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Types of rocks
- 1. 8/4/2010
- 2. What is a rock? 8/4/2010
- 3. • Most rocks are made of minerals. • Rocks can be put into three basic rock types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. 8/4/2010
- 5. Three Types of Rocks Igneous Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Sedimentary Rocks 8/4/2010
- 7. Igneous Rocks • Fire Rocks • Formed underground by trapped, cooled magma • Formed above ground when volcanoes erupt and magma cools 8/4/2010
- 8. • The oldest type of all rocks is the igneous rock • Deep inside the earth, the temperature is very high and the minerals there are in liquid form called magma. As the magma pushes towards the earth's surface, it starts to cool and turns into solid igneous rock. 8/4/2010
- 9. Types of Igneous Rocks Granite Scoria Pumice Obsidian 8/4/2010
- 10. 8/4/2010
- 11. Sedimentary Rocks • Wind and water break down the earth • Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers • Layers are formed and build up • Pressure and time turn the layers to rock 8/4/2010
- 12. • Erosion means that rocks are broken up into smaller pieces by wind, water, and ice. These small pieces of rock turn into pebbles, gravel, sand, and clay. • These pieces settle in a new place and begin to pile up and the sediments form flat layers. Over a long period of time, the pieces become pressed together and form solid rock called sedimentary rock. 8/4/2010
- 13. Types of Sedimentary Rocks Sandstone Limestone Gypsum Conglomerate Shale 8/4/2010
- 14. 8/4/2010
- 15. Metamorphic Rocks • Rocks that have changed • They were once igneous or sedimentary • Pressure and heat changed the rocks 8/4/2010
- 16. Metamorphic rocks form deep in the earth where high temperature, great pressure, and chemical reactions cause one type of rock to change into another type of rock over time. 8/4/2010
- 17. Types of Metamorphic Rocks Schist Gneiss 8/4/2010
- 18. Famous Rocks Scavenger Hunt Let the Hunt Begin! How many of these rocks do you know? 8/4/2010
- 19. Mount Rushmore The faces of four great American presidents are carved in this granite mountain in South Dakota? 8/4/2010
- 20. Independence Rock This was an important landmark for the pioneers traveling out west. Many of the travelers carved or painted their names on this rock. 8/4/2010
- 21. Mount Saint Helen There are about 500 active volcanoes in the world today. The most famous volcano in the United States is? (hint: it is in the state of Washington) 8/4/2010
- 22. Grand Canyon You can see many layers of colorful sedimentary rock in this canyon in Arizona. A long time ago, it was under water. 8/4/2010
- 23. Hope Diamond This famous diamond is the largest stone found of this type. 8/4/2010
- 24. Stone Mountain The world's largest mass of exposed granite is located in Georgia. This mass is sometimes called “The Eighth Wonder of the World". 8/4/2010
- 25. Garden of the Gods This famous rock formation is a region of huge red and white sandstone rock masses that rise in strange shapes. This rock formation is located near Colorado Springs, Colorado. 8/4/2010
- 26. Rocks are Different Sizes 8/4/2010
- 27. Uses of Rock and Minerals The Importance of Rocks and Minerals Name Type of Rock Use Used in road building Basalt Igneous materials Calcite Mineral Used in cements and mortars and the production of lime Granite Igneous Used for buildings, monuments, and tombstones Marble Metamorphic Used in building, floors, tile in bathrooms Obsidian Igneous Used in making arrowheads and knives Pumice Igneous Used in scouring, scrubbing, and polishing materials Quartz Mineral Used in making glass, electrical components, and optical lenses Used in the building Sandstone Sedimentary industry for houses Slate 8/4/2010 Metamorphic Used for roofs, chalkboards, and patio walks
- 28. SEDIMENTARY rock Has been formed in layers Often found near water sources With fossils from decayers Then there's IGNEOUS rock Here since Earth was born Molten Lava, cooled and hardened That's how it is formed These two types of rocks Can also be transformed With pressure, heat and chemicals 8/4/2010 METAMORPHIC they'll become.
- 29. • Rocks is a natural material called minerals. • Some types of rock, such as granite, are very hard. • Some types of rock, such as chalk, are very soft. • Rocks come in many different colors. • Rocks have different patterns in them. • Rock does not burn when it is heated. • Rock does not let electricity flow through it. • Rock is not attracted by magnets. 8/4/2010
- 30. Credits • http://library.thinkquest.org/J002289/ • http://www.unitedsteaming.com Rocks: The Solid Earth Materials #1 (clips) Magic School Bus Rocks and Rolls 8/4/2010