of the country.

5. FLAG OF INDIA
The National flag of India
(affectionately called तिरंगा
meaning 'tricolour') has three
equal horizontal bands - the
top panel is India saffron
(Kesari), the bottom panel is
India green and white middle
band bearing at its centre the
design of Ashoka Chakra in
navy blue colour with 24
equally spaced spokes.

6. SAFFRON - stands for renunciation,
disinterestedness, courage and sacrifice.
WHITE –
symbolizes truth,
peace and purity.
GREEN – represents prosperity, vibrance
and life.
The ASHOK CHAKRA (wheel)
represents the righteousness,
progress, and perpetuity. The
24 spokes of the wheel
represents the 24 hours of a
day.

7. NATIONAL SYMBOLS
Animal – TIGER
Flower – LOTUS
Bird – INDIAN PEACOCK
River – GANGA RIVER
Tree – INDIAN FIG TREE
(BANYAN TREE)
Fruit – MANGO
Aquatic animal – GANGES RIVER
DOLPHIN

8. LANGUAGES
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES:
Hindi
English

9. HINDI ENGLISH
ek one
do two
tin three
car four
pamc five
chh six
sat seven
ath eight
nau nine
das ten
HINDI ENGLISH
safed white
kala black
lal red
pila yellow
nara green
nila blue
bhura brown
naramgi orange
sleti grey
gulabi pink
baimgani purple
NUMBER COLORS

10. RELIGION
80%
13%
7%
Religion
Hinduism
Islam
Others
 Birthplace of the INDIAN
Religion (Hinduism, Buddhism,
Jainism and Sikhism)
 23 million Christians, over 19
million Sikhs, about 8 million
Buddhists and about 4 million
Jains.

11. GOVERNMENT

12. EDUCATION
“10+2+3” pattern
 originated from the recommendation of
the Education Commission (1964-66)
 12 years
- Schools and colleges
First 10 years subdivided
into three:
• 5 years – primary
education
• 3 years – upper primary
• 2 years – high school
3 years
- A bachelor’s
degree

13. TRADITIONS
 Never pass on anything
to an Indian with your
left hand.
 Indians prefer to eat in
private.
 Shoes are considered
dirty in India. If you step
on something important,
better say sorry
immediately.

14. WEDDINGS
COMMON RITUALS
(Hindu):
 Kanyadaan
 Panigrahana
 Saptapadi
 Anand Karaj – Sikhs
ceremony
 Couple walk around
the holy book, GURU
GRANTH SAHIB four
times.
 NIKAH – payment of
financial dower called
MAHR
 Signing of marriage
contract
 Reception
HUSBAND and WIFE

15. FOOD
 One of the most
popular cuisines
across the globe,
ranging from very
spicy to very mild,
varying with seasons
in each region.
Known
for its
love for
food and
spices.
Thali – a plate with rice,
bread, and a selection of
sides.

16. NIMMATNAMA-I NASIRUDDIN-SHAHI (Book of Recipes)
-documents the fine art of making KHEER, a milk
based dessert in India.
4 steps :
1. Select the cows carefully.
2. Pay attention to what the cows
eat.
3. Feed them sugar canes.
4. Use this milk to make the best
KHEER.

17. Though a significant portion of
Indian food is VEGETARIAN,
some traditional Indian dishes
also include:
 Chicken
 Goat
 Buffalo
 Beef
 Lamb
 Fish and other meats.

18. Mithai or Sweets
500 BCE
- people in India developed the
technology to produce sugar crystals.
- these crystals were called
Khanda (origin of the word CANDY)

19. COSTUME
Traditional Indian clothing is influenced by local culture,
geography, climate and rural/urban setting.
In public and religious places,
they discourage exposure of
skin and wearing transparent or
tight clothes.
Because of their hot and
rainy weather, most Indians
wear sandals.

20. WOMEN
 They perfect their sense
of charm and fashion
with make-up and
ornaments.
 Wears BINDI which is worn on
their forehead. RED Bindi for
married women and coloured
Bindi for single women.
 Some wear SINDOOR – a red or
orange-red powder in the parting
of their hair.

21. SARI
- most common and oldest
forms of dress for Indian women.
- made of 6 meters of cloth,
wrapped to form a skirt and draped over
the shoulder. It is worn with CHOLI, a
stitched, fitted blouse.
GHAGHRA CHOLIS
- a long pleated skirt
(GHAGHRA) is worn with a long or short
stitched and fitted blouse (CHOLI).

22. SALWAR KHAMEEZ
- outfit made of a
long tunic (KHAMEEZ)
and a loose pants
(SALWAR), usually worn
with a scarf called
ODHNI.

23. MEN
KURTA and CHUDIDAAR
- the same as women’s
salwar khameez, it is made of
stitched pants in silk or cotton
that are gathered at the ankle
(CHUDIDAAR) and a long,
straight tunic (KURTA).
DHOTI
- a piece of cloth
wrapped around the legs and
tucked into the waist to form
pants.

24. CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIAN LITERATURE
1. There is intimate alliance and the perfect fusion between poetry
and religion.
2. Poetry and music are indissolubly inter-woven with each other.
3. Indian Literature is soaked in the element of love.
4. There is no tragedy in Indian Literature.
5. Indian Literature is eclectic.

25. IMPORTANT AUTHORS IN INDIA
R.K. Narayan  The best and foremost Indian
writer in English.
 His novels and short-stories are
the reasons why common
middle-class Indians developed
an interest in English.
 Has written many fictions
including “Swami and Friends”,
“The Guide”, “A Tiger for
Malgudi”, “The English Teacher,
and also his famous and most
sold book, his collection of short
stories – “Malgudi Days”.

26. Arundhati Roy Began her career writing
screenplays for television
and movies, and went on
become one of the most
recognized names in Indian
writing in English.
 She rose to international
prominence after winning the
Man Booker Prize for Fiction
in 1988 for her novel “The
God of Small Things”.
 Other famous books include
“The Algebra of Infinite
Justice”, Listening to
Grasshoppers” and “Broken
Republic”.

27. Mulk Raj Anand  Pioneer of Anglo-Indian fiction.
 His works are remarkable for
their depiction of poorer castes
in a conventional Indian
society.
 One of the first Indian writers
in English who gained
international readership with
his first novel “Untouchable”
published in 1935.
 Notable works include “The
Village”, “Coolie”, and “The
Private Life of an Indian
Prince”.
 He is an author whose every
book is highly recommended.

28. Jhumpa Lahiri No list in Indian writing in
English is complete without
her name.
 Her debut short story,
“Interpreter of Maladies”, after
facing rejection for years was
finally released in 1999, and
won the 2000 Pulitzer Prize for
Fiction and the O. Henry
Award.
 Has written three other books
– “ Unaccustomed Earth”, and
“The Lowland” which was
shortlisted for the 2013 Man
Booker Prize.
 Her writing is distinguished for
her plain, yet deep, language
and Indian immigrant
characters.

29. Salman
Rushdie
 Controversy’s favorite child, he
is most notably known for “The
Satanic Verses” which
provoked Muslims from across
the world, and led to a fatwa
by Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran.
 He was knighted by Queen
Elizabeth II for his contribution
to literature.
 His famous works include
“Midnight’s Children”, “Luka
and the Fire of Life”, “Shalimar
the Clown”, and “The
Enchantress of Florence”.
 His fictions are captivating
combination of reality and
history.