amblyopia, lazy eye

1. D N Y A N E S H W A R B H A G W A N P O T F O D E
Amblyopia (lazy eye)

2. Defination
Partial or total loss of vision in
one or both eye, in the absence
of any organic disease of
ocular media, retina and
visual pathway.

3.  Amblyopia is a vision development
disorder in which an eye fails to achieve
normal visual acuity, even with
prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses.
 Amblyopia begins during infancy and early
childhood. In most cases, only one eye is
affected. But in some cases, reduced visual
acuity can occur in both eyes.

4. Type of amblyopia
Strabismus amblyopia
Stimulus deprivation amblyopia
Anisometropic amblyopia
Isoametropia amblyopia
Meridional amblyopia

5. Strabismus amblyopia
 Prolong uniocular suppresion in
children with unilateral costant squint
who fixate with normal eye.

6. Stimulus deprivation amblyopia
 Develops when one eye is totally excludede from
seeing early in life.
 Congenital and traumatic cataract
 Complete ptosis
 Dense central corneal opacity

7. Stimulus deprivation amblyopia

8. Anisometropic amblyopia
 Occur in higher degree of refractive error than the
fellow eye.
 It is more common in aniso-hypermetropic than the
anoso-mypic children.

9. Iso-ametropic amblyopia
 It is bilateral amblyopia occurring in children with
bilateral uncorrected high refractive error.

10. Meridionial amblyopia
 Its occur in children with uncorrected astigmatic
refractive error.
 It is selective amblyopia for specific visual meridian.

11. Risk factor
Factors associated with an increased risk of lazy eye
include:
 Premature birth
 Small size at birth
 Family history of lazy eye
 Developmental disabilities

12. Clinical characteristics
 1) visual acuity
 2) Effect of neutral density filter
 3) Crowding phenomenon
 4) fixation pattern

13. Sign and symptomes
 An eye that wanders inward or outward
 Eyes that appear to not work together
 Poor depth perception
 Squinting or shutting an eye
 Head tilting
 Abnormal results of vision screening tests

14. Treatment of amblyopia
 Treatment of amblyopia started as early as possible
 Yonger the child better prognosis
 Occlusion therapy
 Remove Opacity in the media
 Correct Refractive error

15. Occlusion therapy
 Occlusion of affected eye to force use of

18. Remove opacity in the media
 Corneal opacity
 Cataract
 Vitreous opacity

19. Correct refractive error
 Refractive error if any should be fully corrected.

20. Complication
 Untreated, lazy eye can cause permanent vision loss

21. Toxic amblyopia
 Tobacco
 Ethyl alcohol amblyopia
 Methyl alcohol amblyopia
 Quinine amblyopia
 Ethambutol amblyopia

22. Thank you