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Ecosystems
Population dynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],population time
Population dynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],population time
 
 
Population dynamics ,[object Object],[object Object]
Population dynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],Introduced Reindeer pop. On St. Matthew Island
Population dynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental Resistance ,[object Object]
Environmental Resistance ,[object Object],Ecosystems make population growth curves complicated, as species #’s depend on each other
Ecosystems make population growth curves complicated, as species #’s depend on each other
 
Ecosystem change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Adaptation and Speciation
 
 
Mass Extinctions  Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
Mass Extinctions: 5  Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
Mass Extinctions: 5  Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
Mass Extinctions: 5  Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
Mass Extinctions: 5  Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
Arrival of  Homo Sapiens  is bad for the locals:
North American Extinctions
Australian Extinctions
6 th  Extinction? “ The current extinction rate is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.”  (International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)
6 th  Extinction? “ The current extinction rate is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.”  (International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)   Wikipedia
6 th  Extinction? “ The current extinction rate is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.”  (International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)   Not a number from science: We don’t really know
6 th  Extinction? Mammals, have an average species "lifespan" from origination to extinction of about 1 million years.  !
6 th  Extinction? Mammals, have an average species "lifespan" from origination to extinction of about 1 million years.  So: 5,000 mammal species extant: in the last 400 years, predict ~2 extinctions. !
6 th  Extinction? Mammals, have an average species "lifespan" from origination to extinction of about 1 million years.  So: 5,000 mammal species extant: in the last 400 years, predict ~2 extinctions. Actually had 89; ~50 times background. !
Habitat loss: forests http://www.the-environmentalist.org/2008/10/cost-of-forest-loss-exceeds-current.html
Habitat loss: forests
Current World forests NASA  http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/forest-height-map.html
Forest loss: are things improving? Millions of hectares change per year Losses slowing, some reforestation
Amazon Forest
Amazon Forests ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
US forests http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?id=16603 NASA
Forest loss:  the damage has already been done From William B. Greeley's, The Relation of Geography to Timber Supply, Economic Geography, 1925
Conclusions 1 of 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions 2 of 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Ecology 1

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.  
  • 5.  
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. Ecosystems make population growth curves complicated, as species #’s depend on each other
  • 12.  
  • 13.
  • 14.  
  • 16.  
  • 17.  
  • 18. Mass Extinctions Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
  • 19. Mass Extinctions: 5 Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
  • 20. Mass Extinctions: 5 Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
  • 21. Mass Extinctions: 5 Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
  • 22. Mass Extinctions: 5 Vertical axis - percentage extinction of genera, horizontal axis - millions of years ago; from Wikipedia
  • 23. Arrival of Homo Sapiens is bad for the locals:
  • 26. 6 th Extinction? “ The current extinction rate is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.” (International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)
  • 27. 6 th Extinction? “ The current extinction rate is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.” (International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN) Wikipedia
  • 28. 6 th Extinction? “ The current extinction rate is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.” (International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN) Not a number from science: We don’t really know
  • 29. 6 th Extinction? Mammals, have an average species "lifespan" from origination to extinction of about 1 million years. !
  • 30. 6 th Extinction? Mammals, have an average species "lifespan" from origination to extinction of about 1 million years. So: 5,000 mammal species extant: in the last 400 years, predict ~2 extinctions. !
  • 31. 6 th Extinction? Mammals, have an average species "lifespan" from origination to extinction of about 1 million years. So: 5,000 mammal species extant: in the last 400 years, predict ~2 extinctions. Actually had 89; ~50 times background. !
  • 32. Habitat loss: forests http://www.the-environmentalist.org/2008/10/cost-of-forest-loss-exceeds-current.html
  • 34. Current World forests NASA http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/forest-height-map.html
  • 35. Forest loss: are things improving? Millions of hectares change per year Losses slowing, some reforestation
  • 37.
  • 39. Forest loss: the damage has already been done From William B. Greeley's, The Relation of Geography to Timber Supply, Economic Geography, 1925
  • 40.
  • 41.