Presentation at the 2014 FARO 3D Documentation Conference by Direct Dimensions called "3D Scanning for 3D Printing, Making Reality Digital, and then Physical Again, Part 2"

1. 3D Scanning for 3D Printing:
Making Reality Digital, and then Physical Again, Part 2
Michael Raphael
Founder and CEO
Direct Dimensions, Inc.
© Copyright 2014 FARO The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

2. Biography – Michael Raphael
Education
• B.S. in Engineering Science & Mechanics (VT)
• Masters in Engineering Administration (GWU)
Career
• Liaison Engineer at Martin Marietta (Lockheed Martin)
• Roles in engineering and quality departments
• Created Advanced Quality Technologies group to resolve
engineering and manufacturing problems
• Co-developed the electrogoniometer (FaroArm!) in 1989
Direct Dimensions
• Founded DDI in 1995 as ’one-stop 3D scanning shop’
Professional Life
• Author for LiDAR News – numerous articles on scanning
• Contributor to Wohler’s Report – the 3D Scanning section
• Active with many 3D conferences: SPAR, CMSC, RAPID, etc.

5. Overview of Direct Dimensions, Inc.
Offers a wide range of services & tools for the 3D scanning and printing worlds
Rapid Solutions to 3D Problems:
• 20-year experts in coordinate metrology for reverse engineering & inspection
• 1000’s of 3D laser scanning and point cloud processing projects
• 3D CAD & BIM modeling, and visualization/animation
• Processing of 3D data for reproductions and 3D printing
• Product sales and application support and training
• Specialized 3D applications and process development
• Creators of ShapeShot 3D Photo Booth

6. Overview of Direct Dimensions, Inc.
Offers a wide range of services & tools for the 3D scanning and printing worlds
History and experience:
• Participated in the development of the Faro Arm PCMM
• Founded Direct Dimensions in 1995 to provide 3D solutions to the aerospace industry
• Maintains a comprehensive arsenal of 3D scanners, measurement tools, and software
• Completed thousands of project across various industries and applications served
• Today, 25+ employees with vast professional expertise and real-world 3D experience

7. Overview of Direct Dimensions, Inc.
Offers a wide range of services & tools for the 3D scanning and printing worlds
Key industries served:
• Most Industrial Applications
• Military & Defense
• Buildings & Facilities (AEC/BIM)
• Art, Sculpture, Museum
• Historic Preservation
• Entertainment and TV/Movie VFX
• Digital Fabrication & 3D Printing
• Model Preparation for 3D Printing

8. 3D PRINTING & SCANNING Gartner's Hype Cycle

9. 3D PRINTING & SCANNING Gartner's Hype Cycle

10. 3D Scanning vs. 3D Printing
Both over 20 years old, actually 30 years old
• largely industrial with recent consumer interest
• Was $100K+ equipment cost with now sub-$1K
Range of objects
• physical world has huge size & complexity variation
Massive change over last 3 years
• “desktop” and personal 3D scanning
• 123D Catch and Xbox Kinect
Future – what’s next?
• who needs 3D scanning and why?
• what will be the ‘killer apps’?

11. Traditional 3D Printing & Additive Manufacturing
• Visual aids for engineers,
designers, sales, medical, etc.
• Presentation models, such as
architectural or prototypes
• Prototypes for assembly fit checks
• Patterns for tooling and castings
• Guides for surgery procedures
• Functional short run production
• Education and research
• Other

12. Main 3D Printing Processes and Materials
PROCESS SYSTEMS MATERIALS
Material Extrusion - FDM
Stratasys Dimensions, uPrint
MakerBot Replicator
ABS
PLA
Material Jetting – jetting
drops of material (like inkjet)
Vat photo-polymerization
(light cured)
Objet Connex
Stratasys Polyjet
Multiple plastics or resins
various color and
transparancies
Binder Jetting – glue binds
layered materials
Z Printer
Projet x60 Series
Projet 4500
Composite powders
Plastics
Full color
Sheet Lamination MCOR
Colors, cuts and glues sheets
of paper
Selective Laser Sintering
(SLS)
EOS
3D Systems ProX and sPro
Selectively fusing powder
materials – Nylon,
polystyrene, metals

13. What else is being 3D printed?

14. Projecting the future for 3D printing
Market Research and Analysis - Source: Pete Basiliere, Research Director at Gartner
3D printing remains a emerging market, despite high levels of hype:
Growing demand for easy-to-use tools and materials
Prices to drop with competitive pressures and higher unit sales
Advances in 3D printers scanners, design tools, and
materials will reduce the cost and complexity of creating 3D
printed item
Businesses are only now beginning to fully comprehend ways
in which a 3DP can be cost-effectively used in their
organizations
Makers and hobbyists will contribute to some form of “plug
and play” tool — that will be key to driving consumer sales in
future

15. Considerations
Define your niche: What customers
will you best serve?
What role: Will you print as a service,
sell the equipment or both?
Which Equipment Materials?
Content: Where will it come from?
Who will own it?
Data repair: How will you address
the need for scan data processing
into 3D printable files?
“…making stuff is going to become more
localizable. ..more objects can be
manufactured closer to the end customers.”
(Peter Weijmarshausen, CEO Shapeways –
BARRONS.COM 5/9/14)
Microsoft 8.1 has added a direct pipeline from
3D printing applications to 3D printers-(PC
Magazine – 7/2/13)
About HP - The company believes that 3D
printing is a natural progression of its 2D printer
business, where it has a sizeable share.
(FORBES.COM – 3/28/14)

16. 3D Scanning – Building content

17. NYC Hotel Courtyard: Scan to Model to Print

18. NYC Hotel Courtyard: Scan to Print
Four Focus3D 120 scans taken at NYC hotel
Total time on-site about 40 minutes
Data sufficient for preliminary architectural
modeling of courtyard and portions of
surrounding buildings
Point cloud converted into 3D CAD model
3D CAD fabricated by 3D printing

22. 3D Scan to Revit (BIM) to 3D print example

29. Feature Replication

30. Feature Replication

35. Building Documentation

47. 3D Scanning
The DDI technicians scanned four different sculptures: the Amun, the Headless Princess, the Scribe, and a
Kneeling King Tut. An articulating arm-based laser line scanner provided high accuracy and real-time feedback
to assure complete capture before heading back to Baltimore to process the raw scan data.
Ancient Sculptures

48. 3D Modeling
For the post-processing, we used Innovmetric’s PolyWorks Modeler software to create highly accurate
watertight 3D digital models of each of the ancient pieces.
Ancient Sculptures

49. Data Analysis
During both the scanning and modeling processes, specific attention was paid to fine cracks and other
imperfections in the original pieces. These are the qualities that would make the reproductions more
accurate and realistic.
Ancient Sculptures

50. Final Product Ancient Sculptures

56. Half-Scale RCPa Mseo Sdtuedly I Digital Historic Preservation I Tomb of the Unknowns

57. Creating the CFaisnea Sl tMudoyd IeDligital Historic Preservation I Tomb of the Unknowns

58. Team “Scantasia”
3D Scanning Museum Sculptures for
Conservation, Restoration, and Awesome
Interactive 3D Online Display

60. http://shpws.me/qB6j

64. http://shpws.me/qBrD

68. http://sketchfab.com/dirdim

69. https://sketchfab.com/nm5l43hgca

79. Team Scantasia
Deliverables to The Walters Art Museum
• Demonstration of various types of 3D scanning
• Accurate 3D documentation for conservators curators
• Various outlets for 3D model presentation to public:
• Shapeways for 3D printing
• Sketchfab for interactive online 3D viewing
• WordPress integration to existing website content
http://dirdim.sketchfab.me/folders/artbytes-2014-from-walters-art-museum

80. 1
6 ft. Youthful Franklin
3D Scanned Onsite
2
3D Computer Model
from 3D Scanning
Digital
Fabrication
from 3D
Model
Laser Etched Crystal
3
8 and 12 inch
3D Printed Patterns:
8 Inch Bronze
Replica 4

81. Life-Sized Sculpture
of Teddy Roosevelt
3D Scanned in Museum
High Resolution
3D Digital Model
1
3
2
Casting Pattern made with 3D Printing
4
6” Stone Replica
with Faux Bronze Finish

82. 2
3D Digital Model of
Rosetta Stone
Hieroglyphs
Extreme High Resolution 3D
scanning of the direct cast
replica of the Rosetta Stone
1
3
High Resolution
Casting Pattern made
with 3D Printing
4
12 and 15 inch Cast Stone
Rosetta Stone Replicas

83. High Resolution Scanning of a
Moth and the Resulting
Cast Silver Pendant

87. 2

95. Click image for link to main Vogue story
Behind the scenes story #2 Story #3 Story #4

97. Liars Music Video

99. 1. ShapeShot 3D Photo Booth automatically
captures face in 3D in high-res and accurately
3D Photo Booth
4. Files sent to our service providers for fulfillment
2. Instantly view your personal on-line
gallery and on ShapeShot mobile app
3. Buy personalized products from our
ShapeShot online Marketplace web store

107. Thank You