Judaism is the oldest monotheistic religion in the world with over 3,000 years of history. Christianity and Islam also trace their roots back to Abraham. The pope had power over leaders and could excommunicate or deny salvation to those who disobeyed. Guilds were organizations of people in the same occupation such as bakers or glass makers. Charlemagne was a strong ruler who conquered a vast territory and encouraged Christianity and education. He was the first Holy Roman Emperor and is sometimes called the "Father of Europe".

3.  Withover 3,000 years of history, Judaism is
the oldest ______ religion in the world.

4.  Monotheistic

5. This system of writing was invented in Sumer
around 3000 BC. It uses wedge shaped
writing drawn on a clay tablet.

6. Cuneiform

7. All three religions, Judaism, Christianity
and Islam have roots back to
________. (person)

8. Abraham

10. Although kings or emperors were the highest
position in the land, popes actually had
power over leaders in certain cases. The
pope had the power to _______________
or banish from the Church and deny
salvation.

11. Excommunicate

12. Organizations of people in the same
occupation such as cloth makers,
bakers, or glass makers were
known as ______.

13. Guilds
We represent the
Lollipop Guild, the
Lollipop Guild!

14. ______ was a strong ruler who conquered a
vast territory. He encouraged Christianity
and education. He was also crowned the
first Holy Roman Emperor and is sometimes
referred to as the “Father of Europe”.

15. Charlemagne

17. After being excommunicated, King
John of England was forced to pay a
yearly fine to the Church. As a
result, he levied heavy taxes on his
people. The people rebelled and
forced King John to sign the
_________.

18. Magna Carta
-it stated the king was not all powerful and had to
obey the law

19. The _____ was a court held by the Church
used to suppress heretics.

20. Inquisition

21. The 3rd Crusade is significant because; even
though the Crusaders lost, King Richard the
Lionhearted negotiated with the Muslim
leader ______ to allow Christian pilgrims
access to Jerusalem.

22. Saladin

24. Established by Constantine and picked
for its strategic location, ____was the
capital of the Eastern Roman Empire
which would eventually be known as
the Byzantine Empire.

25. Constantinople

26. Perhaps the strongest Byzantine Emperor, ____
vowed to reconquer all lands that once
belonged to Rome. He also strengthened his
power by instituting a code of law in these
lands.

27. Justinian

28. Since the divide between the Eastern and
Western Roman empires, the Church
experienced disagreements in faith.
Although this divide cannot be attributed t0
one particular event, the official break came
in 1054. Known as the ______, there would
now be two major sects of Christianity,
Catholic and Orthodox Christian.

29. The Great Schism (split)
Sometimes called the East-West Schism

31. Mohammad believed the angel Gabriel came
to him in a dream and gave him a message
from God. This information makes up the holy
text of Islam, the _______.

32. Qur'an or Koran

33. Most Muslims are ______ (90%). They believe
that the inspiration of Muhammad came from
his early followers and were not divinely
inspired.

34. Sunni

35. All followers of Islam practice the ______ or
the individual duties required of a Muslim.
They are Faith, Prayer, Fasting, Alms and
Hajj (pilgrimage).

36. The Five Pillars of Islam