1. Climate Change
&
Disaster Risk Reduction
Disaster Risk Reduction
A Call from HFA 2005‐2016
A Call from HFA 2005‐
Shyam Jnavaly@actionaid.org
April 15, 2010
April 15 2010

2. Climate Change
Climate Change
“directly or indirectly to human activity
d ect y o d ect y to u a act ty
that alters the composition of the global
atmosphere and which is in addition to
natural climate variability observed over
l li i bili b d
comparable time periods”
…. a change in the state of the climate th t
change in the state of the climate that
h i th t t f th li t
can be identified ... by changes in the
mean and / or the variability of its
mean and / or the variability of its
properties, and that persists for an
extended period, typically decades or
longer ….

3. Climate Change Adaptation
Climate Change Adaptation
The adjustment in natural or human systems
in response to actual or expected climatic
stimuli or their effects which moderates harm
effects,
or exploits beneficial opportunities.
The broader concept of adaptation also applies to non‐
climatic factors such as soil erosion or surface subsidence.
Adaptation can occur in autonomous fashion, for example
Ad t ti i t f hi f l
through market changes, or as a result of intentional
adaptation policies and plans. Many disaster risk reduction
measures can directly contribute to better adaptation

4. Disaster Risk Reduction
Disaster Risk Reduction
“action taken to reduce the risk of
action taken to reduce the risk of
disasters and the adverse impacts of
natural hazards, through systematic
natural hazards through systematic
efforts to analyze and manage the causes
of disasters, including through avoidance
of disasters incl ding thro gh a oidance
of hazards
hazards, reduced social and economic
vulnerability to hazards, and improved
l bili h d di d
preparedness for adverse events”.

5. Disaster Risk Reduction
Disaster Risk Reduction
The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks
through systematic efforts to analyze and manage
the causal factors of disasters, including through
reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability
of people and property, wise management of land
and th environment, and i
d the i t d improved preparedness
d d
for adverse events.
The substantial reduction of disaster losses, in lives and the social,
The substantial reduction of disaster losses in lives and the social
economic and environmental assets of communities and countries.
“disaster reduction” is sometimes used, the term “disaster risk
reduction provides a better recognition of the ongoing nature of
reduction” provides a better recognition of the ongoing nature of
disaster risks and the ongoing potential to reduce these risks

6. Climate change and disaster risk reduction
Climate change and disaster risk reduction
Climate change and disaster risk reduction
are closely linked.
More extreme weather events in future are
More extreme weather events in future are
likely to increase the number and scale of
likely to increase the number and scale of
disasters, while at the same time,
disasters, while at the same time,
the existing methods and tools of disaster
the existing methods and tools of disaster
risk reduction provide powerful capacities
f
for adaptation to climate change.
d t ti t li t h

7. HFA
The Hyogo Framework for Action
provides the foundation for the
implementation of disaster risk
reduction. Agreed at the World
Conference on Disaster Reduction in
January 2005 i K b J
J 2005, in Kobe, Japan, with
ith
the support of 168 Governments.

8. Adaptation through disaster risk reduction and
the role of the Hyogo Framework
th l f th H F k
• “the substantial reduction of losses, in lives
the substantial reduction of losses, in lives
and in the social, economic and environmental
assets of communities and countries”.
• “promote the integration of risk reduction
promote the integration of risk reduction
associated with existing climate variability and
future climate change into strategies for the
reduction of disaster risk and adaptation to
climate change...”

9. 1: Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national
and local priority with a strong institutional basis for
and local priority with a strong institutional basis for
implementation.
This need is critical to both adaptation and risk reduction:
encouraging a core ministry with a broad mandate including
finance, economics or planning, to be responsible for
mainstreaming climate change adaptation policies and activities;
organizing a national hi h l l policy di l
ii ti l high‐level li dialogue t prepare a
to
national adaptation strategy that links with disaster risk reduction
strategies;
formalizing collaboration and th coordination of climate‐related
f li i ll b ti d the di ti f li t l t d
risk reduction activities through a multi‐sector mechanism such as a
national platform for disaster risk reduction; and
developing mechanisms to actively engage women communities
women,
and local governments in the assessment of vulnerability and
impacts and the formulation of local adaptation activities

10. 2: Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and
enhance early warning.
h l i
Important steps under this priority include:
Developing and disseminating high quality information about
climate hazards and their likely future changes;
Conducting assessments of vulnerability and specially vulnerable
Conducting assessments of vulnerability and specially vulnerable
groups;
Preparing briefings for policymakers and sector leaders;
Reviewing the effectiveness of early warning systems;
implementing procedures to ensure warnings reach vulnerable
g p;
groups; and
Undertaking public information programmes to help people
understand the risks they face and how to respond to warnings.

11. 3: Use knowledge, innovation and education to build
a culture of safety and resilience at all levels.
lt f f t d ili t ll l l
This principle applies equally to adaptation and disaster risk
reduction. Specific steps should include
d ti S ifi t h ld i l d
Collating and disseminating good practices;
Undertaking public information programmes on local and personal
actions that contribute to safety and resilience;
actions that contribute to safety and resilience;
Publicizing community successes;
Training the media on climate related issues;
Developing education curricula on climate adaptation and risk
D l i d ti i l li t d t ti d ik
reduction;
Supporting research programmes on resilience; and
Improving mechanisms for knowledge transfer from science to
Improving mechanisms for knowledge transfer from science to
application for risk management in climate‐sensitive sectors.

12. 4: Reduce the underlying risk factors
y g f
• This covers the many environmental and societal factors that create or
exacerbate the risks from natural hazards. Measures can include:
exacerbate the risks from natural hazards Measures can include
• Incorporating climate risk‐related considerations in development
planning processes and macro‐economic projections;
• q g yp g,
Requiring the use of climate risk‐related information in city planning,
land‐use planning, water management, and environmental and natural
resource management;
• Strengthening and maintaining protective works such as coastal wave
barriers, river levees, flood ways and flood ponds;
barriers river levees flood ways and flood ponds;
• Requiring routine assessment and reporting of climate risks in
infrastructure projects, building designs, and other engineering practices;
• Developing risk transfer mechanisms and social safety nets;
• Supporting programmes for diversification of livelihoods; and
• Instituting adaptation activities in plans for recovery from specific
disasters.

13. 5: Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective
response at all levels.
t ll l l
Resilience building and early warning systems contribute to
Resilience building and early warning systems contribute to
this priority. Other specific actions can include :
Revising preparedness plans and contingency plans to
account for the projected changes in existing hazards and
new hazards not experienced before;
Building evacuation mechanisms and shelter facilities; and
Building evacuation mechanisms and shelter facilities; and
Developing specific preparedness plans for areas where
settlements and livelihoods are under threat of permanent
change.

14. How to integrated DRR & CCA
How to integrated DRR & CCA
1. Map the institutions, policies and mechanisms already in place for
reducing disaster risk and dealing with climate change adaptation.
2. Take stock of the available information on hazards, exposure,
vulnerabilities and risk assessments.
3. Convene multi‐stakeholder discussions to review information and
identify opportunities to harmonies policy and address capacity gaps
4. Initiate capacity development activities to build or strengthen coherent
p y p g
approaches to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction
5. Design joint project initiatives that address both climate change
adaptation and disaster risk reduction.
p
6. Conduct adaptation planning with a multi‐sectoral, development‐based
approach and centralized oversight responsibility

15. Key Messages 1
Key Messages 1
Measures to reduce vulnerability and disaster
Measures to reduce vulnerability and disaster
risk are proven and are already being applied
to adaptation:
to adaptation:
Tools, capacities and supporting mechanisms
for disaster risk reduction have been tested
for disaster risk reduction have been tested
around the world and are available for wider
use in climate change adaptation.
use in climate change adaptation

16. Key Messages 2
Key Messages 2
Disaster risk reduction offers a triple win:
Disaster risk reduction offers a triple win:
Implementing disaster risk reduction policies
and programmes can limit the impacts of
and programmes can limit the impacts of
climate‐related hazards,
directly support adaptation to climate change,
directly support adaptation to climate change
and
help alleviate poverty.
h l ll i

17. Key Messages 3
Key Messages 3
Reducing disaster risk requires and provides
Reducing disaster risk requires ‐ and provides
opportunities for ‐ political leadership:
Political commitment at the highest level is
Political commitment at the highest level is
essential to drive action across all sectors and
to build institutional linkages between
to build institutional linkages between
climate change adaptation and disaster risk
reduction fields.
reduction fields

18. Key Messages 4
Key Messages 4
Multi stakeholder participation is a key to
Multi‐stakeholder participation is a key to
durable results: Disasters and climate change
affect all of society, and therefore disaster risk
affect all of society and therefore disaster risk
reduction and adaptation solutions must
involve all sectors and civil society, including
involve all sectors and civil society including
the private sector, and community
engagement.
engagement

19. Thank you
Thank you
for your attention !!
for your attention !!