Ap Power Point Chpt3

Chapter 3: Program Statements Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science by John Lewis, William Loftus, and Cara Cocking Java Software Solutions is published by Addison-Wesley Presentation slides are copyright 2002 by John Lewis, William Loftus, and Cara Cocking. All rights reserved. Instructors using the textbook may use and modify these slides for pedagogical purposes. *AP is a registered trademark of The College Entrance Examination Board which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.

Program Statements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Program Development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Requirements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Implementation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Testing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Flow of Control ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conditional Statements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The if Statement ,[object Object],if ( condition ) statement ; if is a Java reserved word The condition must be a boolean expression. It must evaluate to either true or false. If the condition is true, the statement is executed. If it is false, the statement is skipped.

The if Statement ,[object Object],if (sum > MAX) delta = sum - MAX; System.out.println ("The sum is " + sum); First, the condition is evaluated. The value of sum is either greater than the value of MAX , or it is not. If the condition is true, the assignment statement is executed. If it is not, the assignment statement is skipped. Either way, the call to println is executed next. ,[object Object]

Logic of an if statement condition evaluated false statement true

Boolean Expressions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The if-else Statement ,[object Object],if ( condition ) statement1 ; else statement2 ; ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Logic of an if-else statement condition evaluated statement1 true false statement2

Block Statements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Nested if Statements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Logical Operators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Logical NOT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],true false false true !a a

Logical AND and Logical OR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Truth Tables ,[object Object],[object Object],false false false false true false true false true false false true true true true true a || b a && b b a

Logical Operators ,[object Object],if (total < MAX+5 && !found) System.out.println ("Processing…"); ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Short Circuited Operators ,[object Object],[object Object],if (count != 0 && total/count > MAX) System.out.println ("Testing…"); ,[object Object]

Truth Tables ,[object Object],false false true true true true false true false false true false false true false false total < MAX && !found !found found total < MAX

Comparing Characters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],if ('+' < 'J') System.out.println ("+ is less than J"); ,[object Object]

Comparing Strings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lexicographic Ordering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Comparing Float Values ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],if (Math.abs(f1 - f2) < 0.00001) System.out.println ("Essentially equal.");

More Operators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Increment and Decrement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Assignment Operators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Assignment Operators ,[object Object],Operator += -= *= /= %= Example x += y x -= y x *= y x /= y x %= y Equivalent To x = x + y x = x - y x = x * y x = x / y x = x % y

Assignment Operators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Repetition Statements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The while Statement ,[object Object],while ( condition ) statement ; The statement is executed repeatedly until the condition becomes false. while is a reserved word If the condition is true, the statement is executed. Then the condition is evaluated again.

Logic of a while Loop statement true condition evaluated false

The while Statement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Infinite Loops ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Nested Loops ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The StringTokenizer Class ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The for Statement ,[object Object],for ( initialization ; condition ; increment ) statement ; Reserved word The initialization is executed once before the loop begins The statement is executed until the condition becomes false The increment portion is executed at the end of each iteration The condition - statement - increment cycle is executed repeatedly

The for Statement ,[object Object],initialization ; while ( condition ) { statement ; increment ; }

Logic of a for loop statement true condition evaluated false increment initialization

The for Statement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The for Statement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Choosing a Loop Structure ,[object Object],[object Object]

Program Development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Program Development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Program Development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

More Drawing Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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