This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It describes two main types - mechanical obstruction caused by physical blockage, and paralytic ileus caused by loss of intestinal motility. Common symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and distension. Diagnosis involves abdominal x-rays to detect gas patterns and fluid levels. Treatment focuses on fluid resuscitation, decompression with NG tubes, and timely surgery to relieve blockages and prevent complications like strangulation.

1. Intestinal obstruction

2. Intestinal obstruction Mechanical obstruction Paralytic Ileus

5. Intestinal obstruction Pattern in Africa 70 % of the patients were below the age of 15 years 80% with gangrenous bowel segments

11. Paralytic Ileus Mechanical obstruction

13. Strangulation Obstruction Simple Mechanical obstruction Surgical timing

18. Intestinal obstruction - Level HIGH LOW PAIN Crampy pain in paroxism Less intensity VOMITING Early, profuse, biliary Late, feculent may be absent METEORISM + +++ BEGINNING Acute Slow, insidious ABDOMINAL DISTENTION Moderate, upper quadrant Early, intense GENERAL CONDIT Early compromission preserved ELECTOLYTES Cl, K, Na rapid loss Late hydro electrolytic imbalance

25. Intestinal obstruction Gas in the small bowel outlines the valvulae conniventes, which usually occupy the entire trasverse diameter of the bowel image Radiological examination Small bowel

26. Intestinal obstruction Colonic haustral marking occupy only a portion of the transverse diameter of the bowel Radiological examination large bowel

27. Intestinal obstruction Radiological examination Typical the small bowel pattern occupies the more central portion of the abdomen, the colon shadow is on the periphery of the abdominal film or in the pelvis

28. Intestinal obstruction Radiological examination During paralytic ileus gaseous distention occurs somewhat uniformly in the stomach, small intestine and colon

31. Proximal obstruction Distal obstruction