Live On Stage

Live on
Stage
Dominik Jungowski - May 14, 2010

Live on Stage - Dominik Jungowski

Agenda

2


Agenda
‣ What is Staging?

2


Agenda

‣ Reasons for Staging

2


Agenda


‣ Implementation

2


Agenda


‣ Implementation

‣ Adding a staging layer

2


Agenda


‣ Implementation

‣ Adding a staging layer

‣ Problems and Solutions
2


About me

3


About me
‣ 25 years old

3


About me
‣ 25 years old
‣ Employed at CHIP Xonio Online GmbH

3


About me
‣ 25 years old
➡ www.chip.de

3


About me
‣ 25 years old
➡ www.chip.de

➡ download.chip.eu

3


About me
‣ 25 years old
➡ www.chip.de


‣ ScrumMaster and Developer at price
comparison

3


About me
‣ 25 years old
➡ www.chip.de


‣ ScrumMaster and Developer at price
comparison
‣ Part - time studies in Psychology at distance
university FernUni Hagen

3


What is
staging?


What is Staging?
Usual Database Design:

5


What is Staging?

Databa

5


What is Staging?

Databa

Website

5


What is Staging?

Databa

Website Admin

5


What is Staging?
Staging Database Design:

6


What is Staging?

Databa

6


What is Staging?

Databa

Website

6


What is Staging?

Databa Databa

Website

6


What is Staging?

Databa Databa

Website Admin

6


What is Staging?

Databa Sync Databa

Website Admin

6


Reasons for
staging


Reasons for Staging

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Security

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Security
➡ no sensitive data on live system

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Security

➡ only the essential data is synced

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Security


‣ Quality

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Security


‣ Quality
➡ no changes directly on live system

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Security


‣ Quality
➡ no changes directly on live system

➡ more time to prevent corruption/errors on live
system (user errors, broken imports, etc.)

8


Reasons for Staging
‣ Performance

9


Reasons for Staging
‣ Performance
➡ Normalized data on staging database

9


Reasons for Staging
‣ Performance

➡ Performance optimized / ﬂat data on live database

9


Reasons for Staging
‣ Performance

➡ Performance optimized / ﬂat data on live database

➡ no constraints on live system possible

9


Implementat
ion


Implementation

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced
➡ some kind of status ﬂag in staging db is needed

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

‣ Status needed for

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

➡ Changed data

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

➡ Changed data

➡ Unchanged data

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

➡ Changed data

➡ Unchanged data

➡ Deleted data on staging, but not on live system

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

➡ Changed data

➡ Unchanged data


‣ Maybe useful

11


Implementation
‣ Data is synced

➡ Changed data

➡ Unchanged data


‣ Maybe useful
➡ Deleted on live system

11


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Import

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata

Import

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed
[1]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata

Import

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed
[1]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata
Sync

Import

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed
[1]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata
Sync

Import

No
change
[0]

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed
[1]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata
Sync

Import
rem
ov
ed
da
ta

No
change
[0]

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed
[1]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata
Sync

Import
rem
ov
ed
da
ta

No Changed
change Deleted
[0] [3]

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed
[1]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata
Sync

Sync
Import
rem
ov
ed
da
ta

No Changed
change Deleted
[0] [3]

12


Implementation
The Status - Cycle

Changed Deleted
[1] [2]
ne
w or
ch
an
ge
dd
ata
Sync

Sync
Import
rem
ov
ed
da
ta

No Changed
change Deleted
[0] [3]

12


Implementation

Why 0, 1, 2,
3?


Implementation

Why 0, 1, 2,
3?
Let‘s take a look at the binary
numbers!


Implementation

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
=

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1]

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] =

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2]

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2] =

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2] = 0010

14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2] = 0010
Changed
Deleted
[3]
14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2] = 0010
Changed
Deleted
[3]
=
14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2] = 0010
Changed
Deleted
[3]
= 0011
14


Implementation
No
change
[0]
= 0000

Changed
[1] = 0001

Deleted
[2] = 0010
Changed
Deleted
[3]
= 0011
= 0001 | 0010
14


Implementation
Using the binary ﬂags in PHP
class phpDay_Sync
{
/**
* Status for changed data
* Binary: 0001
*/
const STATUS_CHANGED = 1;

/**
* Status for removed data
* Binary: 0010
*/
const STATUS_DELETED = 2;

...
}
15


Implementation

16


Implementation
// Speaker status has changed

16


Implementation
$speaker[‘status‘] = phpDay_Sync::STATUS_CHANGED;

16


Implementation

// Speaker has been synced to live system

16


Implementation

$speaker[‘status‘] =

16


Implementation

(phpDay_Sync::STATUS_CHANGED &
phpDay_Sync::STATUS_DELETED);

16


Implementation


//... or easier :-)

16


Implementation


//... or easier :-)
$speaker[‘status‘] = 0;

16


Implementation

17


Implementation
// Speaker didn‘t show up in import ﬁle

17


Implementation
// 0001 | 0010 = 0011

17


Implementation
// 0001 | 0010 = 0011
(phpDay_Sync::STATUS_CHANGED |

17


Implementation
// 0001 | 0010 = 0011

// Speaker has been deleted on live system

17


Implementation
// 0001 | 0010 = 0011

// Speaker has been deleted on live system
$speaker[‘status‘] = phpDay_Sync::STATUS_DELETED;

17


Binary AND
& 0 1 2 3

0 0 0 0

1 0 0 1

2 0 0 2

3 0 1 2
18


Binary AND
& 0 1 2 3
0000 0000 0000
0 & 0001 & 0010 & 0011
= 0000 = 0000 = 0000
0001 0001 0001
1 & 0000 & 0010 & 0011
= 0000 = 0000 = 0001
0010 0010 0010
2 & 0000 & 0001 & 0011
= 0000 = 0000 = 0010
0011 0011 0010
3 & 0000 & 0001 & 0011
= 0000 = 0001 = 0010
19


Binary OR
| 0 1 2 3

0 1 2 3

1 1 3 3

2 2 3 3

3 3 3 3
20


Binary OR
| 0 1 2 3
0000 0000 0000
0 | 0001 | 0010 | 0011
= 0001 = 0010 = 0011
0001 0001 0001
1 | 0000 | 0010 | 0011
= 0001 = 0011 = 0011
0010 0001 0010
2 | 0000 | 0010 | 0011
= 0010 = 0011 = 0011
0011 0011 0011
3 | 0000 | 0001 | 0010
= 0010 = 0011 = 0011
21


Deleting on live
system
Status 3 Status 2


Implementation
& 0 1 2 3

0 0 0 0

1 0 0 1

2 0 0 2

3 0 1 2
23


Implementation
... in PHP

24


Implementation
... in PHP
// We‘ve synced the deleted speaker, status 3 => status 2

24


Implementation
... in PHP
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010

24


Implementation
... in PHP
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010
($speaker[‘status‘] & phpDay_Sync::STATUS_DELETED);

24


Implementation
... in PHP
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010

// or if you know you will never use more than those 4 status ﬂags:

24


Implementation
... in PHP
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010

// or if you know you will never use more than those 4 status ﬂags:
$speaker[‘status‘] = phpDay_Sync::STATUS_CHANGEDELETED;

24


Implementation
... in MySQL

25


Implementation
... in MySQL
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010
$sql =
‘UPDATE speaker SET status = status & ‘ .
phpDay_Sync::STATUS_DELETED;

25


Implementation
... in MySQL
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010
$sql =
‣ But: Rather slow in MySQL

25


Implementation
... in MySQL
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010
$sql =
‣ But: Rather slow in MySQL
// 0011 & 0010 = 0010
$status = $speaker->getStatus();
$sql =
‘UPDATE speaker SET status = ‘ . ($status &

25


Adding a staging
layer
Things to consider


Adding a staging layer

27


‣ Distribution of cronjobs: 1 server ➝ 2 servers

27


➡ Data you need on live system

27



➡ Data you need on staging system

27




➡ Data you need on both systems

27





‣ Write down all the cronjobs

27





‣ Write down all the cronjobs
‣ Decide where you need them

27


‣ Switching live system

28



Database
server

28



Old database
Database
server

28



Old database
Database
server
New (synced)
database

28



Old database
Database
Website server
New (synced)
database

28


Problems &
Solutions

29


Problems & Solutions
‣ Problem: Data integrity

30



Status
ﬂag

30



Read for
Sync

Status
ﬂag

30



Read for
Sync
St
at
us
:1

Status
ﬂag

30



Read for User
Sync
St
at
us
:1

Status
ﬂag

30



Read for User
Sync

Status: 1
St
at
us
:1

Status
ﬂag

30



Read for Sync
User
Sync ﬁnished

Status: 1
St
at
us
:1

Status
ﬂag

30



Read for Sync
User
Sync ﬁnished

0
Status: 1
St

s:
at

u
at
us

St
:1

Status
ﬂag

30



31


‣ Solution: Table locking

31


mysql> LOCK TABLES speaker WRITE;

31



‣ Problem: Whole table is locked for reading and
writing

31



writing
mysql> SELECT * FROM speaker WHERE status = 1 FOR UPDATE;

31



writing

‣ Only locks the selected rows

31



writing

‣ Only locks the selected rows
‣ Reading other data from table is still possible

31


Contact me
‣ Weblog: www.phpdevblog.net

‣ Twitter: www.twitter.com/djungowski

‣ Xing: http://www.xing.com/proﬁle/
Dominik_Jungowski

32


Questions?

33


Thank you!

34


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