The document outlines several accepted philosophies of nursing including Betty Neuman's System Theory, Dorothea Orem's Theory of Self Care Deficit, Jean Watson's Theory of Caring in Nursing, Martha Rogers' view that the life process of human beings is central to nursing care, Patricia Benner's humanistic model that nurses progress from novice to expert, Sister Callista Roy's adaptation model, Rosemarie Parse's Theory of Human Becoming, and Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment within an open system model.