How Green Is Your Data Center

How green is your Data Center?

David Gillespie, AIA, CSI, LEED AP
Director: Communications & Technology
CRS Engineering & Design Consultants

1

Green as is environmental conscious
Green as in money (saved or spent)
Green as in solar powered
Green as in reduced carbon footprint
Green as is those little green lights
Green as in ???

Answer: YES


2

Commercial Building Resource Impact

•Energy experts estimate that data centers gobble up somewhere between
1.5 percent and 3 percent of all electricity generated in the United States.

•According to the Uptime Institute, more than 60 percent of the power used
to cool equipment in the data center is completely wasted.

©2009 C.R.S Engineering & Design Consultants 3

Perception is NOT Reality


Data Center “Deficiencies”
opportunities

1. Insufficient power 29%
2. Excessive heat 29%
3. Insufficient raised floor area 21%
4. Other factors* 13%
5. Poor location 6%
6. Excessive facility cost 3%

* Other factors (read: Human Error) includes
absent or ineffective management policies
and practices.

© 2005 Gartner

Where’s the Problem?
Competing priorities
IT Department Facilities Management

• Computing Services • Life Safety/ Fire Protection
• Applications and Servers • Security
• Data Storage/ Retrieval • Building systems: M/E/P
• Services Management • Infrastructure support
• Disaster Avoidance/ Recovery • Control and Monitoring
• Business Continuity • O&M
• Commissioning and Testing • Disaster Avoidance/ Recovery

Mind the Gap


Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI)

NCPI

Fire & Safety


*
The Numbers
• 90% of US data centers will experience a service interruption that will affect
business operations in the next 5 years.

• 80% of data centers surveyed have experienced a service interruption in the last 5
years and of those 82% were power related.

• 77% of US data center managers believe they will have major physical
improvement or be forced to relocate their data center in the next 10 years.

• 53% of US data centers are planning for an expansion in the next 5 years.

• 42% believe business growth will be the largest factor in data center changes over
the next 10 years, followed by facility age and regulatory compliance

• Survey says: 2 largest DC problems: Power, Heat.

* © 2006 Data Center Institute Keynote Address


We have a problem…
• Original data center layout sketch from client

• Space is overheating

• Both CRAC units are in
operation 24/7. (2 units 10 Tons each)

• Power panels have capacity

• UPS is only loaded to 38.5%

• FYI: Two new blade servers racks
ship in three days.

CRAC units
10 Tons each


Where can we start?
Techniques for data collection

• Template calculators (IT electrical, cooling, service, power factors,
generators, UPS, growth, etc.)
• Summarize nameplate data: inventory all IT equipment and
assign power factors.
• Field measurement: collect temperature, power consumption
and air flow in the field. (timing is critical)
• Consumption records. (UPS data)
• Trend analysis of computing schedules.
• Interview stakeholders.

• RESULT: total power (in watts) consumed by DC
Power consumed = Heat generated = Cooling required


Network Inventory
HELP…

To help determine what
has caused the current
problems and to help
avoid future issues the
IT department forwards
the latest equipment
inventory for the data
center. This is a typical
IT management
document.

That’s a nice spreadsheet but what does all this mean?


Equipment Inventory
Example: Single Rack
PowerConnect
2216

POW ER
1

9
2

10
3

11
4

12
5

13
6

14
7

15
8

16
SPD/LNK/ACT
F DX/HDX

SPD/LNK/ACT
F DX/HDX
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

Dell: 2216 #3 Dell: 2216 #3
Dell: 2216 #1 Dell: 2216 #1
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

PowerConnect
2216
SPD/LNK/ACT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
F DX/HDX

SPD/LNK/ACT
POW ER 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
F DX/HDX

Dell: 2216 #2 Dell: 2216 #2
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

PowerConnect

RU 45 RU 45
2216
SPD/LNK/ACT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
F DX/HDX

SPD/LNK/ACT
POW ER 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
F DX/HDX
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

P R O C E S S O R
R

4
PowerEdge
3250
Dell: 3250 #1 Dell: 3250 #1
P R O C E S S O R
R

4
PowerEdge
3250
Dell: 3250 #2 Dell: 3250 #2
RU 40 P R O C E S S O R
R

4
PowerEdge
3250
Dell: 3250 #3 RU 40 Dell: 3250 #3
P R O C E S S O R
R

4
PowerEdge
3250
Dell: 3250 #4 Dell: 3250 #4
E SC

E NTER
PowerVault
124T Dell: 124T #1
RU 35 E SC PowerVault
124T
RU 35 Dell: 124T #2
E NTER

E SC

E NTER
PowerVault
124T
Dell: 124T #3
Dell: 310-4227 #1 Dell: 310-4227 #1
RU 30 RU 30

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

RU 25
PowerEdge
4600
Dell: 4600 (Rack) #3 RU 25
1 2

Dell: 4600 (Rack) #3

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

RU 20 PowerEdge
4600
Dell: 4600 (Rack) #4 RU 20 1 2

E SC

E NTER
PowerVault
124T
Dell: 124T #4
1
1 2
2 3
PowerVault
745N

4
Dell: 745N #1 Dell: 745N #1
RU 15 RU 15

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

RU 10
PowerEdge
4600
Dell: 4600 (Rack) #1 1 2

RU 10

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

RU 05 Dell: 4600 (Rack) #2 RU 05
PowerEdge
4600
1 2

Dell: RPS-600 #3 RPS4 RPS2 RPS1

Dell: RPS-600 #3

Dell: RPS-600 #2

Dell: RPS-600 #1
43.0 Amps
B-LINE Systems: Access 47 U 19 EIA 23 wide B-LINE Systems: Access 47 U 19 EIA 23 wide
12040.0 BTU/HR
Rack Front 700 Lbs. Rack Rear

Example: Generic Data Center
• Existing layout


Modeling: Existing Conditions
• Thermal model initial results: Immanent Failure
Air flow

(2) 10 ton CRAC units – 20 Tons

Modeling: Hot/ Cold Aisle
• Solution: Add more cooling, change equipment orientation
• Result: Improved environment, not ideal

COLD AISLE

HOT AISLE

COLD AISLE

(3) 10 ton CRAC units – 30 Tons

Solutions

• Alternate layout and equipment adjustments
COLD AISLE

COLD AISLE

COLD AISLE

COLD AISLE
(4) 7.5 ton CRAC units – 30 tons

Getting it Done
• Critical Issues: Power, Heat, Space
• Solutions: Infrastructure Matching
• Assessment - power, cooling, sequencing
• Forecast – growth (and Gotcha’s)
• Budget – short term, long term
• Schedule – near view, far view
• Deploy – modular and balanced
• Reality: Budget and schedule are fixed (too small, but fixed)
• Small steps, big finish
So?


The big “Ta-Da”
• Alternatives : nothing is free but these trade offs can work
• Consolidate, no more single app boxes!
• Right sizing – everything from power supplies to rack enclosures
• Deploy power management
• Optimize air flow - hot aisle, cold aisle
• Know your thresholds – temperature and power
• Use energy-efficient servers (some use 40% less power)
• Use high-efficiency power supplies (see right sizing above)
• Bridge the IT/ Facilities gap.
• Do your homework – follow standards and benchmark performance
• Get the people out!
• Push Harder – advocate for change from all sources, suppliers,
manufacturers, providers, etc. If you don’t ask…

©2007 C.R.S Engineering, Inc. 18

The Answer?

Planning
Modular
Design
Awareness

Management

System
Redundancy Right Sizing

All of the above

Radical Common Sense
You already know this
• Model space for temperature, air flow, power distribution and capacity.
• Identify single points of failure, infrastructure capacity issues or service
interruption threats.
• Utility assessment models: current, immanent, future
• Adjust equipment orientation. (hot aisle cold aisle)
• Segregate power and data cabling.
• Introduce redundancy.
• Establish modular equipment standards. (and follow them)
• Construct and maintain a disaster avoidance/ recovery plan.
• Review deployment strategies.
• Clean up! Eliminate all non IT equipment, and people.
• Look, Plan, Build, then Deploy (in that order)



205.276.3393
dgillespie@crsegr.com 21

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