Davi Ezequiel François, Witold-Roger Poganietz [English] The Lima Smart Villages Workshop aimed to facilitate the analysis and exchange between the public and private sectors and civil society, from first-hand experiences in the field of energy in rural off-grid communities. Topics for discussion include rural electrification; energy generation and distribution; the inclusion of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy matrix; productive use of energy in rural communities; clean cooking technologies; efficient heating; and rural energy entrepreneurship. The discussions are aimed at outlining new prospects for reducing rural poverty in South American countries through the access and use of sustainable energy sources. [Español] Dinamizar el análisis e intercambio entre el sector público y privado, a partir de experiencias en el campo de la electrificación rural fuera de la red, la generación distribuida y la penetración de las energías renovables en la matriz energética; a fin de esbozar nuevas perspectivas para reducir la pobreza en América Latina. More info: http://e4sv.org/events/lima-smart-villages-workshop/

1. INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS – Department of Energy, Resources, Technologies, Systems
Energy supply for poverty reduction in rural
areas of Ceará, Brazil - a holistic view
Davi Ezequiel François and Dr. Witold-Roger Poganietz
25.01.2016 - Lima, Peru

2. 25.01.20162
Energy as a vector for poverty reduction
Modern Energy supply
Poverty Reduction
Education
Information
access
Health care
Production
ParticipationFood security

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Lack of capability
building
Energy as a vector for poverty reduction
Modern Energy supply
Poverty Reduction
Lack of
infrastructure
Corruption
Poor
governance
Land
degradation

4. 25.01.20164
Source:ProgramadasNaçõesUnidasparaoDesenvolvimento(2013).
Clusters of extreme
poverty – less than
US$ 1 a day
Ceará - Census 2010
• Climate: semi-arid
• Total Pop. (inhab.): 8,452,381
• Rural Pop. (inhab.): 2,105,824
• HDI: 0.68 and Gini coeff.: 0.61
• Ceará has universal electricity access – grid extension. Programme Light for All
• One of the poorest Brazilian states with high levels of social inequalities.
• One of the biggest Brazilian potential for solar and wind energy.
The Brazilian state of Ceará
~ 40% of the rural
population is
considered poor –
less than US$ 2 a day

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Household
infrastructure
Electricity
supply
Means of
cooking
Use of
electricity
Ceará - a holistic view on energy supply for poverty reduction

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The use of small generators is incipient. Restriction of market and regulation
contribute to that.
 Ceará: Electricity mix (3.2 GW)
 Centralized power plants
Production (2014): 16 TWh
Consumption (2014): 11.6 TWh
 Brazil: Interconnected System (141 GW)
 Hydro-thermal power system
Production (2014): 590 TWh
Consumption (2014): 531 TWh
Electricity Supply
Source:BrazilianEnergyBalance2015Year2014

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Household
infrastructure
Electricity
supply
Use of
electricity
Means of
cooking
Ceará - a holistic view on energy supply for poverty reduction

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Challenges: to enhance rural families’ awareness of the use of electricity.
To improve essential services to consider and attend rural necessities.
Use of Electricity - basic needs
To which information source do rural
people have access?
Picture:InstitutoInteramericanodeCooperaçãoparaaAgricultura.
Benefits:
 Illumination and food refrigeration;
 Education;
 Health care;
 Information access, communication;
 Security – street illumination;
 Entertainment.
To which education do rural people
have access?

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The mater is not only to provide better technologies, but to consider further
dimensions in the process (e.g. education, transparency and governance).
Use of Electricity - productive chains
Picture:DaviFrançois.
Situation:
 Grid limitation (mono-phase and low
power grids);
 Some initiatives of associations and
cooperatives;
 Smallholder farmers have resisted to
participate in collective organizations;
 Smallholder farmers distrust of
governmental policies, programmes
and institutions.

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Household
infrastructure
Use of
electricity
Means of
cooking
Electricity
supply
Ceará - a holistic view on energy supply for poverty reduction

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Challenge: to provide better means of cooking while maintaining local tradition.
Potential: improved biomass stoves, kitchens well ventilated and agroecology.
Means of cooking
Picture:DaviFrançois.
Situation:
 Rural families have two types of
stoves, one based on biomass and
another on Liquefied Petroleum Gas;
 Traditional use of stoves based on
biomass;
 High indoor air pollution.

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Household
infrastructure
Means of
cooking
Use of
electricity
Electricity
supply
Ceará - a holistic view on energy supply for poverty reduction

13. 25.01.201613
 Rural people have access to electricity for basic needs… but there are
lack of water supply, basic sanitation, waste treatment...
Ceará – Household Infrastructure
Picture:ProgramaLuzparaTodos
Challenge: Modern energy should be accompanied by other basic services.
 Rural people have access to electricity for basic needs…

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Closing Remarks
 Rural electrification in Ceará was a good initiative towards poverty
reduction;
 Quality of energy to attend rural demands (e.g. production);
 To develop a trusting environment on collective, political and social
organizations;
 Education and capability building that consider the rural reality;
 Modern energy access should be accompanied by additional basic-
infrastructure and services;
 To involve the communities in the energy-supply process; understanding
local profiles and addressing local challenges and necessities.

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Acknowledgements
Thank you for your attention!
davi.francois@partner.kit.edu and witold-roger.poganietz@kit.edu
Questions and discussion.