The document discusses Integrated Environmental Authorizations (IEAs) in Italy, which regulate plant operations to ensure compliance with environmental requirements. It describes the relevant European and Italian regulations. It provides details on what types of plants and activities require an IEA, including thresholds based on production capacity. It also lists the types of permits that are replaced by the IEA and discusses the concept of technically connected activities that fall under the IEA.

1. L’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (A.I.A.) Aspetti normativi e casi di studio Dr. Federico Balzan eAmbiente srl Marghera (VE), 22 novembre 2011 Federico Balzan eAmbiente Srl Venice International University November 22 2011 IPPC Directive: the Integrated Environmental Authorization (IEA)

5. The “IEA” (Integrated Environmental Authorization) regulations in Italy (“AIA” in italian)

6. Vocabulary The IEA Integrated Environmental Authorization (AIA in italian) is the measure that authorizes the operation of a plant or part of it under certain conditions, which must ensure compliance with legal requirements (IPPC directive – Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control ) Directive 1996/61/CE by European Parliament and Council on IPPC Decreto legislativo 3 aprile 2006, n. 152 2008/1/CE by European Parliament and Council Decreto legislativo 29 giugno 2010, n. 128 transposition transposition development

7. Vocabulary Integrated Environmental Authorization (IEA-AIA) = "the measure that authorizes a plant falling between those of Article 4, paragraph 4, letter c), or part of it under certain conditions which guarantee that the plant complies with the requirements of Title III bis of the Legislative Decree no. 152/06 and subsequent amendments and integrations. Integrated environmental authorization (IEA-AIA) may cover one or more plants or parts of it , which are located on the same site and operated by the same operator“ (Article 4, paragraph 1, letter or bis of Legislative Decree no. 152/06 and subsequent amendments) Plant = "the stationary technical unit where one or more activities listed in Annex VIII and any other ancillary activities are set , which are technically related with the activities in that site and could affect emissions and pollution" ( Art . 5, paragraph 1, letter i-c, Leg. 152/06and subsequent amendments)

8. 1. Energy industries. 1.1 Combustion installations with a rated thermal input exceeding 50 MW. 1.2. Mineral oil and gas refinery. 1.3. Coke ovens. 1.4. Coal gasification and liquefaction plants. 2. Production and processing of metals. 2.1 Roasting or sintering metal ore, including sulphide ore. 2.2. Installations for the production of pig iron or steel (primary or secondary fusion) including continuous casting, with a capacity exceeding 2.5 tonnes per hour. 2.3. Installations for the processing of ferrous metals: a) hot-rolling mills with a capacity exceeding 20 tonnes of crude steel per hour; b) forging with hammers the energy of which exceeds 50 kilojoules per hammer, where 'the calorific power and' greater than 20 MW; c) application of protective fused metal coats with an input exceeding 2 tonnes of crude steel per hour. 2.4. Ferrous metal foundries with a production capacity exceeding 20 tonnes perday. 2.5. Plants: a) for the production of non-ferrous crude metals from ore, concentrates or secondary raw materials by metallurgical, chemical or electrolytic processes; b) melting alloy and non-ferrous metals, including recovered products (refining,foundry casting, etc.), with a melting capacity exceeding 4 tonnes per day for leadand cadmium or 20 tonnes per day for all other metals. 2.6. Installations for surface treatment of metals and plastic materials using an electrolytic or chemical process where the tanks of the treatment have a traffic volume exceeds 30 m3. The activities listed in Annex VIII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06

9. 3. Mineral industry. 3.1. Installations for the production of clinker (cement) in rotary kilns with a production capacity exceeding 500 tonnes per day or lime in rotary kilns with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day, or in other furnaces with a capacity of production of more than 50 tonnes per day. 3.2. Installations for the production of asbestos and the manufacture of asbestos products. 3.3. Installations for the manufacture of glass including the production of glass fibers with a melting capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day. 3.4. Installations for melting mineral substances including those involving the production of mineral fibers with a melting capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day. 3.5. Installations for the manufacture of ceramic products by firing, in particular roofing tiles, bricks, refractory bricks, tiles, stoneware or porcelain, with a production capacity exceeding 75 tonnes per day and / or with a kiln capacity exceeding 4 m3 and with density per kiln exceeding 300 kg/m3. The activities listed in Annex VIII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06

10. 4. Chemical industry. Within the categories of activities under Section 4 shall mean the production on an industrial scale by chemical substances or groups of substances referred to in paragraphs 4.1 to 4.6. 4.1 Chemical installations for the manufacture of organic chemicals basics such as: a) simple hydrocarbons (linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic); b) oxygen-containing hydrocarbons such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids carboxylic acids, sters, acetates, ethers, peroxides, epoxy resins; c) sulphurous hydrocarbons; d) nitrogenous hydrocarbons, including amines, amides, nitrous compounds, or nitrate compounds, nitriles, cyanates, isocyanates; e) phosphorus-containing hydrocarbons; f) halogenated hydrocarbons; g) organometallic compounds; h) basic plastic materials (polymers, synthetic fibers, fiber-based cellulose); i) synthetic rubbers; j) dyes and pigments; k) surface-active agents and surfactants. 4.2. Chemical installations for the production of chemicals inorganic bases , such as: a) gases, such as ammonia, chlorine or hydrogen chloride, fluorine or fluoride hydrogen, carbon oxides, sulfur compounds, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen, sulfur dioxide, carbonyl dichloride; b) acids, such as chromic acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oleum, sulphurous acids; c) bases, such as ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, sodium; d) salts such as ammonium chloride, potassium chlorate, carbonate potassium, sodium carbonate, perborate, silver nitrate; e) non-metals, metal oxides or other inorganic compounds such as calcium carbide, silicon, silicon carbide. 4.3. Chemical installations for the manufacture of fertilizers phosphorus , nitrogen or potassium (simple or compound fertilizers). 4.4 Chemical installations for the manufacture of basic products plant protection products and biocides. 4.5 Installations using a chemical or biological process for the manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products 4.6. Chemical installations for the manufacture of explosives. The activities listed in Annex VIII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06

11. 5. Waste management. Except those of Art. 11 of Directive 75/442/EEC and Art. 3 of Directive 91/689/EEC of 12 December 1991 on hazardous waste. 5.1. Installations for the disposal or recycling of hazardous waste , the list of article. 1,paragraph 4 of Directive 91/689/EEC, as defined in Annexes II A and II B (operationsR 1, R 5, R 6, R 8 and R 9) of Directive 75/442/EEC and Directive 75 / 439/CEE of the Council of 16 June 1975 on the disposal of waste oils, with a capacity exceeding 10 tonnes per day. 5.2. Installations for the incineration of municipal waste as defined in Council Directive 89/369/EEC of 8 June 1989 on the prevention of air pollution from newmunicipal waste incineration plants, and in Directive 89/429/EEC Council of 21 June 1989 on the reduction of air pollution from municipal waste incineration plants with acapacity exceeding 3 tonnes per hour. 5.3. Installations for the disposal of non-hazardous waste as defined in Annex A to Directive 11 75/442/EEC under headings D8 and D9, with a capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day. 5.4. Landfills receiving more than 10 tonnes per day or with a total capacity of over 25,000 tonnes, excluding landfills of inert waste. The activities listed in Annex VIII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06

12. 6. Other activities. 6.1. Industrial plants for the manufacture of: a) pulp from timber or other fibrous materials; b) paper and board with a production capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day; 6.2. Plants for the pretreatment (operations such as washing, bleaching,mercerization) or dyeing of fibers or textiles where the treatment capacity exceeds 10 tonnes per day. 6.3. Plants for the tanning of hides and skins where the treatment capacity exceeds 12 tonnes per day of finished product. 6.4: a) Slaughterhouses with a carcass production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes perday; b) Treatment and processing intended for the manufacture of food products from:Animal raw materials (other than milk) with a finished product production capacity greater than 75 tons per day or vegetable raw materials with a production capacityof finished products than 300 tonnes per day (average value on a quarterly basis); c) Treatment and processing of milk, the quantity of milk received being greater than200 tons per day (average value on an annual basis). 6.5. Installations for the disposal or recycling of animal carcasses and animal waste with a treatment capacity exceeding 10 tonnes per day. 6.6. Installations for the intensive rearing of poultry or pigs with more than: a) 40,000 places for poultry; b) 2,000 places for production pigs (over 30 kg), or c) 750 places for sows. 6.7. Installations for surface treatment of substances, objects or products using organic solvents, in particular for dressing, printing, coating, degreasing,waterproofing, sizing, painting, cleaning or impregnating, with a consumption capacity of more than 150 kg at 'hour or 200 tons per year. 6.8. Installations for the production of carbon (hard-burnt coal) or electrographitemeans of incineration or graphitization. The activities listed in Annex VIII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06

13. Veneto Region IEA activities (751 definetly authorized) The activities listed in Annex VIII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06 Livestock Waste treatment Others

14. Types of plants subject to national IEA- AIA (Annex XII to Part II of Legislative Decree no.152/06 and subsequent amendments): 1) Crude oil refineries (excluding undertakings manufacturing only lubricants from crude oil) and installations for the gasification and liquefaction of 500 tonnes (Mg) per day of coal or oil shale ; 2) Thermal power stations and other combustion installations with a heat output of 300 megawatts; 3) Integrated works for the initial smelting of cast iron and steel ; 4) Chemical installations with total annual production capacity by class of product, expressed in millions of kilograms, exceeding the thresholds; 5)Plants that are functionally connected to a plant referred to above, located on the same site, operated by the same operator, who do not perform activities listed in Annex VIII; 6) Other plants included in the categories listed in Annex I located entirely in the sea . The activities listed in Annex XII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06

15. The activities listed in Annex XII to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06 National IEA: where are our plants?

16. Summarizing: subjection to IEA (AIA) (and referred jurisdiction) dependent on: 1. Exercise of certain plants / production of certain products 2. (if any) production capacity of the plant

17. Single permissions replaced by IEA (AIA) (Appendix IX to Part II of Legislative Decree no. 152/06 ): 1. Authorization to emissions into the atmosphere , without prejudice to the profiles on the health aspects (Title I of Part Five of the Legislative Decree no. 152/06 and subsequent amendments). 2. Authorization to water drainage (Chapter II of Title IV of Part Three of the Legislative Decree no. 152/06 and subsequent amendments). 3. Authorisation only for new disposal facilities and recycling of waste (Art. 208 of Legislative Decree no. 152/06 and subsequent amendments). 4. Authorization for disposal of equipment containing PCB-PCT * (Legislative Decree22 May 1999, No. 209, Art. 7). 5. Authorization for the use of sewage sludge from the purification process in agriculture (Legislative Decree 27 January 1992, No. 99, Art. 9). * Components of transformer oil

18. Concept of "technically connected activities" " For ancillary activity, technically linked to a core business within one of the categories listed in Annex I of the Legislative Decree 372/1999, shall mean a business: (see Circular Min Amb. 13/07/2004) a) held by the same operator; b) the principal activity conducted on the same site or a site adjacent and directly connected to the site of the primary means of functional technological infrastructure for the conduct of the principal; c) the details have some involvement with the technical procedures for carrying out the main activity.

19. Concept of "technically connected activities" So a plant can have: - Only one IEA (AIA); - One IEA (AIA) and other separate and sectoral permits; - Two or more AIA (and any other separate and sectoral permits).

23. see DM on 01/10/2008 G.U.R.I. 12/02/2009 1. Principle of the integrated approach: ... take into account the so-called cross-media effects is an essential step to prevent and control in a coordinated manner the various forms of pollution. 2. Compliance with environmental quality standards and LAWS : the IEA (AIA) must, however, operate in an environment of compliance with environmental quality regulations ... 3. General principles of Article. 3, paragraph 1 of Legislative Decree no. 59/05 : general principles to be taken into account in determining the conditions for the EIA (AIA): a) appropriate measures must be taken to prevent pollution, in particular by applying best available techniques; b) there must be no significant pollution events; c) should be avoided the production of waste, where possible; d) the energy must be used efficiently; e) the necessary measures to prevent accidents shall be taken and limit their consequences; f) must be avoided any risk of pollution upon definitive cessation of activities and the site restored in accordance with current regulations relating to land reclamation and environmental restoration. The "philosophy" of the IEA (AIA)

24. Announcement publication By 15 days Check completeness + Communication of startup procedure By 30 days Submission of this application (IEA) T=0 Presentation of observations By 30 days Conference of the services + requests for additions By 60 days Issue of IEA (AIA) By 150 days from submission of application (+30 days in case of requests for additions at the Conference of the services ) The procedure for IEA (AIA) granting (issue) (Article 29-ter, paragraph 4 and Art. 29-c Leg. 152/06) Any request additions (submission deadline 30 days max) (time block) Possible acquisition integrations (submission deadline 90 days max) (time block) First document review, which is analogous to the verification of admissibility applications for ”VIA “(see art. 23 TUA) Please note that in case of non-submission, the instance is retreated Publication also on the website of the competent authority Reintroduced the obligation of the Conference of the services Eliminated the prediction on the application of power of Government replacement in case administration inertia Note: the changes of Legislative Decree no. 59/05 are painted in green

26. The regional law on IEA (AIA)

27. The DGRV 668/07: two case studies Activities for which BAT are available and identified by Decree of the Ministry of Environment (DM 31.01.2001) Activities for which BAT are not available and not identified by Decree of the Ministry of Environment Request accompanied by general information only (points A1, A2, A3, A6, A8 and A9) + Copies of permits that already exists IEA (AIA) final issue IEA (AIA) temporary issue Request with all modules attached to DGRV 688 of 20.03.2007

28. Final IEA (AIA) release in the Veneto region

29. The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation FORM A - GENERAL INFORMATION FORM B - DATA AND CURRENT NEWS on the plant FORM C - DATA AND NEWS TO AUTHORIZE the plant FORM D - IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROPOSED PLANT AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS FORM E - MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS and MONITORING PLAN NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY + ATTACHED TO VARIOUS FORMS Same forms for the plants in national IEA (AIA)

30. Form A: The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation

31. Form A: The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation

32. The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation Form B: Evaluation of the amount of pollutant released

33. Form D: Report prepared by using models of atmospheric dispersion of pollutants The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation

34. May require the use of dispersion models of the noise Form D: The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation

35. How to manage the significant environmental aspects for which adjustments will be made (i.e. landscape) Form E: The DGRV 668/07: the required documentation

36. The DGRV 242/10: operational guidance on the PMC (monitoring and control plan) in waste management plants L.R. 3/2000, art. 26 PC (control programm) D.Lgs. 36/2003 PSC (supervision plan and control) D.lgs. 152/06, Parte 2^ PMC (monitoring plan and control)

37. Cases: Plants for which should be available 2 tools for monitoring and control The DGRV 242/10 is considered appropriate to prepare a single document (as defined for administrative simplicity PMC) which must therefore include procedures and criteria established by Law R. 3/2000 as well as content provided by D. DecreeNo 59/2005 The DGRV 242/10: operational guidance on the PMC (monitoring and control plan) in waste management plants

39. Simplifications for ISO 14001/EMAS There are opportunities to simplify for companies already certified to ISO14001 or EMAS (Eco management and audit scheme) Possibility of using part of the documentation already available to prepare the attachments to forms

40. Simplifications for ISO 14001/EMAS There are opportunities to simplify for companies already certified to ISO14001 or EMAS (Eco management and audit scheme) Possibility of using part of the documentation already available to prepare the attachments to forms An example

41. Regional law 26/07 Distribution of responsibilities for the issue of IEA (AIA) between the Region and Province: 1. Energy activities 4. Chemical industry (except 4.1, letters j and k) 5. Waste management (excluding hazardous waste recovery - operations R5, R6, R8 and R9 - and landfills for inert waste and urban) 6. other activities (limited to: 6.5 - removal / recovery of carcasses) 2. Metals 3. Mineral products 4. Chemical industry (activity 4.1, letters j and k) 5. Waste management (recovery of hazardous waste - operation R5, R6, R8 and R9 - and landfills for inert waste and urban) 6. other activities ( all except 6.5 - removal / recovery of carcasses)

42. No procedural rule for facilities where these activities are simultaneously subject to a regional jurisdiction IEA (AIA) and provincial jurisdiction IEA (AIA) Regional law 26/07

43. Skills for IEA (AIA) Release It is available on the website of ARPAV an excel file that indicates, for each type of system, the competence to issue the IEA (AIA) (v. http://ippc.arpa.veneto.it/index.php?id=autorit_competente_ippc ):

45. La DGRV 1519 del 26/05/09: the payment of costs of controls

46. Integrated environmental inspections: first experiences in Veneto La DGRV 1519 del 26/05/09: the payment of costs of controls

47. Examples of plant followed by eAmbiente Customer ALTO VICENTINO SERVIZI spa Type of service Assistenza in fase di rilascio dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per impianto di depurazione acque reflue e smaltimento rifiuti liquidi di Thiene (VI) Period 2009-10 Customer AIM BONIFICHE VICENZA srl Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per impianto di smaltimento rifiuti di Venezia Marghera Period 2007 Customer CARTIERE CARIOLARO Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per le cartiere di Camignano di Brenta e S. Pietro in Gu (PD) Period 2007

48. Examples of plant followed by eAmbiente Customer CEMENTIZILLO Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione delle integrazioni per il rilascio dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) del cementificio di Fanna (PN) Period 2008 Customer CEREAL DOCKS SPA Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per l'impianto di lavorazione materie prime vegetali di Camisano Vicentino (VI) Period 2007 Customer ETRA SpA Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per impianti di smaltimento rifiuti liquidi di Carmignano di Brenta, Limena, Selvazzano e Rubano (PD) Period 2007

49. Examples of plant followed by eAmbiente Customer FASSA SpA Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per l'impianto di produzione di calce di Spresiano (TV) Period 2007 Customer ITALIA ZUCCHERI Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per lo zuccherificio di Pontelongo (PD) Period 2009 Customer FONDERIA ANSELMI SpA Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per la fonderia di Camposampiero (PD) Period 2007 Customer SESA S.p.a. Type of service Assistenza in fase di predisposizione della documentazione necessaria alla richiesta dell’Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale (IPPC) per la discarica di Este (PD) Period 2007

51. Thank you for your attention Dr. Federico Balzan eAmbiente Srl e-mail f.balzan@eambiente.it