A Dark Side to Data-Centric Geography? Where are the Reward Systems?

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The document discusses a symposium on human dynamics research and a potential dark side to data-centric geography. It questions where reward systems are for data scientists in geography and what institutional barriers need to be removed to better prepare graduates for success in both academia and industry. The document considers what drivers could shift academia to better recognize and reward data scientists and where data science fits within the university structure.

Ciências

“Fear is the path to the
dark side. Fear leads to
anger. Anger leads to hate.
Hate leads to suffering.”
Yodaquotes.net
Ease Leads to Exposure. Exposure Leads to Adoption.
4403 Symposium on Human Dynamics Research
A Dark Side to Data-Centric Geography? Where are the
Reward Systems?
Image courtesy of Wookieepedia, under fair use provision of US copyright law

“Fear is the path to the
dark side. Fear leads to
anger. Anger leads to hate.
Hate leads to suffering.”
Yodaquotes.net
Waldo Tobler, Duane Marble, Art Getis, Jerry Dobson
dusk.geo.orst.edu/aag16-darkside.html

Data Science and Data-Centric Geography
Jake VanderPlas, University of Washington eScience Institute

What changes in academic culture should we strive
toward? What institutional barriers need to be
removed?
Recognizing that graduates will go on to work in both
academia and industry, how best to prepare them for
success in both worlds?
What drivers might shift academia toward recognizing
& rewarding “data scientists” in geography?
Whither “data science?” Where does it fit within the
structure of the university?

Thank You
Dawn Wright | Esri Chief Scientist
Email: dwright@esri.com
Twitter: @deepseadawn
dusk.geo.orst.edu/aag16-darkside.html

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HotJupiters are amongthebest-studied exoplanets, but it is still poorly understood how their chemical composition and cloud properties vary with longitude. Theoretical models predict that clouds may condense on the nightside and that molecular abundances can be driven out of equilibrium by zonal winds. Here we report a phase-resolved emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b measured from 5–12µ 5–12µ 5–12µm with JWST’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI). 1524 ±35 1524 ±35 and 863±23 The spectra reveal a large day–night temperature contrast (with average brightness temperatures of 1524 ± 35 863 ±23 863 ±23Kelvin, respectively) and evidence for water absorption at all orbital phases. Comparisons with three-dimensional atmospheric models show that both the phase curve shape and emission spectra strongly suggest the presence of nightside clouds which become optically thick to thermal emission at pressures greater than ∼100mbar. The dayside is consistent with a cloudless atmosphere above the mid-infrared photosphere. Con3trary to expectations from equilibrium chemistry but consistent with disequilibrium kinetics models, methane is not detected on the nightside (2σ upper limit of 1–6 parts per million, depending on model assumptions).

Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b

Sérgio Sacani

Seismic Method Estimate velocity from seismic data.pptx

AlMamun560346

Understanding circumstellar disks is of prime importance in astrophysics, however, their birth process remains poorly constrained due to observational and numerical challenges. Recent numerical works have shown that the small-scale physics, often wrapped into a sub-grid model, play a crucial role in disk formation and evolution. This calls for a combined approach in which both the protostar and circumstellar disk are studied in concert. Aims. We aim to elucidate the small scale physics and constrain sub-grid parameters commonly chosen in the literature by resolving the star-disk interaction. Methods. We carry out a set of very high resolution 3D radiative-hydrodynamics simulations that self-consistently describe the collapse of a turbulent dense molecular cloud core to stellar densities. We study the birth of the protostar, the circumstellar disk, and its early evolution (< 6 yr after protostellar formation). Results. Following the second gravitational collapse, the nascent protostar quickly reaches breakup velocity and sheds its surface material, thus forming a hot (∼ 103 K), dense, and highly flared circumstellar disk. The protostar is embedded within the disk, such that material can flow without crossing any shock fronts. The circumstellar disk mass quickly exceeds that of the protostar, and its kinematics are dominated by self-gravity. Accretion onto the disk is highly anisotropic, and accretion onto the protostar mainly occurs through material that slides on the disk surface. The polar mass flux is negligible in comparison. The radiative behavior also displays a strong anisotropy, as the polar accretion shock is shown to be supercritical whereas its equatorial counterpart is subcritical. We also f ind a remarkable convergence of our results with respect to initial conditions. Conclusions. These results reveal the structure and kinematics in the smallest spatial scales relevant to protostellar and circumstellar disk evolution. They can be used to describe accretion onto regions commonly described by sub-grid models in simulations studying larger scale physics.

Formation of low mass protostars and their circumstellar disks

Sérgio Sacani

SCIENCE-4-QUARTER4-WEEK-4-PPT-1 (1).pptx

RizalinePalanog2

We explore different scenarios to explain the chemical difference found in the remarkable giant-giant binary system HD138202+CD−3012303. For the first time, we suggest how to distinguish these scenarios by taking advantage of the extensive convective envelopes of giant stars. Methods. We carried out a high-precision determination of stellar parameters and abundances by applying a full line-by-line differential analysis on GHOST high-resolution spectra. We used the FUNDPAR program with ATLAS12 model atmospheres and specific opacities calculated for an arbitrary composition through a doubly iterated method. Physical parameters were estimated with the isochrones package and evolutionary tracks were calculated via MIST models. Results. We found a significant chemical difference between the two stars (∆[Fe/H]∼0.08dex), which is largely unexpected considering the insensitivity of giant stars to planetary ingestion and diffusion effects. We tested the possibility of engulfment events by using several different combinations of stellar mass, ingested mass, metallicity of the engulfed object and different convective envelopes. However, the planetary ingestion scenario does not seem to explain the observed differences. For the first time, we distinguished the source of chemical differences using a giant-giant binary system. By ruling out other possible scenarios such as planet formation and evolutionary effects between the two stars, we suggest that primordial inhomogeneities might explain the observed differences. This remarkable result implies that the metallicity differences that were observed in at least some main-sequence binary systems might be related to primordial inhomogeneities rather than engulfment events. We also discuss the important implications of finding primordial inhomogeneities, which affect chemical tagging and other fields such as planet formation. We strongly encourage the use of giantgiant pairs. They are a relevant complement to main-sequence pairs for determining the origin of the observed chemical differences in multiple systems.

Disentangling the origin of chemical differences using GHOST

Sérgio Sacani

Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptx

RajatChauhan518211

Wepresent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 12-m, 7-m, and Total Power Array observations of the FUOrionis outbursting system, covering spatial scales ranging from 160 to 25,000 au. The high-resolution interferometric data reveal an elongated 12CO(2–1) feature previously observed at lower resolution in 12CO(3–2). Kinematic modeling indicates that this feature can be interpreted as an accretion streamer feeding the binary system. The mass infall rate provided by the streamer is significantly lower than the typical stellar accretion rates (even in quiescent states), suggesting that this streamer alone is not massive enough to sustain the enhanced accretion rates characteristic of the outbursting class prototype. The observed streamer may not be directly linked to the current outburst, but rather a remnant of a previous, more massive streamer that may have contributed enough to the disk mass to render it unstable and trigger the FU Orionis outburst. The new data detect, for the first time, a vast, slow-moving carbon monoxide molecular outflow emerging from this object. To accurately assess the outflow properties (mass, momentum, and kinetic energy), we employ 13CO(2–1) data to correct for optical depth effects. The analysis indicates that the outflow corresponds to swept-up material not associated with the current outburst, similar to the slow molecular outflows observed around other FUor and Class I protostellar objects.

Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...

Sérgio Sacani

Context. Determining the size distribution of asteroids is key to understanding the collisional history and evolution of the inner Solar System. Aims. We aim to improve our knowledge of the size distribution of small asteroids in the main belt by determining the parallaxes of newly detected asteroids in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archive and subsequently their absolute magnitudes and sizes. Methods. Asteroids appear as curved trails in HST images because of the parallax induced by the fast orbital motion of the spacecraft. Taking into account the trajectory of this latter, the parallax effect can be computed to obtain the distance to the asteroids by fitting simulated trajectories to the observed trails. Using distance, we can obtain the absolute magnitude of an object and an estimation of its size assuming an albedo value, along with some boundaries for its orbital parameters. Results. In this work, we analyse a set of 632 serendipitously imaged asteroids found in the ESA HST archive. Images were captured with the ACS/WFC and WFC3/UVIS instruments. A machine learning algorithm (trained with the results of a citizen science project) was used to detect objects in these images as part of a previous study. Our raw data consist of 1031 asteroid trails from unknown objects, not matching any entries in the Minor Planet Center (MPC) database using their coordinates and imaging time. We also found 670 trails from known objects (objects featuring matching entries in the MPC). After an accuracy assessment and filtering process, our analysed HST asteroid set consists of 454 unknown objects and 178 known objects. We obtain a sample dominated by potential main belt objects featuring absolute magnitudes (H) mostly between 15 and 22 mag. The absolute magnitude cumulative distribution logN(H > H0) ∝ αlog(H0) confirms the previously reported slope change for 15 < H < 18, from α ≈ 0.56 to α ≈ 0.26, maintained in our case down to absolute magnitudes of around H ≈ 20, and therefore expanding the previous result by approximately two magnitudes. Conclusions. HST archival observations can be used as an asteroid survey because the telescope pointings are statistically randomly oriented in the sky and cover long periods of time. They allow us to expand the current best samples of astronomical objects at no extra cost in regard to telescope time.

Hubble Asteroid Hunter III. Physical properties of newly found asteroids

Sérgio Sacani

Botany krishna series 2nd semester Only Mcq type questions

Sumit Kumar yadav

A Dark Side to Data-Centric Geography? Where are the Reward Systems?

1. “Fear is the path to the dark side. Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.” Yodaquotes.net Ease Leads to Exposure. Exposure Leads to Adoption. 4403 Symposium on Human Dynamics Research A Dark Side to Data-Centric Geography? Where are the Reward Systems? Image courtesy of Wookieepedia, under fair use provision of US copyright law

2. “Fear is the path to the dark side. Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.” Yodaquotes.net Waldo Tobler, Duane Marble, Art Getis, Jerry Dobson dusk.geo.orst.edu/aag16-darkside.html

3. Data Science and Data-Centric Geography Jake VanderPlas, University of Washington eScience Institute

4. What changes in academic culture should we strive toward? What institutional barriers need to be removed? Recognizing that graduates will go on to work in both academia and industry, how best to prepare them for success in both worlds? What drivers might shift academia toward recognizing & rewarding “data scientists” in geography? Whither “data science?” Where does it fit within the structure of the university?

5. Thank You Dawn Wright | Esri Chief Scientist Email: dwright@esri.com Twitter: @deepseadawn dusk.geo.orst.edu/aag16-darkside.html

Notas do Editor

4403 Symposium on Human Dynamics Research: A Dark Side to Data-Centric Geography? Where are the Reward Systems? Panel AAG Annual Meeting, San Francisco, April 1, 2016 - http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/aag16-darkside.html Main Sponsors: AAG GIScience & Systems, Cyberinfrastructure, and Remote Sensing Speciality Groups Related Sponsor: AAG Public/Private Affinity Group Note that you can rate this session in the AAG meeting app by clicking on the clipboard icon to the left of the session description Panel will discuss an apparent disconnect in academia where skills in research computing and programming are still not properly rewarded, and what we can do about it. By not properly rewarding computing and coding, publishing of data, etc. in the same way that we reward traditional research, teaching and service, are we unwittingly driving a host of promising researchers away from the academic community? Dan Goldberg, TAMU: “As someone coming to a love of geography following 3 degrees in computer science (bs, ms, and phd) this is my daily struggle toward tenure in a dept of geography. I routinely need to explain to my colleagues why computng is part of geography and how what I do is not simply widgetology.” Similar themes touched on in opening plenary panel on Disruption in Higher Education and NRC Report on Transformative Research On career advancement: make the process more rewarding of transformaIve research
These “Yodas” wrote to me before the AAG to express their interest in the topic and encourage its discussion. Jerry Dobson was actually in the audience with us.
Diversity on the panel Karen Kemp – part of a spatial sciences institute and not a formal department – equivalent to full professor Renee Sieber – associate (mid-career) professor with joint appointment in the School of Environment & Department of Geography, McGill Serge – full professor, School of Geographical Sciences & Urban Planning at ASU but offering separate degrees in those fields Werner – full professor, Dept of Geography, UCSB, Dangermond Chair, but running the spatial@UCSB institute that serves the entire campus Forrest – a doctoral student at Texas A&M, student of AAG president Sarah Bednarz, soon to defend and take up a tenure-track post at UMass-Amherst; dissertation deals in part with the topics of this panel Matt – associate (mid-career) in Dept of geography at U. of Kentucky, visiting scholar at Harvard but in 2 impt units there: center for geographical analysis and visiting prof in Graduate School of Design From AAG Editorial board meeting of Monday: “A lot to be said for publishing to be part of the conversation in compelling topic rather than just ticking box toward tenure.”

A Dark Side to Data-Centric Geography? Where are the Reward Systems?

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